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Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater.

ABSTRACT: Since the turn of the 21st century, water pollution has been a major issue, and most of the pollution is generated by dyes. Adsorption is one of the most commonly used dye-removal methods from aqueous solution. Magnetic-particle integration in the water-treatment industry is gaining considerable attention because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Magnetic-particle adsorption technology shows promising and effective outcomes for wastewater treatment owing to the presence of magnetic material in the adsorbents that can facilitate separation through the application of an external magnetic field. Meanwhile, the introduction of activated carbon (AC) derived from various materials into a magnetic material can lead to efficient organic-dye removal. Therefore, this combination can provide an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly water-purification process. Although activated carbon from low-cost and abundant materials has considerable potential in the water-treatment industry, the widespread applications of adsorption technology are limited by adsorbent recovery and separation after treatment. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the use of a combination of a magnetic material and an activated carbon material for dye adsorption in wastewater treatment. The literature survey in this mini-review provides evidence of the potential use of these magnetic adsorbents, as well as their magnetic separation and recovery. Future directions and challenges of magnetic activated carbon in wastewater treatment are also discussed in this paper.

SUBMITTER: Moosavi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7450512 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater.

Moosavi Seyedehmaryam S Lai Chin Wei CW Gan Sinyee S Zamiri Golnoush G Akbarzadeh Pivehzhani Omid O Johan Mohd Rafie MR

ACS omega 20200810 33

Since the turn of the 21st century, water pollution has been a major issue, and most of the pollution is generated by dyes. Adsorption is one of the most commonly used dye-removal methods from aqueous solution. Magnetic-particle integration in the water-treatment industry is gaining considerable attention because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Magnetic-particle adsorption technology shows promising and effective outcomes for wastewater treatment owing to the presence of mag ...[more]

PMID: 32875202

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Project description:With the rapid advancement of the dye and textile industry, there has been increasing concern regarding the contamination of wastewater with dyes and its potential influence on human health. Therefore, the removal of dye pollutants from wastewater has become a matter of significant importance. In this study, a magnetically responsive iminodiacetic acid-functionalized graphene oxide (IDA-GO@Fe3O4) nanocomposite was utilized for the adsorption of both cationic and anionic dyes. The IDA-GO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using several analytical techniques such as XRD, SEM, FT-IR, TGA and BET analysis. The prepared magnetic nanocomposite had a much higher thermal stability than pure graphene oxide. The negatively charged surface of the IDA-GO@Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite made it an excellent candidate for removing cationic dyes. The effects of various factors, including pH, initial concentration (isotherms), amount of adsorbent, and contact time (kinetics), on adsorption efficiency were investigated. The optimal conditions for the removal of methylene blue were determined to be 0.005 g of adsorbent, a pH of 10, and a contact time of 160 minutes. In contrast, the optimal conditions for the removal of methylene orange were found to be 0.005 g of adsorbent, a pH of 2, and a contact time of 120 minutes. Experimental data shows that the adsorption capacity for MB is reported as 437.10 mg g-1 at pH 10, while for MO it is 165.65 mg g-1 at pH 2. Furthermore, the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The proposed adsorption mechanism of MB and MO dyes onto the IDA-GO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite involve various interactions, such as electrostatic interactions, H-bonding, n-π, and π-π interactions. Importantly, the IDA-GO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite exhibited outstanding recyclability, retaining its effectiveness even after five successive cycles for MB. This suggests a straightforward method for developing high-performance IDA-GO@Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposites for efficient wastewater purification and environmental remediation applications.

Project description:BackgroundThe increasing use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) will inevitably lead to the exposure of wastewater treatment facilities. However, knowledge of the impacts of MWCNTs on wastewater nutrient removal and bacterial community structure in the activated sludge process is sparse.AimsTo investigate the effects of MWCNTs on wastewater nutrient removal, and bacterial community structure in activated sludge.MethodsThree triplicate sequencing batch reactors (SBR) were exposed to wastewater which contained 0, 1, and 20 mg/L MWCNTs. MiSeq sequencing was used to investigate the bacterial community structures in activated sludge samples which were exposed to different concentrations of MWCNTs.ResultsExposure to 1 and 20 mg/L MWCNTs had no acute (1 day) impact on nutrient removal from wastewater. After long-term (180 days) exposure to 1 mg/L MWCNTs, the average total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency was not significantly affected. TN removal efficiency decreased from 84.0% to 71.9% after long-term effects of 20 mg/L MWCNTs. After long-term exposure to 1 and 20 mg/L MWCNTs, the total phosphorus removal efficiencies decreased from 96.8% to 52.3% and from 98.2% to 34.0% respectively. Further study revealed that long-term exposure to 20 mg/L MWCNTs inhibited activities of ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase. Long-term exposure to 1 and 20 mg/L MWCNTs both inhibited activities of exopolyphosphatase and polyphosphate kinase. MiSeq sequencing data indicated that 20 mg/L MWCNTs significantly decreased the diversity of bacterial community in activated sludge. Long-term exposure to 1 and 20 mg/L MWCNTs differentially decreased the abundance of nitrifying bacteria, especially ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. The abundance of PAOs was decreased after long-term exposure to 20 mg/L MWCNTs. The abundance of glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) was increased after long-term exposure to 1 mg/L MWCNTs.ConclusionMWCNTs have adverse effects on biological wastewater nutrient removal, and altered the diversity and structure of bacterial community in activated sludge.

Project description:To meet the current challenges concerning the removal of dyes from wastewater, an environmentally friendly and efficient treatment technology is urgently needed. The recalcitrant, noxious, carcinogenic and mutagenic compound dyes are a threat to ecology and its removal from textile wastewater is challenge in the current world. Herein, biochar-mediated zirconium ferrite nanocomposites (BC-ZrFe2O5 NCs) were fabricated with wheat straw-derived biochar and applied for the adsorptive elimination of Tartrazine dye from textile wastewater. The optical and structural properties of synthesized BC-ZrFe2O5 NCs were characterized via UV/Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform Infra-red (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive R-Ray (EDX) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The batch modes experiments were executed to explore sorption capacity of BC-ZrFe2O5 NCs at varying operative conditions, i.e., pH, temperature, contact time, initial dye concentrations and adsorbent dose. BC-ZrFe2O5 NCs exhibited the highest sorption efficiency among all adsorbents (wheat straw biomass (WSBM), wheat straw biochar (WSBC) and BC-ZrFe2O5 NCs), having an adsorption capacity of (mg g-1) 53.64 ± 0.23, 79.49 ± 0.21 and 89.22 ± 0.31, respectively, for Tartrazine dye at optimum conditions of environmental variables: pH 2, dose rate 0.05 g, temperature 303 K, time of contact 360 min and concentration 100 mg L-1. For the optimization of process variables, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed. In order to study the kinetics and the mechanism of the adsorption process, kinetic and equilibrium mathematical models were used, and results revealed 2nd order kinetics and a multilayer chemisorption mechanism due to complexation of hydroxyl, Fe and Zr with dyes functional groups. The nanocomposites were also recovered in five cycles without significant loss (89 to 63%) in adsorption efficacy. This research work provides insight into the fabrication of nanoadsorbents for the efficient adsorption of Tartrazine dye, which can also be employed for practical engineering applications on an industrial scale as efficient and cost effective materials.

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Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater.

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Application of Efficient Magnetic Particles and Activated Carbon for Dye Removal from Wastewater.

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