Dataset Information

Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Over 100 people die daily from opioid overdose and $78.5B per year is spent on treatment efforts, however, the real societal cost is multifold greater. Alternative strategies to eradicate/manage drug misuse and addiction need consideration. The perception of opioid addiction as a social/criminal problem has evolved to evidence-based considerations of them as clinical disorders with a genetic basis. We present evaluations of the genetics of addiction with ancestryspecific risk profiles for consideration.

Objective

Studies of gene variants associated with predisposition to substance use disorders (SUDs) are monolithic, and exclude many ethnic groups, especially Hispanics and African Americans. We evaluate gene polymorphisms that impact brain reward and predispose individuals to opioid addictions, with a focus on the disparity of research which includes individuals of African and Hispanic descent.

Methodology

PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for: Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), Genome- wide association studies (GWAS); genetic variants; polymorphisms, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP); genomics, epigenetics, race, ethnic group, ethnicity, ancestry, Caucasian/ White, African American/Black, Hispanic, Asian, addictive behaviors, reward deficiency syndrome (RDS), mutation, insertion/deletion, and promotor region.

Results

Many studies exclude non-White individuals. Studies that include diverse populations report ethnicity-specific frequencies of risk genes, with certain polymorphisms specifically associated with Caucasian and not African-American or Hispanic susceptibility to OUD or SUDs, and vice versa.

Conclusion

To adapt precision medicine-based addiction management in a blended society, we propose that ethnicity/ancestry-informed genetic variations must be analyzed to provide real precision- guided therapeutics with the intent to attenuate this uncontrollable fatal epidemic.

SUBMITTER: Abijo T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7457418 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine.

Abijo Tomilowo T Blum Kenneth K Gondré-Lewis Marjorie C MC

Current neuropharmacology 20200101 7

<h4>Background</h4>Over 100 people die daily from opioid overdose and $78.5B per year is spent on treatment efforts, however, the real societal cost is multifold greater. Alternative strategies to eradicate/manage drug misuse and addiction need consideration. The perception of opioid addiction as a social/criminal problem has evolved to evidence-based considerations of them as clinical disorders with a genetic basis. We present evaluations of the genetics of addiction with ancestryspecific risk ...[more]

PMID: 31744450

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundDuring the pandemic, there was a dramatic shift to telemedicine for opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment. Little is known about how clinician attitudes about telemedicine use for OUD treatment are evolving or their preferences for future use.ObjectiveTo understand OUD clinician views of and preferences regarding telemedicine.DesignLongitudinal survey (wave 1, December 2020; wave 2, March 2022).SubjectsNational sample of 425 clinicians who treat OUD.Main measuresSelf-reported proportion of OUD visits delivered via telemedicine (actual vs. preferred), comfort in using video visits for OUD, impact of telemedicine on work-related well-being.Key resultsThe mean reported percentage of OUD visits delivered via telemedicine (vs. in person) dropped from 56.9% in December 2020 to 41.5% in March 2022; the mean preferred post-pandemic percentage of OUD visits delivered via telemedicine was 34.8%. Responses about comfort in using video visits for different types of OUD patients remained similar over time despite clinicians having substantially more experience with telemedicine by spring 2022 (e.g., 35.8% vs. 36.0% report being comfortable using video visits for new patients). Almost three-quarters (70.9%) reported that most of their patients preferred to have the majority of their visits via telemedicine, and 76.7% agreed that the option to do video visits helped their patients remain in treatment longer. The majority (58.7%) reported that telemedicine had a positive impact on their work-related well-being, with higher rates of a positive impact among those who completed training more recently (68.5% of those with < 10 years, 62.1% with 10-19 years, and 45.8% with 20 + years, p < 0.001).ConclusionsWhile many surveyed OUD clinicians were not comfortable using telemedicine for all types of patients, most wanted telemedicine to account for a substantial fraction of OUD visits, and most believed telemedicine has had positive impacts for themselves and their patients.

Dataset Information

Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine.

Background

Objective

Methodology

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Neuropharmacological and Neurogenetic Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) As a Function of Ethnicity: Relevance to Precision Addiction Medicine.

Similar Datasets

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