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Validating prediction equations for mid-arm circumference measurements in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2012.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) requires choosing an appropriate BP cuff size. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to examine the validity of regression equations to predict mid-arm circumference (mid-AC) using 2001-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey height and weight data. METHODS:National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey uses a complex multistage probability sample design to represent the civilian, noninstitutionalized US resident population. The sample consisted of 29?745 participants aged 20 years and older. RESULTS:For both men and women, the correlations between the predicted and measured mid-AC values were as follows: r=0.91 and 0.92, P<0.001, respectively. For both sexes, the difference between the predicted and measured mid-AC mean values was less than 1.5?cm. The overall percent agreement for selecting the appropriate BP cuff, using the American Heart Association cuff size criteria and comparing the predicted mid-AC values with measured values, was 83.0% for men and 80.0% for women. The percent agreement for small adult cuff was 10.0% for men and 54.0% for women; for adult cuff it was 87.0% for men and 88.0% for women; for large adult cuff it was 82.0% for men and 80.0% for women; and for thigh cuff it was 84.0% for men and 74.0% for women. All agreement statistics were above chance (for men, ?=0.96, and Kendall's Tau-b=0.73; for women, ?=0.97, and Kendall's Tau-b=0.76). CONCLUSION:When possible, mid-AC should be directly measured for appropriate BP cuffing; however, the results of this validation study suggest that the prediction equations for mid-AC estimations were highly correlated and had an overall 80.0% agreement with measured mid-AC.

SUBMITTER: Nwankwo T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7470227 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Validating prediction equations for mid-arm circumference measurements in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2012.

Nwankwo Tatiana T Ostchega Yechiam Y Zhang Guangyu G Hughes Jeffery P JP

Blood pressure monitoring 20150601 3

<h4>Background</h4>Accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) requires choosing an appropriate BP cuff size.<h4>Objectives</h4>The objective of this study was to examine the validity of regression equations to predict mid-arm circumference (mid-AC) using 2001-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey height and weight data.<h4>Methods</h4>National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey uses a complex multistage probability sample design to represent the civilian, noninstitutionaliz ...[more]

PMID: 25647285

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Project description:IntroductionConsumption of added sugars (AS) has been associated with increased risk for liver disease and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to further understand the relationship of AS intake with liver enzymes and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults (n = 29,687) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2012.MethodsIndividual usual intake (IUI) of AS was estimated using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo ratio method using two days of 24-hour dietary recalls gathered using standardized protocols. Subjects were separated into six consumption groups: 0 to <5%, 5 to <10%, 10 to <15%, 15 to <20%, 20 to <25% and ≥25% of energy as added sugars. Linear and group trends were determined using regression analyses for liver enzymes, cardiovascular risk factors, weight parameters, glucose, metabolic syndrome, and C-reactive protein. Logistic regression calculated odds ratios for these biomarkers above established risk levels (p < 0.01).ResultsThere was an inverse group trend association with AS IUI for lower body mass index (beta = -0.12 kg/m2 across AS intake groups); % overweight/obese or % obese also showed inverse group trend (-1.44, -0.77, % units across AS intake groups, respectively). Liver enzymes did not show a significant association with AS IUI. Mean plasma glucose levels (mg/dL) showed an inverse linear (beta = -0.13 mg/dL per AS intake); and group association with energy from AS IUI (beta = -0.71mg/d L across AS intake groups). There was no association of AS intake with the risk of elevated uric acid levels; however, the odds of reduced uric acid levels was 17% lower with increasing intake of energy from AS IUI in group trend analysis only (0.83; 0.72-0.95 [99th CI]).ConclusionAlthough it is sensible to consume AS in moderation, results suggested that higher intakes of AS were not consistently associated with physiologic parameters. Since the data were cross-sectional, they cannot be used to assess cause and effect. Thus, additional studies are warranted to confirm these findings with more rigorous study designs.

Project description:Poor nutritional status in pregnancy expressed as low mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is associated with low birth weight. The study aims were to assess the nutritional status of pregnant Ethiopian women using MUAC and examine association with nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive factors, using baseline data of a prospective longitudinal observational birth cohort study conducted in three rural districts in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Recruitment into the cohort was rolling over a period of nine months, and the data used for this analysis were collected while the women were between 12-32 weeks of gestation. Detailed household socio-demographics, agricultural production, women's health, morbidity and diets, with weights, heights and MUAC, and anemia prevalence (HemoCue) were collected. The prevalence of low MUAC (< 23 cm) was 41%. Controlling for location and clustering, wealth quintile (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.82 to 0.96, p<0.01) was associated with decreased risk of low MUAC, while trimester (OR = 1.31, CI = 1.16 to 1.48, p<0.001) was associated with increased risk of low MUAC. The only significant factor amenable to nutrition-specific interventions was altitude-adjusted anemia, which was associated with increased risk of low MUAC (OR = 1.28, CI = 1.09 to 1.49, p<0.01). Significant factors amenable to nutrition-sensitive factors and associated with higher odds of low MUAC were household food insecurity (OR = 1.04, CI = 1.02 to 1.06, p<0.001), distance to the clinic in minutes (OR = 1.01, CI = 1.0 to 1.01, p<0.0001) and season of recruitment (lean versus non lean) (OR = 1.30, CI = 1.10 to 1.54, p<0.01). Literacy (OR = 0.85, CI = 0.74 to 0.98, p<0.05) and numeracy (OR = 0.75, CI = 0.62 to 0.91, p<0.01) were also significantly associated with lower odds of low MUAC. Poor nutritional status in pregnancy expressed as percent with low MUAC was high in Ethiopian women. It was associated with several nutrition-specific and -sensitive factors indicating the importance of multisectoral actions in improving outcomes within the first 1000 days.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Findings from studies of alcohol and obesity measures (eg, waist circumference [WC] and body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m2]) are conflicting. Residual confounding by dietary intake, inconsistent definitions of alcohol consumption across studies, and the inclusion of former drinkers in the nondrinking comparison group can contribute to the mixed literature. OBJECTIVE:This study examines associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with dietary intake, WC, and BMI. DESIGN:Cross-sectional data from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING:Adults 20 to 79 years of age (n=7,436 men; n=6,939 women) were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with energy (kcal), macronutrient and sugar intakes (% kcal), WC, and BMI were determined. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED:Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine associations of average daily volume and drinking quantity (ie, drinks per drinking day) with dietary intake and obesity measures. Former and never drinkers were analyzed as distinct categories; associations of drinking with WC and BMI were examined with and without adjustment for dietary intake variables. RESULTS:Heavier-drinking men (?3 drinks/day) and women (?2 drinks/day) consumed less nonalcoholic energy (? -252 kcal/day, 95% CI -346 to -159 kcal/day and ? -159 kcal/day, 95% CI -245 to -73 kcal/day, respectively) than moderate drinkers (1 to 2 drinks/day in men and 1 drink/day in women). By average daily drinking volume, differences in WC and BMI between former and moderate drinkers were +1.78 cm (95% CI 0.51 to 3.05 cm) and +0.65 (95% CI 0.12 to 1.18) in men and +4.67 cm (95% CI 2.95 to 6.39 cm) and +2.49 (95% CI 1.64 to 3.34) in women. Compared with moderate drinking, heavier drinking volume was not associated with WC or BMI among men or women. In men, drinking ?5 drinks/drinking day was associated with higher WC (? 3.48 cm, 95% CI 1.97 to 5.00 cm) and BMI (? 1.39, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.00) compared with men who consumed 1 to 2 drinks/drinking day. In women, WC and BMI were not significantly different for women drinking ?4 drinks/drinking day compared with 1 drink/drinking day. CONCLUSIONS:Differences in dietary intake across drinking subgroups and separation of former drinkers from nondrinkers should be considered in studies of alcohol intake in relation to WC and BMI.

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Validating prediction equations for mid-arm circumference measurements in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2012.

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Validating prediction equations for mid-arm circumference measurements in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2012.

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