Epithelial Resurfacing: The Bronchial Skin Peel.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Shah PL
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7462398 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Epithelial Resurfacing: The Bronchial Skin Peel.
Shah Pallav L PL Orton Christopher C
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 20200901 5
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Project description:Respiratory epithelial cells are important for pulmonary innate immune responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (Tet2) has been implicated in the regulation of host defense by myeloid and lymphoid cells, but whether Tet2 also contributes to epithelial responses during pneumonia is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bronchial epithelial Tet2 in acute pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa To this end, we crossed mice with Tet2 flanked by two Lox-P sites (Tet2fl/fl mice) with mice expressing Cre recombinase under the bronchial epithelial cell-specific Cc10 promoter (Cc10Cre mice) to generate bronchial epithelial cell-specific Tet2-deficient (Tet2fl/fl Cc10Cre ) mice. Six hours after infection with P. aeruginosa,Tet2fl/fl Cc10Cre and wild-type mice had similar bacterial loads in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). At this time point, Tet2fl/fl Cc10Cre mice displayed reduced mRNA levels of the chemokines Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Ccl20 in bronchial brushes. However, Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Ccl20 protein levels and leukocyte recruitment in BALF were not different between groups. Tet2fl/fl Cc10Cre mice had increased protein levels in BALF after infection, indicating a disturbed epithelial barrier function, which was corroborated by reduced mRNA expression of tight junction protein 1 and occludin in bronchial brushes. Differences detected between Tet2fl/fl Cc10Cre and wild-type mice were no longer present at 24 h after infection. These results suggest that bronchial epithelial Tet2 contributes to maintaining epithelial integrity by enhancing intracellular connections between epithelial cells during the early phase of P. aeruginosa pneumonia.
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Project description:ImportanceDespite their great potential, medium and deep trichloroacetic acid peels are underused in light-skinned patients and are rarely used in darker-skinned patients because of the widespread fear of pigmentary complications and scarring. This concern has led many physicians to opt for the use of lighter types of peels (glycolic acid peel, Jessner peel, etc) and different lasers and intense light technologies. Trichloroacetic acid peels have been described in numerous publications. However, no study to date has described the precise technique and the practical pearls of a successful trichloroacetic acid peel approach in a clear, detailed, and reproducible manner.ObjectivesTo clarify a practical approach to a universal trichloroacetic acid peel and to offer novice and experienced facial plastic surgeons an organized, easy, and safe technique for medium and deep trichloroacetic acid peels.Design, setting, and participantsThis study was a case series of universal trichloroacetic acid peels in an academic setting. The study dates were January 1, 1996, to November 1, 2015.Main outcomes and methodsThis article discusses the preoperative evaluation for a chemical peel, a previously published genetico-racial skin classification, and the trichloroacetic acid peel technique, which aims at standardizing and controlling the application of the acid to improve results and lessen complications. The "strip" technique is described, which increases the physician's control over the peel depth.ResultsA total of 923 trichloroacetic acid peels in 803 female patients (87.0%) and 120 male patients (13.0%) were reviewed (mean age, 41.59 years). The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 13 years (mean, 13 months). This case series revealed a low incidence of complications, including 54 patients (5.9%) with persistent hyperpigmentation, 3 patients (0.3%) with mild telangiectasia, 2 patients (0.2%) with acute herpesvirus infection, 2 patients (0.2%) with bacterial Staphylococcus infection, and 1 patient (0.1%) with hypopigmentation.Conclusions and relevanceWhen properly applied, trichloroacetic acid peels are efficient and safe for light and dark skin. The technique can be an easily implementable addition to a physician's cosmetic practice.Level of evidence4.
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2012-04-18 | E-GEOD-33964 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Epithelial cells (EC) lining the most inner layers of secretory glands in Citrus peel are hypothesized to be the specialized cells that synthesize citrus essential oil. The major biosynthetic pathway(s) for essential oil are therefore postulated to be specifically and highly active in EC; transcripts that are involved in the pathway(s) are expected to be highly up-regulated in the cells as well. We performed cell-specific transcriptional analysis using GeneChip Citrus Genome Arrays to probe the global gene expression in EC during initial stage of essential oil biosynthesis and to identify groups of highly expressed genes in the EC.
2012-04-19 | GSE33964 | GEO
Project description:Recent advances in the management of cystic fibrosis (CF) target underlying defects in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, but efficacy analyses remain limited to specific genotype-based subgroups. Patient-derived model systems may therefore aid in expanding access to these drugs. Brushed human nasal epithelial cells (HNEs) are an attractive tissue source, but it remains unclear how faithfully they recapitulate human bronchial epithelial cell (HBE) CFTR activity. We examined this gap using paired, brushed HNE/HBE samples from pediatric CF subjects with a wide variety of CFTR mutations cultured at the air-liquid interface. Growth and structural characteristics for the two cell types were similar, including differentiation into mature respiratory epithelia. In electrophysiologic analysis, no correlation was identified between nasal and bronchial cultures in baseline resistance or epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity. Conversely, robust correlation was demonstrated between nasal and bronchial cultures in both stimulated and inhibited CFTR activity. There was close correlation in modulator-induced change in CFTR activity, and CFTR activity in both cell types correlated with in vivo sweat chloride measurements. These data confirm that brushed HNE cell cultures recapitulate the functional CFTR characteristics of HBEs with fidelity and are therefore an appropriate noninvasive HBE surrogate for individualized CFTR analysis.
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Project description:BackgroundAirway epithelial cells provide a protective barrier against environmental particles including potential pathogens. Epithelial repair in response to tissue damage is abnormal in asthmatic airway epithelium in comparison to the repair of normal epithelium after damage. The complex mechanisms coordinating the regulation of the processes involved in wound repair requires the phased expression of networks of genes. Small non-coding RNA molecules termed microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in such coordinated regulation of gene expression. We aimed to establish if the phased expression of specific miRNAs is correlated with the repair of mechanically induced damage to the epithelium.MethodsTo investigate the possible involvement of miRNA in epithelial repair, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles during epithelial repair in a cell culture model using TaqMan-based quantitative real-time PCR in a TaqMan Low Density Array format. The expression of 754 miRNA genes at seven time points in a 48-hour period during the wound repair process was profiled using the bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE14o- growing in monolayer.ResultsThe expression levels of numerous miRNAs were found to be altered during the wound repair process. These miRNA genes were clustered into 3 different patterns of expression that correlate with the further regulation of several biological pathways involved in wound repair. Moreover, it was observed that expression of some miRNA genes were significantly altered only at one time point, indicating their involvement in a specific stage of the epithelial wound repair.ConclusionsIn summary, miRNA expression is modulated during the normal repair processes in airway epithelium in vitro suggesting a potential role in regulation of wound repair.
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