Dataset Information

Association of generalized and central obesity with serum and salivary cortisol secretion patterns in the elderly: findings from the cross sectional KORA-Age study.

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to examine the sex specific association of obesity with cortisol metabolism in a sample of older community dwelling people. The cross-sectional analysis included 394 men and 375 women (aged 65-90 years) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Multivariable regression analyses were employed to examine the association between cortisol samples (serum and salivary samples of morning after awakening (M1), 30 min later (M2) and at late night (LNSC)). Obesity was calculated as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). Cortisol levels were not significantly different between obesity measures except for elevated serum cortisol (P?=?0.02) levels in individuals with a low WHR. Higher M1 levels were especially apparent in women with normal BMI. Serum cortisol levels were inversely related to WHR (P?=?0.004) and CARAUC was inversely associated with BMI (P?=?0.007). Sex-stratified analytic models revealed that both obesity measures showed a non-linear association with cortisol diurnal pattern (M1/LNSC) in men. Impaired cortisol patterns emerged at both very ends of the body weight distribution. These findings do not support a cortisol driven obesity etiology in an older population and even point to an inverse association of body weight with cortisol levels. Differences of cortisol secretion patterns in generalized and abdominal fat distribution were marginal.

SUBMITTER: Ladwig KH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7458904 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of generalized and central obesity with serum and salivary cortisol secretion patterns in the elderly: findings from the cross sectional KORA-Age study.

Ladwig Karl-Heinz KH Schriever Sonja Charlotte SC Atasoy Seryan S Bidlingmaier Martin M Kruse Johannes J Johar Hamimatunnisa H

Scientific reports 20200831 1

The study aimed to examine the sex specific association of obesity with cortisol metabolism in a sample of older community dwelling people. The cross-sectional analysis included 394 men and 375 women (aged 65-90 years) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Multivariable regression analyses were employed to examine the association between cortisol samples (serum and salivary samples of morning after awakening (M1), 30 min later (M2) and at late night (LNSC)). Obesity was calculated as waist-to- ...[more]

PMID: 32868802

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Project description:An adverse psychological environment (e.g. stressful events or depression) has been shown to influence basal cortisol levels and cortisol response to stress. This differs depending on the adverse stimuli, but also varies across individuals and may be influenced by genetic predisposition. An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) is a strong candidate in this regard.To investigate how stressful life events and depression are associated with diurnal cortisol levels in community-dwelling elderly and determine whether this varies according to genetic variability in the 5-HTTLPR.This population-based study included 334 subjects aged 65 and older (mean (SD) = 76.5 (6.3)). Diurnal cortisol was measured on two separate days, under quiet (basal) and stressful conditions. The number of recent major stressful events experienced during the past year was assessed from a 12-item validated questionnaire as an index of cumulative recent stressful events. Lifetime trauma was evaluated using the validated Watson's PTSD inventory, which evaluates the most severe traumatic or frightening experience according to DSM criteria. Depression was defined as having a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnosis of current major depressive disorder or high levels of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale ?16). 5-HTTLPR genotyping was performed on blood samples.Exposure to stressful life events was associated with lower basal evening cortisol levels overall, and in the participants with the 5-HTTLPR L allele but not the SS genotype. The greatest effects (over 50% decrease, p < 0.001) were observed for the LL participants having experienced multiple recent stressful events or severe lifetime traumas. Participants with the L allele also had higher evening cortisol stress response. Conversely, depression tended to be associated with a 42% higher basal morning cortisol in the SS participants specifically, but did not modify the association between stressful events and cortisol levels.An adverse psychological environment is associated with basal cortisol levels and cortisol stress response, but this differs according to 5-HTTLPR genotype.

Project description:Highlights • Dried urine is an alternative to liquid urine for measuring cortisol and its metabolites.• 4-spot urine sampling is representative of a 24-hour urine collection.• 4-spot urinary cortisol measures reflect the diurnal pattern of change in cortisol.• Comprehensive profiling of cortisol is viable using both saliva plus dried urine samples. Aims/objectives The primary aim of this study was to determine the utility of dried urine sampling in obtaining measures of cortisol and cortisol metabolites. Additional aims were to evaluate if a 4-spot dried urine collection is representative of a 24-hour urine collection and if expected diurnal cortisol patterns can be observed in samples from both urine and saliva. Methods Data from individuals with cortisol measures available from both a 4-spot dried urine collection and a 24-hour urine collection (n = 28) were evaluated. Of these 28, 20 also had concurrent liquid and dried 24-hour urine measures. Consistency between these methods was evaluated using paired t-tests and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). In addition, data from individuals with concurrent measures of both urinary and salivary cortisol (n = 68) were assessed for consistency in the diurnal pattern of change in cortisol. Results Near ideal consistency was observed between liquid and dried urine for measures of total urine free cortisol, total urine cortisone, and total cortisol metabolites (n = 20; ICCs = 0.99, 0.97 and 0.96, respectively). Good to excellent consistency was observed between the 4-spot method and the 24-hour collection (n = 28; ICCs = 0.89, 0.95 and 0.92, respectively). In mixed model analysis, no difference was seen in the diurnal pattern of cortisol between salivary and urinary free cortisol (n = 68; P = 0.83). Conclusion Dried urine is a viable alternative to liquid urine for the measurement of cortisol and cortisol metabolites. Additionally, if the 4 measures are added together, 4-spot urine collections can be representative of diurnal cortisol patterns commonly assessed using saliva and 24-hour urine collections.

Dataset Information

Association of generalized and central obesity with serum and salivary cortisol secretion patterns in the elderly: findings from the cross sectional KORA-Age study.

Publications

Association of generalized and central obesity with serum and salivary cortisol secretion patterns in the elderly: findings from the cross sectional KORA-Age study.

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