Dataset Information

BRAZIL'S PROGRESS IN PROTECTING, PROMOTING AND SUPPORTING BREASTFEEDING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GLOBAL BREASTFEEDING COLLECTIVE.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To identify and to discuss the progress of actions for the protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding in Brazil from the perspective of the indicators proposed by the Global Breastfeeding Collective. DATA SOURCE:A narrative review was conducted according to the methodological orientation of the implementation research and through a qualitative approach. Publications from the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund were selected, as well as publications from the Brazilian Ministry of Health were collected from the Virtual Health Library and from the libraries of the Department of Primary Care's portal and the Brazilian's Institute of Geography and Research. DATA SYNTHESIS:Brazil has shown promising results regarding the implementation of breastfeeding protection legislation, the participation of municipalities in community breastfeeding support programs, and the continued evaluation of these programs. However, reports of breastfeeding rates have not been produced every five years and the progress of these indicators is very far from the agreed targets for 2030. There is also a need to improve the number of births in child-friendly hospitals and financial donations for breastfeeding programs. CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to strengthen systematic monitoring of breastfeeding and following up current strategies to more effectively impact the breastfeeding rates in the country. Furthermore, it is suggested that the practice of donations is a pathway to be explored to support breastfeeding programs.

SUBMITTER: Melo DS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7457464 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

BRAZIL'S PROGRESS IN PROTECTING, PROMOTING AND SUPPORTING BREASTFEEDING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GLOBAL BREASTFEEDING COLLECTIVE.

Melo Daiane Sousa DS Oliveira Mariane Helen de MH Pereira Débora Dos Santos DDS

Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo 20200828

<h4>Objective</h4>To identify and to discuss the progress of actions for the protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding in Brazil from the perspective of the indicators proposed by the Global Breastfeeding Collective.<h4>Data source</h4>A narrative review was conducted according to the methodological orientation of the implementation research and through a qualitative approach. Publications from the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund were selected, as well a ...[more]

PMID: 32876303

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Project description:BackgroundBreastfeeding (BF) should be protected, promoted, and supported for all infants in humanitarian settings. The re-establishment of exclusive BF is also a central part of the management of acutely malnourished infants under 6 months (<6 m). Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) runs a nutrition project in Maiduguri, a protracted emergency setting in North-East Nigeria. This study aimed to explore caregivers' (CGs) and health workers' (HWs) perceptions of BF practice, promotion, and support among CGs with infants <6 m in this setting.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions combined with non-participant observations. Participants included CGs of young infants enrolled in MSF nutritional programs or who attended health promotion activities in a displacement camp. MSF HWs were involved at different levels in BF promotion and support. Data were collected involving a local translator and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis directly from audio recordings.ResultsParticipants described how feeding practices are shaped by family, community, and traditional beliefs. The perception of breastmilk insufficiency was common and led to early supplementary feeding with inexpensive but unsuitable products. Participants often linked insufficient breastmilk production with poor maternal nutrition and stress, in a context shaped by conflict and food insecurity. BF promotion was generally well received but could be improved if tailored to address specific barriers to exclusive BF. Interviewed CGs positively valued BF support received as part of the comprehensive treatment for infant malnutrition. One of the main challenges identified was the length of stay at the facility. Some participants perceived that improvements in BF were at risk of being lost after discharge if CGs lacked an enabling environment for BF.ConclusionThis study corroborates the strong influence of household and contextual factors on the practice, promotion, and support of BF. Despite identified challenges, the provision of BF support contributes to improvements in BF practice and was positively perceived by CGs in the studied setting. Greater attention should be directed toward providing support and follow-up for infants <6 m and their CGs in the community.

Project description:Global warming caused by carbon emissions has been recognized as a challenge to human sustainable development, and low-carbon city development is widely considered as an effective strategy to address this challenge. Numerous emission reduction measures have been implemented, and considerable efforts have been devoted in promoting low-carbon city. This paper examines whether sufficient efforts have been paid to these typical emission sectors, including Building, Industry, Energy Transformation, and Transportation by referring to the shared responsibility of each sector. The shared responsibility of individual emission sector is calculated by applying energy consumption data in 2014 World Energy Balance. The efforts contributed in emission reduction by each sector are examined by analyzing the low-carbon city work plans of 24 representative sample cities, which are selected globally. The research results demonstrate that sufficient emission reduction efforts have been paid in the Building sector and Transportation sector. But the Industry sector and Energy Transformation sector are less-attended in addressing emission reduction. The reason for the sufficient efforts paid in the Building sector and Transportation sector is considered as that the efforts for emission reduction in these two sectors can bring more co-benefits. However, emission reduction in Industrial sector is generally considered to have the effects of holding back economic growth, and the emission reduction in the sector of Energy Transformation will need enormous investment for advanced technologies. Policy for emission reduction in the Industry sector and Energy Transformation sector is indispensable to promote low-carbon city. This study appeals that (1) low-carbon city can be effectively implemented only if carbon reduction policy is adopted to all industrial activities; (2) multiple channels of financial resources should be established to support cities to mitigate carbon emissions in Industry sector; (3) cooperation on the development of clean energy technology between cities should be promoted; and (4) efforts should be paid to reduce carbon emission from using traditional energy transformation equipment by improving their efficiency.

Project description:Background:Cervical cancer represents an important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries such as Brazil. Investigating temporal evolution of a disease burden in the different realities of the country is essential for improving public policies. Objective:To describe the national and subnational burden of cervical cancer, based on the estimates of the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. Methods:Descriptive study of premature mortality (years of life lost [YLL]) and burden of disease (disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) associated with cervical cancer among Brazilian women aged 25-64 years, between 2000 and 2017. Findings:During the study period, age-standardized incidence decreased from 23.53 (22.79-24.26) to 18.39 (17.63-19.17) per 100,000 women, while mortality rates decreased from 11.3 (11.05-11.56) to 7.74 (7.49-8.02) per 100,000 women. These rates were about two to three times greater than equivalent rates in a developed country, such as England: 11.98 (11.45-12.55) to 10.37 (9.85-10.9), and 3.75 (3.68-3.84) to 2.82 (2.75-2.9) per 100,000 women, respectively. Poorer regions of Brazil had greater rates of the disease; for instance, Amapá State in the Northern Region had rates twice as high as the national rates during the same period. Cervical cancer was the leading cause of premature cancer-related mortality (YLL = 100.69, 91.48-110.61 per 100,000 women) among young women (25-29 years) in Brazil and eight federation units of all country regions except the Southeast in 2017. There was a decrease in the burden of cervical cancer in Brazil from 339.59 (330.82-348.83) DALYs per 100,000 women in 2000 to 238.99 (230.45-247.99) DALYs per 100,000 women in 2017. Conclusion:Although there has been a reduction in the burden of cervical cancer in Brazil, the rates remain high, mainly among young women. The persistence of inequalities between regions of Brazil suggests the importance of socioeconomic determinants in the burden for this cancer.

Dataset Information

BRAZIL'S PROGRESS IN PROTECTING, PROMOTING AND SUPPORTING BREASTFEEDING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GLOBAL BREASTFEEDING COLLECTIVE.

Publications

BRAZIL'S PROGRESS IN PROTECTING, PROMOTING AND SUPPORTING BREASTFEEDING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE GLOBAL BREASTFEEDING COLLECTIVE.

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