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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors.

ABSTRACT: Carbon-based supercapacitors have aroused ever-increasing attention in the energy storage field due to high conductivity, chemical stability, and large surface area of the investigated carbon active materials. Herein, eucalyptus-derived nitrogen/oxygen doped hierarchical porous carbons (NHPCs) are prepared by the synergistic action of the ZnCl₂ activation and the NH₄Cl blowing. They feature superiorities such as high specific surface area, rational porosity, and sufficient N/O doping. These excellent physicochemical characteristics endow them excellent electrochemical performances in supercapacitors: 359 F g^-1 at 0.5 A g^-1 in a three-electrode system and 234 F g^-1 at 0.5 A g^-1 in a two-electrode system, and a high energy density of 48 Wh kg^-1 at a power density of 750 W kg^-1 accompanied by high durability of 92% capacitance retention through 10,000 cycles test at a high current density of 10 A g^-1 in an organic electrolyte. This low-cost and facile strategy provides a novel route to transform biomass into high value-added electrode materials in energy storage fields.

SUBMITTER: Wen Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7471285 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors.

Wen Yanliang Y Chi Liang L Wenelska Karolina K Wen Xin X Chen Xuecheng X Mijowska Ewa E

Scientific reports 20200903 1

Carbon-based supercapacitors have aroused ever-increasing attention in the energy storage field due to high conductivity, chemical stability, and large surface area of the investigated carbon active materials. Herein, eucalyptus-derived nitrogen/oxygen doped hierarchical porous carbons (NHPCs) are prepared by the synergistic action of the ZnCl<sub>2</sub> activation and the NH<sub>4</sub>Cl blowing. They feature superiorities such as high specific surface area, rational porosity, and sufficient ...[more]

PMID: 32884107

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Project description:Two novel carbons (MCs) derived from moxa floss of different storage years have been prepared by two low-cost and facile approaches, which are hydrothermal carbonization at a low temperature (200 °C) and direct pyrolysis at a moderate temperature (500 °C) followed by potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation strategy at a high temperature (800 °C), respectively. The physicochemical properties of MCs are investigated by Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. Results show that MCs derived from moxa floss of different storage years by two facile approaches possess different morphologies: MCs by hydrothermal carbonization (denoted as MC-1, MC-2 and MC-3) exhibit porous nanosheet structures, the highest specific surface area is about 1788.6 m2 g-1, and the largest total pore volumes is around 0.8170 cm3 g-1, while MCs by direct pyrolysis (denoted as MC-4, MC-5 and MC-6) have basically blocky and rod-like morphologies, the highest specific surface area is about 1628.0 m2 g-1, and the largest total pore volume is around 0.7058 cm3 g-1. However, despite the different morphologies, all MCs possess a similar hierarchical porous structure, numerous heteroatom groups and good electrical conductivity. Therefore, these low-cost, biomass-derived porous carbons with promising capacitive performance are used for supercapacitors application with high performance, for example, the as-assembled supercapacitor based on MC-5 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 288.3 F g-1 at 0.25 A g-1, an excellent rate performance of 243.5 F g-1 even at 30 A g-1 with 84.5% capacitance retention of its initial specific capacitance, and an outstanding long-term cycling stability with 98.7% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g-1. Furthermore, the maximum energy density for these supercapacitors with an aqueous electrolyte in a two-electrode system is about 10.0 W h kg-1 at a power density of 70.3 W kg-1. Therefore, this work opens up a whole new field for the applications of moxa floss and this novel concept of moxa floss use is an extremely promising strategy for developing high-performance carbons with porous structures and heteroatom-doping from renewable sources.

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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors.

Publications

Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors.

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