Dataset Information

Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm-Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability.

ABSTRACT: The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients' reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variations in the individual reactions were observed. A new coherence index made it possible to identify 14 instances where the direction of individual changes tended to coincide with the direction of the mean change with more than 95% probability. The heterogeneity in variability across different bacteria species was limited. This allowed us to develop recommendations for sample sizes in future studies. For studies measuring the concentration change of bacteria as a reaction to nutrition change, the use of replications and analysis of the variability is recommended. In order to detect moderate effects of a change in nutrition on the concentration of single bacterial taxa, 30 participants with three repetitions are often adequate. Insights into the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition can be helpful for the development of dietary habits that promote the establishment of a healthy microbial flora and can therefore prevent the initiation of oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis.

SUBMITTER: Vach K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7460051 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm-Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability.

Vach Kirstin K Al-Ahmad Ali A Anderson Annette A Woelber Johan Peter JP Karygianni Lamprini L Wittmer Annette A Hellwig Elmar E

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 20200804 8

The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients' reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variation ...[more]

PMID: 32759753

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Project description:Aim: Clinically healthy gingival tissue is maintained through controlled regulation of host defense mechanisms against plaque biofilm overgrowth. One key component is the transit of neutrophils from the vasculature into gingival tissue where the expression of different neutrophil chemokines are tightly regulated. This cross-sectional study examines the inter-individual variability in chemokine profiles within gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in relation to the subgingival bacterial community in a state of gingival health. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid and subgingival plaque samples were collected from mesiobuccal surfaces of all six Ramfjord teeth of 20 systemically healthy individuals (14.55 ± 1.67 years). A multiplex immunoassay was carried out to quantify the expression of 40 different chemokines in the healthy gingival tissue. Neutrophils were assessed indirectly by myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GCF using traditional ELISA. Characterization of healthy subgingival plaque was conducted with the Illumina Miseq targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Results: In health, there are distinct variations within individual gingival crevicular fluid chemokine expression profiles, as well as in the concentration of neutrophils, that divided the participants into high or low chemokine expressing groups. Specifically, key differences were identified within MIF (2683.54 ± 985.82 pg per 30-s sample), IL-8/CXCL8 (170.98 ± 176.96 pg per 30-s sample), Gro-α/CXCL1 (160.42 ± 94.21 pg per 30-s sample), ENA-78/CXCL5 (137.76 ± 76.02 pg per 30-s sample), IL-1β (51.39 ± 37.23 pg per 30-s sample), TNF-α (1.76 ± 1.79 pg per 30-s sample), and IFN-γ (0.92 ± 0.54 pg per 30-s sample). Of these identified chemokines, the highest correlation was associated between IL-8/CXCL8 and neutrophils (r = 0.54, p = 0.014). Furthermore, species characterization of healthy subgingival plaque revealed significant inter-individual variability that identified two unique groups unrelated to the previously identified chemokine groups. Conclusion: The lack of concordance between the microbial composition and chemokine profile during health may be a reflection of the unique microbial composition of each individual coupled with variations within their host response, emphasizing the vast complexity of the defense mechanisms in place to maintain gingival health.

Dataset Information

Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm-Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability.

Publications

Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm-Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability.

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