Association of glucose tolerance status with pancreatic ?- and ?-cell mass in community-based autopsy samples of Japanese individuals: The Hisayama Study.

ABSTRACT: AIMS/INTRODUCTION:Changes in histologically quantified ?- and ?-cell mass during the development of glucose intolerance have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to explore differences in ?- and ?-cell mass according to the glucose tolerance status. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Autopsy samples from a total of 103 individuals (40 with normal glucose tolerance, 31 with prediabetes and 32 with type 2 diabetes mellitus) who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test within 5 years before death were selected from 643 community-based autopsy samples collected from 2002 to 2016. Fractional ?-cell area (BCA) and ?-cell area were quantified with Image Pro Plus software. Associations of BCA and ?-cell area with glucose tolerance status were assessed using a linear regression analysis, and Spearman's correlation coefficients between glycemic markers and ?-cell function were estimated. RESULTS:The mean values of BCA decreased significantly with worsening glucose tolerance status (mean ± standard error 1.85 ± 0.10% in normal glucose tolerance, 1.59 ± 0.11% in prediabetes and 1.17 ± 0.11% in type 2 diabetes mellitus, P for trend < 0.001), whereas there was no significant association between ?-cell area and glucose tolerance status. BCA was inversely correlated with fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance test and glycated hemoglobin measurement, and positively correlated with disposition index (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:?-Cell mass decreased significantly with worsening glucose tolerance, from the stage of prediabetes, in the Japanese population. Prevention of declining ?-cell mass before the onset of glucose intolerance is important to reduce the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

SUBMITTER: Inaishi J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7477504 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature