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Early childhood and adolescent risk factors for psychotic depression in a general population birth cohort sample.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In the group of severe mental disorders, psychotic depression (PD) is essentially under-researched. Knowledge about the risk factors is scarce and this applies especially to early risk factors. Our aim was to study early childhood and adolescent risk factors of PD in a representative birth cohort sample with a follow-up of up to 50 years. METHODS:The study was carried out using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC 1966). We used non-psychotic depression (NPD) (n?=?746), schizophrenia (SZ) (n?=?195), psychotic bipolar disorder (PBD) (n?=?27), other psychoses (PNOS) (n?=?136) and healthy controls (HC) (n?=?8200) as comparison groups for PD (n?=?58). We analysed several potential early risk factors from time of birth until the age of 16 years. RESULTS:The main finding was that parents' psychiatric illness [HR 3.59 (1.84-7.04)] was a risk factor and a high sports grade in school was a protective factor [HR 0.29 (0.11-0.73)] for PD also after adjusting for covariates in the multivariate Cox regression model. Parental psychotic illness was an especially strong risk factor for PD. The PD subjects had a parent with psychiatric illness significantly more often (p?

SUBMITTER: Nietola M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7471190 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early childhood and adolescent risk factors for psychotic depression in a general population birth cohort sample.

Nietola Miika M Huovinen Hanna H Heiskala Anni A Nordström Tanja T Miettunen Jouko J Korkeila Jyrki J Jääskeläinen Erika E

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 20200213 9

<h4>Background and purpose</h4>In the group of severe mental disorders, psychotic depression (PD) is essentially under-researched. Knowledge about the risk factors is scarce and this applies especially to early risk factors. Our aim was to study early childhood and adolescent risk factors of PD in a representative birth cohort sample with a follow-up of up to 50 years.<h4>Methods</h4>The study was carried out using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC 1966). We used non-psychotic depress ...[more]

PMID: 32055894

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Project description:BackgroundDepression is the leading cause of disability worldwide with > 50% of cases emerging before the age of 25 years. Large-scale neuroimaging studies in depression implicate robust structural brain differences in the disorder. However, most studies have been conducted in adults and therefore, the temporal origins of depression-related imaging features remain largely unknown. This has important implications for understanding aetiology and informing timings of potential intervention.MethodsHere, we examine associations between brain structure (cortical metrics and white matter microstructural integrity) and depression ratings (from caregiver and child), in a large sample (N = 8634) of early adolescents (9 to 11 years old) from the US-based, Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study®. Data was collected from 2016 to 2018.FindingsWe report significantly decreased global cortical and white matter metrics, and regionally in frontal, limbic and temporal areas in adolescent depression (Cohen's d = -0⋅018 to -0⋅041, β = -0·019 to -0⋅057). Further, we report consistently stronger imaging associations for caregiver-reported compared to child-reported depression ratings. Divergences between reports (caregiver vs child) were found to significantly relate to negative socio-environmental factors (e.g., family conflict, absolute β = 0⋅048 to 0⋅169).InterpretationDepression ratings in early adolescence were associated with similar imaging findings to those seen in adult depression samples, suggesting neuroanatomical abnormalities may be present early in the disease course, arguing for the importance of early intervention. Associations between socio-environmental factors and reporter discrepancy warrant further consideration, both in the wider context of the assessment of adolescent psychopathology, and in relation to their role in aetiology.FundingWellcome Trust (References: 104036/Z/14/Z and 220857/Z/20/Z) and the Medical Research Council (MRC, Reference: MC_PC_17209).

Dataset Information

Early childhood and adolescent risk factors for psychotic depression in a general population birth cohort sample.

Publications

Early childhood and adolescent risk factors for psychotic depression in a general population birth cohort sample.

Similar Datasets

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