Dataset Information

Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis.

ABSTRACT: There is an urgent need for novel, efficient and environmentally friendly strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), for the purpose of reducing overall pesticide use. Fructans are recently emerging as promising "priming" compounds, standing out for their safety and low production costs. The objective of this work was to test a fructan-triggered defense in the leaves of apple seedlings. It was demonstrated that exogenous leaf spraying can reduce the development of apple scab disease symptoms. When evaluated macroscopically and by V. inaequalis-specific qPCR, levan-treated leaves showed a significant reduction of sporulation and V. inaequalis DNA in comparison to mock- and inulin-treated leaves, comparable to the levels in fosetyl-aluminum-treated leaves. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction of in vitro mycelial growth of V. inaequalis on plates supplemented with levans when compared to controls, indicating a direct inhibition of fungal growth. Variations in endogenous sugar contents in the leaves were followed during priming and subsequent infection, revealing complex dynamics as a function of time and leaf ontogeny. Our data are discussed in view of the present theories on sugar signaling and fructan-based immunity, identifying areas for future research and highlighting the potential use of fructans in apple scab management in orchards.

SUBMITTER: Svara A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7461573 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis.

Svara Anze A Tarkowski Łukasz Paweł ŁP Janse van Rensburg Henry Christopher HC Deleye Evelien E Vaerten Jarl J De Storme Nico N Keulemans Wannes W Van den Ende Wim W

International journal of molecular sciences 20200816 16

There is an urgent need for novel, efficient and environmentally friendly strategies to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), for the purpose of reducing overall pesticide use. Fructans are recently emerging as promising "priming" compounds, standing out for their safety and low production costs. The objective of this work was to test a fructan-triggered defense in the leaves of apple seedlings. It was demonstrated that exogenous leaf spraying can reduce the development of apple scab ...[more]

PMID: 32824325

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Project description:Freezing tolerance is a significant trait in plants that grow in cold environments and survive through the winter. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a cold-tolerant fruit tree, and the cold tolerance of its bark is important for its survival at low temperatures. However, little is known about the gene activity related to its freezing tolerance. To better understand the gene expression and regulation properties of freezing tolerance in dormant apple trees, we analyzed the transcriptomic divergences in the bark from 1-year-old branches of two apple cultivars, "Golden Delicious" (G) and "Jinhong" (H), which have different levels of cold resistance, under chilling and freezing treatments. "H" can safely overwinter below -30?°C in extremely low-temperature regions, whereas "G" experiences severe freezing damage and death in similar environments. Based on 28 bark transcriptomes (from the epidermis, phloem, and cambium) from 1-year-old branches under seven temperature treatments (from 4 to -29?°C), we identified 4173 and 7734 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in "G" and "H", respectively, between the chilling and freezing treatments. A gene coexpression network was constructed according to this expression information using weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and seven biologically meaningful coexpression modules were identified from the network. The expression profiles of the genes from these modules suggested the gene regulatory pathways that are responsible for the chilling and freezing stress responses of "G" and/or "H." Module 7 was probably related to freezing acclimation and freezing damage in "H" at the lower temperatures. This module contained more interconnected hub transcription factors (TFs) and cold-responsive genes (CORs). Modules 6 and 7 contained C-repeat binding factor (CBF) TFs, and many CBF-dependent homologs were identified as hub genes. We also found that some hub TFs had higher intramodular connectivity (KME) and gene significance (GS) than CBFs. Specifically, most hub TFs in modules 6 and 7 were activated at the beginning of the early freezing stress phase and maintained upregulated expression during the whole freezing stress period in "G" and "H". The upregulation of DEGs related to methionine and carbohydrate biosynthetic processes in "H" under more severe freezing stress supported the maintenance of homeostasis in the cellular membrane. This study improves our understanding of the transcriptional regulation patterns underlying freezing tolerance in the bark of apple branches.

Dataset Information

Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) to Venturia inaequalis.

Publications

Sweet Immunity: The Effect of Exogenous Fructans on the Susceptibility of Apple (<i>Malus × domestica</i> Borkh.) to <i>Venturia</i> <i>inaequalis</i>.

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