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Architectural Grade Combined With Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) Predicts Recurrence and is Suitable for Stratifying Patients Who Might Be Eligible for Lung Sparing Surgery for Stage I Adenocarcinomas.

ABSTRACT: The spread through air spaces (STAS) has a main role in local recurrence of stage I lung adenocarcinomas (LAs), therefore its presence might question sublobar resection as a therapeutic option. The aim of our study was to evaluate the distribution of STAS in stage I LAs, to stratify patients according to local recurrence and to identify a group of patients who might be suitable for sublobar surgery. Patients resected with LA were included. The presence of STAS was recorded on hematoxylin eosin stained slides and clinicopathological data were obtained from medical charts. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were registered. Statistical methods included Kruskal-Wallis tests, Kaplan-Meier analyses, log-rank tests and Cox-regressions. 292 patients were included. STAS was identified in 38.7% and 95.7% of micropapillary carcinomas showed STAS. Significant correlation was found between STAS and high-grade patterns. Significant differences were found between OS and DFS estimates of STAS0 and STAS1 cases (5-y-OS: 80.0% vs. 68.4%; 5-y-DFS: 71.1% vs. 57.1%). The presence of STAS was associated with unfavorable prognosis in low and intermediate architectural grades, but not in high-grade. Multivariate analysis revealed that architectural grade (HR(OS):2.09; HR(DFS):1.52) and STAS (HR(OS):1.51; HR(DFS):1.48) were independent prognostic markers in stage I LA. Architectural grade combined with STAS was superior to other prognostic grades. The combination of architectural grade and STAS proved to be a prognostic factor that is superior to previously introduced grading systems. Patients having low and intermediate grade LAs without STAS might be eligible for sublobar resection.

SUBMITTER: Zombori T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7471099 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Architectural Grade Combined With Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) Predicts Recurrence and is Suitable for Stratifying Patients Who Might Be Eligible for Lung Sparing Surgery for Stage I Adenocarcinomas.

Zombori Tamás T Sejben Anita A Tiszlavicz László L Cserni Gábor G Pálföldi Regina R Csada Edit E Furák József J

Pathology oncology research : POR 20200620 4

The spread through air spaces (STAS) has a main role in local recurrence of stage I lung adenocarcinomas (LAs), therefore its presence might question sublobar resection as a therapeutic option. The aim of our study was to evaluate the distribution of STAS in stage I LAs, to stratify patients according to local recurrence and to identify a group of patients who might be suitable for sublobar surgery. Patients resected with LA were included. The presence of STAS was recorded on hematoxylin eosin s ...[more]

PMID: 32564261

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Project description:BackgroundSpread through air spaces (STAS) has recently been demonstrated to exhibit a negative impact on lung adenocarcinoma prognosis. However, most of these studies investigated STAS in nonmucinous adenocarcinoma. Here, we investigated the incidence of STAS in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung and evaluated whether tumor STAS was a risk factor of disease recurrence in IMA. We also examined clinicoradiologic factors in patients with IMA harboring STAS.MethodsWe reviewed pathologic specimens and imaging characteristics of primary tumors from 132 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for IMA to evaluate STAS. Patients with and without STAS were compared with respect to clinical characteristics as well as computed tomography (CT) imaging using logistic regression. The relationships between all variables including STAS and survival were analyzed.ResultsAmong a total of 132 patients, full pathologic specimens were available for 119 patients, and STAS was observed in 86 (72.3%). IMA patients with STAS were significantly associated with older age, presence of lobulated and spiculated margins on CT scan (P = 0.009, P = 0.006, and P = 0.027). In multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), STAS was a borderline independent poor prognostic predictor (P = 0.028). Older age, history of smoking, higher T stage, presence of lymph node metastasis, and consolidative morphologic type remained independent predictors for OS.ConclusionsSTAS was associated with reduced OS and was a borderline independent poor prognostic factor in IMA. IMA with STAS was associated with older age and presence of lobulated and spiculated margins on CT scan.Key pointsSIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: Compared with other subtypes, IMA shows a higher incidence of STAS, which is an independent poor prognostic predictor even in IMA. Lobulated and spiculated margins on CT are associated with STAS.What this study addsConsidering that STAS can carry the potential for aerogenous metastasis, predicting STAS using preoperative surrogate CT imaging is desirable to avoid limited resection.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Spread through air spaces (STAS) is a form of invasion wherein tumor cells extend beyond the tumor edge within the lung parenchyma. In lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), we investigated the (1) association between STAS and procedure-specific outcomes (sublobar resection and lobectomy), (2) effect of surgical margin-to-tumor diameter ratio in STAS-positive patients, and (3) potential utility of frozen sections (FSs) for detecting STAS intraoperatively. METHODS:We investigated 1497 patients who underwent lobectomy (n = 970) or sublobar resection (n = 527) for T1N0M0 lung ADC after propensity score matching. Outcomes were analyzed by using a competing risks approach. The effect of margin-to-tumor ratio on recurrence pattern (locoregional and distant) was investigated in patients who underwent sublobar resection. Five pathologists evaluated the feasibility of intraoperatively identifying STAS by using FSs (sensitivity, specificity, and interrater reliability). RESULTS:On multivariable analysis after propensity score matching (349 pairs/procedure), sublobar resection was significantly associated with recurrence (subhazard ratio = 2.84 [p < 0.001]) and lung cancer-specific death (subhazard ratio = 2.63 [p = 0.021]) in patients with STAS but not in those without STAS. Patients with STAS who underwent sublobar resection had a higher risk of locoregional recurrence regardless of margin-to-tumor ratio (for a margin-to-tumor ratio of ?1 versus <1, the 5-year cumulative incidence of recurrence rates were 16% and 25%, respectively); among patients without STAS, locoregional recurrences occurred in patients with margin-to-tumor ratio lower than 1 (a 5-year cumulative incidence of recurrence rate of 7%). The sensitivity and specificity for detecting STAS by use of FSs were 71% and 92%, with substantial interrater reliability (Gwet's AC1, 0.67). CONCLUSIONS:In patients with T1 lung ADC with STAS, lobectomy was associated with better outcomes than sublobar resection was. Pathologists can recognize STAS on FSs.

Dataset Information

Architectural Grade Combined With Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) Predicts Recurrence and is Suitable for Stratifying Patients Who Might Be Eligible for Lung Sparing Surgery for Stage I Adenocarcinomas.

Publications

Architectural Grade Combined With Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) Predicts Recurrence and is Suitable for Stratifying Patients Who Might Be Eligible for Lung Sparing Surgery for Stage I Adenocarcinomas.

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