Dataset Information

Role of C₄ carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, the macroalga responsible for the world's largest green tides.

ABSTRACT: Most marine algae preferentially assimilate CO₂ via the Calvin-Benson Cycle (C₃) and catalyze HCO₃^- dehydration via carbonic anhydrase (CA) as a CO₂-compensatory mechanism, but certain species utilize the Hatch-Slack Cycle (C₄) to enhance photosynthesis. The occurrence and importance of the C₄ pathway remains uncertain, however. Here, we demonstrate that carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, a species responsible for massive green tides, involves a combination of C₃ and C₄ pathways_, and a CA-supported HCO₃^- mechanism. Analysis of CA and key C₃ and C₄ enzymes, and subsequent analysis of ?¹³C photosynthetic products showed that the species assimilates CO₂ predominately via the C₃ pathway, uses HCO₃^- via the CA mechanism at low CO₂ levels, and takes advantage of high irradiance using the C₄ pathway. This active and multi-faceted carbon acquisition strategy is advantageous for the formation of massive blooms, as thick floating mats are subject to intense surface irradiance and CO₂ limitation.

SUBMITTER: Liu D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7477558 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of C4 carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, the macroalga responsible for the world's largest green tides.

Liu Dongyan D Ma Qian Q Valiela Ivan I Anderson Donald M DM Keesing John K JK Gao Kunshan K Zhen Yu Y Sun Xiyan X Wang Yujue Y

Communications biology 20200907 1

Most marine algae preferentially assimilate CO2 via the Calvin-Benson Cycle (C3) and catalyze HCO3- dehydration via carbonic anhydrase (CA) as a CO2-compensatory mechanism, but certain species utilize the Hatch-Slack Cycle (C4) to enhance photosynthesis. The occurrence and importance of the C4 pathway remains uncertain, however. Here, we demonstrate that carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, a species responsible for massi ...[more]

PMID: 32895472

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Carotenoids are widely distributed in plants and algae, and their biosynthesis has attracted widespread interest. Carotenoid-related research has mostly focused on model species, and there is a lack of data on the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in U. prolifera that is the main species leading to green tide, a harmful plague of floating green algae. RESULTS:The carotenoid content of U. prolifera samples, that is the main species leading to green tide, a harmful plague of floating green algae at different temperatures revealed that its terpenoid was highest in the samples subjected to high temperature at 28?°C (H), followed by the samples subjected to low temperature at 12?°C (L). Its terpenoid was lowest in the samples subjected to medium temperature at 20?°C (M). We conducted transcriptome sequencing (148.5 million raw reads and 49,676 unigenes in total) of samples that were subjected to different temperatures to study the carotenoid biosynthesis of U. prolifera. There were 1125-3164 significant differentially expressed genes between L, M and H incubation temperatures, of which 11-672 genes were upregulated and 453-3102 genes were downregulated. A total of 3164 genes were significantly differentially expressed between H and M, of which 62 genes were upregulated and 3102 genes were downregulated. A total of 2669 significant differentially expressed genes were observed between L and H, of which 11 genes were upregulated and 2658 genes were downregulated. A total of 13 genes were identified to be involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in U. prolifera, and the expression levels of the majority were highest at H and lowest at M of incubation temperature. Both the carotenoid concentrations and the expression of the analysed genes were lowest in the normal temperature group, while low temperature and high temperature seemed to activate the biosynthesis of carotenoids in U. prolifera. CONCLUSIONS:In this study, transcriptome sequencing provided critical information for understanding the accumulation of carotenoids and will serve as an important reference for the study of other metabolic pathways in U. prolifera.

Dataset Information

Role of C₄ carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, the macroalga responsible for the world's largest green tides.

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Role of C<sub>4</sub> carbon fixation in Ulva prolifera, the macroalga responsible for the world's largest green tides.

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