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Enhanced tuberculosis clearance through the combination treatment with recombinant adenovirus-mediated granulysin delivery.

ABSTRACT: Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Poor compliance of TB patients to the lengthy treatment increases the risk of relapse and leads to the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB and XDR-TB). More effective therapies for TB are urgently needed. We hypothesized that granulysin-mediated clearance of M. tuberculosis parasited inside and outside of alveolar macrophages in presumptive infected hosts might enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy on TB. Methods: Recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rAd5) based therapeutic vaccines rAdhGLi and rAdhGLs (rAds) were respectively developed to express intracellular and extracellular granulysin. The ex vivo bactericidal effects of rAdhGLi and rAdhGLs were evaluated on U937 and RAW264.7 cells. The efficacy of immunotherapy with both rAdhGLi and rAdhGLs on TB SCID mice, or immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy on drug-susceptible TB or MDR-TB mouse models were further evaluated. Results: rAdhGLs, as well as rAdhGLi, showed a direct bactericidal effect on extracellular or intracellular M. tuberculosis H37Rv and MDR-TB clinical strains, respectively. Immunotherapy with a dose of 109 PFU of rAdhGLi and 109 PFU of rAdhGLs demonstrated a more significant bactericidal effect on M. tuberculosis H37Rv infected SCID mice and prolonged their survival periods than rAdhGLi or rAdhGLs alone. More importantly, chemotherapy combined with rAds immunotherapy shortened the chemotherapeutic duration to 4 months on M. tuberculosis H37Rv infected mice and prevented the relapse. Combination of rAds with chemotherapy on MDR-TB mice also more significantly decreased organ bacterial load than their single use. Conclusions: Delivery of granulysin by recombinant adenovirus to the infected lung could enhance the clearance of TB in vivo and might be a promising adjunct therapeutic vaccine for TB and MDR-TB.

SUBMITTER: Hao L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7481412 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Enhanced tuberculosis clearance through the combination treatment with recombinant adenovirus-mediated granulysin delivery.

Hao Ling L Ma Jilei J Shi Chunwei C Lin Xiaosong X Zhang Yandi Y Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou BN Lei Qing Q Ullah Nadeem N Yao Zhongjie Z Fan Xionglin X

Theranostics 20200808 22

<b>Rationale:</b> Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Poor compliance of TB patients to the lengthy treatment increases the risk of relapse and leads to the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB and XDR-TB). More effective therapies for TB are urgently needed. We hypothesized that granulysin-mediated clearance of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> parasited inside and outside of alveolar macrophages in presumptive inf ...[more]

PMID: 32929333

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Project description:Genetic transfer of neutralizing antibodies (Abs) has been shown to confer strong and persistent protection against bacterial and viral infectious agents. Although it is well established that for many exogenous neutralizing Abs increased antigen affinity correlates with protection, the effect of antigen affinity on Abs produced in situ after adenoviral gene transfer has not been examined. The mouse IgG2b monoclonal Ab, 2C12.4, recognizes the Yersinia pestis type III secretion apparatus protein, LcrV (V antigen), and confers protection in mice when administered as an IgG intraperitoneally or after genetic immunization with engineered, replication-defective serotype 5 human adenovirus (Ad). The 2C12.4 Ab was expressed as a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) in Escherichia coli and was shown to display an equilibrium dissociation constant (K(D))=3.5 nM by surface plasmon resonance analysis. The 2C12.4 scFv was subjected to random mutagenesis, and variants with increased affinity were isolated by flow cytometry using the anchored periplasmic expression bacterial display system. After a single round of mutagenesis, variants displaying up to 35-fold lower K(D) values (H8, K(D)=100 pM) were isolated. The variable domains of the H8 scFv were used to replace those of the parental 2C12.4 IgG encoded in the Ad vector, AdalphaV, giving rise to AdalphaV.H8. The two adenoviral vectors resulted in similar titers of anti-V antigen Abs 3 days after immunization, with 10(9), 10(10) or 10(11) particle units (pu). After intranasal challenge with 363 LD(50) (lethal dose, 50%) of Y. pestis CO92, 54% of the mice immunized with 10(10) pu of AdalphaV.H8 survived through the 14 day end point compared with only 15% survivors for the group immunized with AdalphaV expressing the lower-affinity 2C12.4 (P<0.04; AdalphaV versus AdalphaV.H8). These results indicate that affinity maturation of a neutralizing Ab delivered by genetic transfer may confer increased protection not only for Y. pestis challenge but also possibly for other pathogens.

Dataset Information

Enhanced tuberculosis clearance through the combination treatment with recombinant adenovirus-mediated granulysin delivery.

Publications

Enhanced tuberculosis clearance through the combination treatment with recombinant adenovirus-mediated granulysin delivery.

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