Dataset Information

Effects of Different Doses of Eucalyptus Oil From Eucalyptus globulus Labill on Respiratory Tract Immunity and Immune Function in Healthy Rats.

ABSTRACT: Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole), the major constituent of eucalyptus oil (EO), was used in traditional medicine as a remedy for colds and bronchitis. This study aimed at clarifying the effect of eucalyptol on respiratory immune function of CD8 and CD4 cells, and alveolar macrophages (AM). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental and control groups. The drug was given once a day for 3 weeks and the experimental group was divided according to the eucalyptol dose into: 30, 100, and 300 mg·kg-1 groups. Flow cytometry was used to detect the phagocytic function of CD4, CD8 cells, and AM in the bronchopulmonary lavage fluid. The 30 and 100 mg·kg-1 groups had an up-regulation effect on CD8 (p < 0.05), with no significant effect on macrophage phagocytosis. The 300 mg·kg-1 group had an inhibitory effect on CD8 and macrophage phagocytosis (p < 0.05), with no significant difference in CD4 between groups. Further investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of EO on immune function in rats by detecting blood T, B, and NK cells using flow cytometry, and blood IgA, IgG, IgM, and IFN-? levels by ELISA. High dosage of eucalyptol significantly reduced the proportion of blood B and NK cells (p < 0.05). IgA was decreased in the 100 and 300 mg·kg-1 groups (p < 0.05). There are no significant differences between the number of T cells and the IgG, IgM, and IFN-? levels between experimental and control groups. Rational use of EO containing eucalyptol can improve the immune function of the respiratory tract and the body immunity, while high dose could have damaging effects, through modifying the phagocytic function of CD8 cells and reducing the proportion of blood B cells, NK cells, and IgA.

SUBMITTER: Shao J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7472567 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Different Doses of Eucalyptus Oil From <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> Labill on Respiratory Tract Immunity and Immune Function in Healthy Rats.

Shao Jie J Yin Zhenjie Z Wang Yaqin Y Yang Yudong Y Tang Qing Q Zhang Mingming M Jiao Jieying J Liu Chengjie C Yang Mingfang M Zhen Lifang L Hassouna Amira A White William Lindsey WL Lu Jun J

Frontiers in pharmacology 20200821

Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole), the major constituent of eucalyptus oil (EO), was used in traditional medicine as a remedy for colds and bronchitis. This study aimed at clarifying the effect of eucalyptol on respiratory immune function of CD8 and CD4 cells, and alveolar macrophages (AM). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental and control groups. The drug was given once a day for 3 weeks and the experimental group was divided according to the eucalyptol dose into: 30, 100, and 3 ...[more]

PMID: 32973518

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Eucalyptus globulus and its hybrids are very important for the cellulose and paper industry mainly due to their low lignin content and frost resistance. However, rooting of cuttings of this species is recalcitrant and exogenous auxin application is often necessary for good root development. To date one of the most accurate methods available for gene expression analysis is quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR); however, reliable use of this technique requires reference genes for normalization. There is no single reference gene that can be regarded as universal for all experiments and biological materials. Thus, the identification of reliable reference genes must be done for every species and experimental approach. The present study aimed at identifying suitable control genes for normalization of gene expression associated with adventitious rooting in E. globulus microcuttings. RESULTS: By the use of two distinct algorithms, geNorm and NormFinder, we have assessed gene expression stability of eleven candidate reference genes in E. globulus: 18S, ACT2, EF2, EUC12, H2B, IDH, SAND, TIP41, TUA, UBI and 33380. The candidate reference genes were evaluated in microccuttings rooted in vitro, in presence or absence of auxin, along six time-points spanning the process of adventitious rooting. Overall, the stability profiles of these genes determined with each one of the algorithms were very similar. Slight differences were observed in the most stable pair of genes indicated by each program: IDH and SAND for geNorm, and H2B and TUA for NormFinder. Both programs identified UBI and 18S as the most variable genes. To validate these results and select the most suitable reference genes, the expression profile of the ARGONAUTE1 gene was evaluated in relation to the most stable candidate genes indicated by each algorithm. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that expression stability varied between putative reference genes tested in E. globulus. Based on the AGO1 relative expression profile obtained using the genes suggested by the algorithms, H2B and TUA were considered as the most suitable reference genes for expression studies in E. globulus adventitious rooting. UBI and 18S were unsuitable for use as controls in qPCR related to this process. These findings will enable more accurate and reliable normalization of qPCR results for gene expression studies in this economically important woody plant, particularly related to rooting and clonal propagation.

Project description:Background: Air pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world, and it is generated by industrial production, vehicular flow and use of fossil fuels, leaving aside other important emission sources such as vegetation. The aim of this research is to quantify the emissions of natural volatile organic compounds produced by the forest species: Eucalyptus globulus L., Pinus radiata and Alnus acuminata in Riobamba, Ecuador. Methods: Identification of plant coverings in the years 2014 and 2017was performed using geographic information systems tools, complemented with the application of the Guenther model for the calculation of monoterpenes and other organic volatile compounds; thus, to analyze the relationship between meteorological variables and concentrations of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen dioxide per species. Results: Mathematical calculation of emissions in Riobamba showed that Eucalyptus globulus L. registered higher emissions in the years 2014-2017, followed by Pinus radiata and Alnus acuminata. These emissions are due to the vegetation cover covering each species. The analysis of volatile organic compounds in forest plantations in air is directly related to the emissions represented in the environment and correlated with the meteorological variables of temperature, global solar radiation and wind velocity. The proposed method manages to estimate concentrations of monoterpenes and volatile organic compounds for the two examined seasons, presenting the influence of the species introduced in this study such as Eucalyptus globulus L. and Pinus radiata, with a reduction in their emissions (less area found in the year 2017, with respect to 2014). However, the emission of Alnus acuminata can be quantified only in 2017, since in 2014 no records of this species were found. Conclusions: Volatile organic compound concentrations in the air are directly related to the emissions represented spatially and correlated with the meteorological variables of temperature, global solar radiation and wind velocity.

Project description:Inflammation is the core contributor in the pathogenesis of various acute and chronic illness including appendicitis, bronchitis, arthritis, cancer and neurological diseases. NSAIDs, commonly used medications for inflammatory diseases, on prolonged use cause GI bleeding, ulcers and many more issues. Plant-based therapeutic agents including essential oils in combination with low-dose synthetic drugs have been shown to produce synergistic effects and reduce complications of synthetic drugs. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic properties of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil alone and in combination with flurbiprofen. GC-MS analysis was performed to screen chemical composition of oil. In vitro anti-inflammatory assay (membrane stabilization assay) and in vivo inflammatory acute (carrageenan and histamine-induced paw oedema) and chronic (cotton pellet-induced granuloma and Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis) models were performed to check anti-inflammatory properties. Acetic acid-induced algesia and yeast-induced pyrexia models were performed to check analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. qRT-PCR was performed to study the effect of treatments on the expression of inflammatory biomarkers. GC-MS analysis of E. globulus essential oil showed the presence of eucalyptol along with other active biomolecules. 500 + 10 mg/kg of oil-drug combination showed significantly (p < 0.05) better in vitro membrane stabilization effects as compared with groups treated with 500 mg/kg of E. globulus oil and 10 mg/kg of Flurbiprofen alone. 500 + 10 mg/kg of oil-drug combination showed significantly (p < 0.05) better anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects as compared to 500 mg/kg of E. globulus oil alone in all in vivo models. When comparison was done between 500 + 10 mg/kg of oil-drug combination-treated and 10 mg/kg Flurbiprofen-treated group, the former group showed significantly (p < 0.05) better anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects, but there were non-significant differences in the analgesic model. Animal group treated with 10 mg/kg of Flurbiprofen showed significantly (p < 0.05) better anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects than group treated with 500 mg/kg of oil alone while, there were non-significant differences in anti-pyretic effects. qRT-PCR analysis showed significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation in the expression of IL-4 and TNF-α in serum samples of animals treated with 500 + 10 mg/kg of oil-drug combination as compared to the diseased control (arthritic) group. Overall, the current research demonstrates that Eucalyptus globulus essential oil in combination with flurbiprofen showed better anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic effects than oil and flurbiprofen alone which is attributed to the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-4 and TNF-α). Further studies are required to formulate a stable dosage form and to check the anti-inflammatory efficacy in different inflammatory disorders.

Dataset Information

Effects of Different Doses of Eucalyptus Oil From Eucalyptus globulus Labill on Respiratory Tract Immunity and Immune Function in Healthy Rats.

Publications

Effects of Different Doses of Eucalyptus Oil From <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i> Labill on Respiratory Tract Immunity and Immune Function in Healthy Rats.

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