Dataset Information

Weber Texture Local Descriptor for Identification of Group-Housed Pigs.

ABSTRACT: The individual identification of group-housed pigs plays an important role in breeding process management and individual behavior analysis. Recently, livestock identification methods based on the side view or face image have strict requirements on the position and posture of livestock, which poses a challenge for the application of the monitoring scene of group-housed pigs. To address the issue above, a Weber texture local descriptor (WTLD) is proposed for the identification of group-housed pigs by extracting the local features of back hair, skin texture, spots, and so on. By calculating the differential excitation and multi-directional information of pixels, the local structure features of the main direction are fused to enhance the description ability of features. The experimental results show that the proposed WTLD achieves higher recognition rates with a lower feature dimension. This method can identify pig individuals with different positions and postures in the pig house. Without limitations on pig movement, this method can facilitate the identification of individual pigs with greater convenience and universality.

SUBMITTER: Huang W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7472621 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Weber Texture Local Descriptor for Identification of Group-Housed Pigs.

Huang Weijia W Zhu Weixing W Ma Changhua C Guo Yizheng Y

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20200818 16

The individual identification of group-housed pigs plays an important role in breeding process management and individual behavior analysis. Recently, livestock identification methods based on the side view or face image have strict requirements on the position and posture of livestock, which poses a challenge for the application of the monitoring scene of group-housed pigs. To address the issue above, a Weber texture local descriptor (WTLD) is proposed for the identification of group-housed pigs ...[more]

PMID: 32824819

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Project description:Poor health is a risk factor for damaging behaviors, but the mechanisms behind this link are unknown. Injection of pigs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can be used to model aspects of poor health. Recent studies have shown that LPS-injected pigs perform more tail- and ear-directed behavior compared to saline-injected pigs and suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in these behaviors. The aims of this study were to test the effect of LPS on the social behavior of pigs and the neurotransmitters and modulators in their brains and to test the effect of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug on the effects of LPS. Fifty-two female pigs (11-12 weeks) were allocated to four treatments comprising two injections: saline-saline (SS), saline-LPS (SL), ketoprofen-saline (KS), and ketoprofen-LPS (KL). Activity was scan-sampled every 5 min for 6 h after the last injection in the pen. Social behavior was observed continuously in 10 × 15-min bouts between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. 1 day before (baseline) and 1 and 2 days after the injection. Saliva was analyzed for cortisol and plasma for tryptophan and kynurenine. The frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and brain stem were sampled 72 h after the injection and analyzed for cytokines and monoamines. LPS activated the HPA axis and decreased the activity within 6 h after the injection. Ketoprofen lowered the effect of LPS on cortisol release and attenuated the behavioral signs of sickness in challenged pigs. SL pigs manipulated the ears of their pen mates significantly longer than SS pigs 2 days after the injection. LPS had no observed effect on IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-18. At 72 h after the injection, plasma tryptophan was depleted in SL pigs, and tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations in the frontal cortex and brain stem of SL pigs were significantly lower compared to those in SS pigs. Dopamine concentrations in the hypothalamus of SL pigs were significantly lower compared to those in SS pigs. Serotonin concentrations in the hypothalamus and noradrenaline concentrations in the hippocampus of SL pigs were significantly lower compared to those in KL pigs. In conclusion, LPS influenced the different neurotransmitters and modulators in the brain that are hypothesized to play an important role in the regulation of mood and behavior.

Project description:Mixing of pigs into new social groups commonly induces aggressive interactions that result in skin lesions on the body of the animals. The relationship between skin lesions and aggressive behavioral interactions in group-housed pigs can be analyzed within the framework of social genetic effects (SGE). This study incorporates the quantification of aggressive interactions between pairs of animals in the modeling of SGE for skin lesions in different regions of the body in growing pigs. The dataset included 792 pigs housed in 59 pens. Skin lesions in the anterior, central, and caudal regions of the body were counted 24 h after pig mixing. Animals were video-recorded for 9 h postmixing and trained observers recorded the type and duration of aggressive interactions between pairs of animals. The number of seconds that pairs of pigs spent engaged in reciprocal fights and unilateral attack behaviors were used to parametrize the intensity of social interactions (ISI). Three types of models were fitted: direct genetic additive model (DGE), traditional social genetic effect model (TSGE) assuming uniform interactions between dyads, and an intensity-based social genetic effect model (ISGE) that used ISI to parameterize SGE. All models included fixed effects of sex, replicate, lesion scorer, weight at mixing, premixing lesion count, and the total time that the animal spent engaged in aggressive interactions (reciprocal fights and unilateral attack behaviors) as a covariate; a random effect of pen; and a random direct genetic effect. The ISGE models recovered more direct genetic variance than DGE and TSGE, and the estimated heritabilities (h^D2) were highest for all traits (P < 0.01) for the ISGE with ISI parametrized with unilateral attack behavior. The TSGE produced estimates that did not differ significantly from DGE (P > 0.5). Incorporating the ISI into ISGE, even in a small dataset, allowed separate estimation of the genetic parameters for direct and SGE, as well as the genetic correlation between direct and SGE (r^ds), which was positive for all lesion traits. The estimates from ISGE suggest that if behavioral observations are available, selection incorporating SGE may reduce the consequences of aggressive behaviors after mixing pigs.

Dataset Information

Weber Texture Local Descriptor for Identification of Group-Housed Pigs.

Publications

Weber Texture Local Descriptor for Identification of Group-Housed Pigs.

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