Biting the travel bullet: A motivated reasoning perspective on traveling during a pandemic.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sembada AY
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7476898 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Biting the travel bullet: A motivated reasoning perspective on traveling during a pandemic.
Sembada Agung Y AY Kalantari Hassan D HD
Annals of tourism research 20200908
Similar Datasets
Project description:The impact that COVID-19 had on individuals globally has been immense. Our study aims to determine if the various COVID-19 related beliefs (information seeking; invulnerability; disruption; health importance and response effectiveness) are predictors of perceived stress and if self-efficacy acts as a mediator in reducing perceived COVID-19 related stress. From a large sample of 23,629, data were assessed using validated multi-item measures for seven COVID-19 related beliefs, self-efficacy and perceived stress. After conducting a series of tests and checks via Confirmatory Factor Analyses, linear modelling and mediation analyses with bootstrapping were applied to test direct and mediation hypotheses. It is found that stress perception is most strongly affected by self-efficacy and perceived disruption. Except for information seeking, which positively affected perceived stress, self-efficacy partially mediates all other COVID-19 related beliefs (perceptions of disruption, health importance and response effectiveness) in conjunction with their direct effects. Only perceived invulnerability elicited opposite effects on stress, increasing stress directly but decreasing stress indirectly by increasing self-efficacy. This finding gives reason to believe that individuals may disclose that they are less vulnerable to COVID-19, fostering their self-efficacy, but still accept that stressing factors such as economic and social consequences apply. Overall, reinforcing self-efficacy was carved out as the most important resilience factor against perceiving high levels of stress. On this basis, implications for research and practice are provided.
| S-EPMC8797252 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn Sweden, 2,296,000 firearms were legally owned by private persons in 2017 and there were 150,000 persons living with a dementia diagnosis. A proportion of these persons owning a firearm may pose safety concerns.ObjectiveThe aim was to describe firearm ownership in persons with dementia in Sweden and examine which characteristics are explaining physicians' decision to report a person to the police as unsuitable to possess a firearm.MethodsThis was a registry-based observational study. 65,717 persons with dementia registered in the Swedish Dementia Registry were included in the study. Logistic regression was used to evaluate which of the persons' characteristics were most important in predicting the likelihood of being reported as unsuitable to possess a firearm. Relative importance of predictors was quantified using standardized coefficients (SC) and dominance analysis (DA).ResultsOut of 53,384 persons with dementia, 1,823 owned a firearm and 419 were reported to the police as unsuitable owners. Firearm owners were predominantly younger, males, living alone, and without assistance of homecare. The most important predictors of being reported to the police were: living with another person (SC = 0.23), frontotemporal dementia (SC = 0.18), antipsychotics prescription (SC = 0.18), being diagnosed in a memory/cognitive clinic (SC = -0.27), female gender (SC = 0.18), mild (SC = -0.25) and moderate (SC = -0.21) dementia, and hypnotics prescription (SC = 0.17).ConclusionFirearm owners with dementia were mostly younger males who were still living more independent lives. The decision to remove a weapon was not solely based on a diagnosis of dementia but a combination of factors was considered.
| S-EPMC8203223 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8499887 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We document the magnitudes of and mechanisms behind socioeconomic differences in travel behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on King County, Washington, one of the first places in North America where COVID-19 was detected. We leverage novel and rich administrative and survey data on travel volumes, modes, and preferences for different demographic groups. Large average declines in travel and public transit use due to the pandemic and related policy responses mask substantial heterogeneity across socioeconomic groups. Travel declined considerably less among less-educated and lower-income individuals, even after accounting for mode substitution and variation across neighborhoods in the impacts of public transit service reductions. As policy became less restrictive and travel increased, the size of the socioeconomic gap in travel behavior remained stable, and remote work capabilities became increasingly important in explaining this gap. Our results imply that disparities in travel behavior across socioeconomic groups may become an enduring feature of the urban landscape.
| S-EPMC8251298 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study explored how university students remained motivated to learn, despite all the limitations they encountered and endured during the COVID-19 pandemic. This work was carried out in Indonesia, but the benefits are beyond a state boundary. The study examines how university students in developing countries have faced obstacles, and yet despite this, they are still trying their hardest to stay focused on achieving their personal goals during the pandemic. This research employed a qualitative phenomenological approach, involving eighty students that were studying at the Faculty of Education at a state university in Jakarta, Indonesia. As data collection techniques, students were asked to write learning log diaries and reflective essays and to participate in an online focus group discussion. The results showed that the students' motivation to remain learning during the COVID-19 pandemic fell into three key themes, each with associated sub-themes. The three themes and sub-themes described were: (a) personal, with sub-themes of challenge, curiosity, self-determination, satisfaction and religious commitment; (b) social, with sub-themes of relationships, inspiration, and well-being of self and others; and (c) environmental, with sub-themes of facilities and conditioning. The themes and sub-themes indicate the source of motivation for these university students to learn during the pandemic. This study concluded that these emerging adults were both intrinsically and extrinsically autonomously motivated and committed to their studies. Most of these students were motivated by their consequential aspirations, not by a controlled motivation, nor were they motivated by a reward, a penalty, or a rule that propelled them. By defining how the students managed to empower themselves, this study recommends the importance of preparing students to be more resilient and to enable them to cultivate the ability to remain optimistic and motivated to succeed and overcome any of life's adversities.
| S-EPMC7725050 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:Cognitive integration from multiple disciplines is essential to clinical problem-solving. Because it is not directly observable, demonstrating evidence of learners' cognitive integration remains a challenge. In addition, little is known about preclinical medical students' approach to diagnostic reasoning despite widespread implementation of clinical reasoning curricula for these early learners. The objectives of this study were to characterize how first-year medical students integrated knowledge to problem-solve during a simulated viral pandemic and to characterize students' diagnostic reasoning approach to this clinical scenario. Materials and Methods:Student teams analyzed clinical data to formulate hypotheses for the pandemic's source and submitted reports justifying their hypotheses and treatment recommendations. A content analysis on students' reports identified codes and themes characterizing the learning content integrated and students' approaches to diagnostic reasoning tasks. Results:Sixteen problem-solving codes were identified, demonstrating integration of new and previously encountered content from multiple disciplines. A compare-contrast analytical approach was the most commonly employed diagnostic reasoning approach (100%), with a smaller subset of teams also using a causal approach (20%). Discussion:Content analysis of preclinical students' diagnostic justification tasks provided insights into their approach to diagnostic reasoning, which was most consistent with the search-inference framework rather than a causal approach, likely due to limited pathophysiological knowledge at that point in training. Conclusions:Evidence of cognitive integration can be made explicit through learners' narrative justification of diagnostic reasoning tasks. Preclinical students' diagnostic reasoning development has implications for curricular design and implementation for this learner group.
| S-EPMC7202796 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3204626 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study explored the willingness and purchase of travel insurance during the COVID-19 pandemic amongst working adults to ensure their safety and welfare through the lens of the theory of planned behavior. Primary data were gathered from 1,118 working adults across Malaysia and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling. The study outcomes revealed that attitude toward travel insurance was significantly influenced by insurance literacy, perceived health risk, and health consciousness. The willingness of working adults to purchase travel insurance was highly influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls but unaffected by perceived product risks. The purchase of travel insurance was positively influenced by the willingness to purchase travel insurance. In fact, travel insurance literacy and perceived health risk should be emphasized amongst working adults to encourage them to purchase travel insurance policies for traveling abroad.
| S-EPMC9291636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many medical providers have turned to telemedicine as an alternative method to provide ambulatory patient care. Perspectives of endocrine surgery patients regarding this mode of healthcare delivery remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the opinions and perspectives of endocrine surgery patients regarding telemedicine. Methods The first 100 adult patients who had their initial telemedicine appointment with two endocrine surgeons were contacted at the conclusion of their visit. The survey administered assessed satisfaction with telemedicine, the provider, and whether attire or video background played a role in their perception of the quality of care received using a 5-point Likert scale. Differences in responses between new and returning patients were also evaluated. Results Telemedicine endocrine surgery patients stated excellent satisfaction with their visit (4.89 out of 5) and their provider (4.96 out of 5). While there was less consensus that telemedicine was equivalent to in-person or face-to face clinic visits (4.15 out of 5), patients would recommend a telemedicine visit to others and most agreed that this modality made it easier to obtain healthcare (4.7 out of 5). Attire of the provider and video background did not influence patient opinion in regard to the quality of care they received. Returning patients were more likely to be satisfied with this modality (4.94 vs 4.73, p = 0.02) compared to new patients. Conclusion This study shows that telemedicine does not compromise patient satisfaction or healthcare delivery for patients and is a viable clinic option for endocrine surgery.
| S-EPMC8712268 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a rapid and expansive roll out of telehealth applications as a mode of intervention delivery. The effectiveness of this model of care is currently unclear.ObjectiveA cross-sectional observational study evaluating the Irish physiotherapist's experience of telehealth.MethodIrish Physiotherapists completed an online survey, distributed by the Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists (ISCP), exploring considerations and barriers to commencing telehealth, advantages and disadvantages to telehealth, overall experience of telehealth, and their opinion on the future of telehealth. A descriptive approach and conceptual content analysis were used to analysis the data to derive determinants for the continuation of telehealth.ResultsIn total, 205 physiotherapists completed the survey. Seventy-eight per cent were female. Participant's mean age range was 36 to 45 years with 17 years of physiotherapy experience. Eighty-three per cent had no experience with telehealth pre COVID-19. Considerations to commencing telehealth included service user's suitability, adequate technical and organisational resources, physiotherapist's professional conduct, physiotherapist's skills and COVID-19 restrictions. No outstanding barrier to telehealth was identified. Respondents identify that telehealth offered a reduction in travel time for the service user (82%), offer flexibility in the delivery of physiotherapy (81%) and avoid contact with a potential COVID-19 spreader (92%). The limited scope of the physical examination (86%) via telehealth is the significant disadvantage. Telehealth is considered a temporary stop-gap during the COVID-19 pandemic by forty per cent of physiotherapists while sixty per cent consider telehealth as a sustainable alternative mode of health care delivery.ConclusionAt present, health care providers have not universally accepted telehealth as a mode of health care delivery. Our study's findings identify key areas to address to encourage acceptance.
| S-EPMC8503965 | biostudies-literature