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Cognition Is Associated With Peripheral Immune Molecules in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Cognition in the elderly is heterogeneous. Senescence of the immune system is increasingly considered as a potential player in cognitive performance. We explored here the interplay between cognitive performance and peripheral immune molecules in healthy older individuals. Methods:A cross-sectional study of clinically well characterized senior healthy individuals (120; 51-87 years old) previously clustered as "Good" and "Poor" performers based on established tests that evaluate memory and executive function. A plasma concentration of 30 immune molecules was assessed by multiplex analysis and correlated with parameters of cognitive performance. Results:Participants with worse cognitive performance ("Poor") exhibited increased concentrations of IL-1?, IL-8, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) when compared to individuals with a better cognitive performance ("Good"). The cognitive dimensions memory and executive function, when considered separately, displayed a negative association with several immune molecules (IL-1?, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-13, IP-10, and TNF with memory and only IL-1? with executive function), even controlling for age, sex, years of formal education, mood, and use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Regression analysis showed that several of these molecules (IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-13) contribute to predicting whether an individual belongs to the "Good" or "Poor" cognitive performance group. Conclusion:These results strengthen the hypothesis that increased concentrations of peripheral immune molecules, like IL-1?, are associated with worse cognitive performance in senior healthy individuals. It further highlights that some poorly studied immune molecules should be considered in the context of cognitive aging, such as IL-13, here revealed as a new player in such interaction.

SUBMITTER: Serre-Miranda C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7493640 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cognition Is Associated With Peripheral Immune Molecules in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Serre-Miranda Cláudia C Roque Susana S Santos Nadine Correia NC Costa Patrício P Sousa Nuno N Palha Joana Almeida JA Correia-Neves Margarida M

Frontiers in immunology 20200902

<h4>Background</h4>Cognition in the elderly is heterogeneous. Senescence of the immune system is increasingly considered as a potential player in cognitive performance. We explored here the interplay between cognitive performance and peripheral immune molecules in healthy older individuals.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study of clinically well characterized senior healthy individuals (120; 51-87 years old) previously clustered as "Good" and "Poor" performers based on established tests that e ...[more]

PMID: 32983153

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Project description:The aging brain undergoes remodeling processes because of biological and environmental factors. To counteract brain aging, neuronal plasticity should be preserved. The aim of this study was to test if the capacity of generating short-time synaptic plasticity in older adults may be related to either physical activity, nutritional status, cognition, or neurophysiological activity. Thirty-six participants (mean age 73.3 ± 5.9 years) received transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with peripheral nerve stimulation to experimentally induce short-time synaptic plasticity by paired associative stimulation (PAS). Adaptations in neuronal excitability were assessed by motor-evoked potential (MEP) in the right m. tibialis anterior before and after PAS. The Physical Activity Questionnaire 50+ and the StepWatchTM captured physical activity levels. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Cognition was assessed by reaction time for a divided attention test and with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Neurophysiological activity was assessed by electroencephalography during the divided attention test. MEPs of the highest stimulation intensity resulted significantly different comparing before, 5 min, or 30 min after PAS (p < 0.05). Data-driven automatic hierarchical classification of the individual recruitment curve slopes over the three-time points indicated four different response types, however, response groups did not significantly differ based on physical activity, nutritional status, cognition, or neurophysiological activity. In a second-level analysis, participants having an increased slope showed a significant higher energy expenditure (z = -2.165, p = 0.030, r = 0.36) and revealed a significant higher power activity in the alpha frequency band (z = -2.008, p = 0.046, r = 0.37) at the prefrontal-located EEG electrodes, compared to the participants having a decreased slope. This study hints toward older adults differing in their neuronal excitability which is strongly associated to their short-time synaptic plasticity levels. Furthermore, a physically active lifestyle and higher EEG power in the alpha frequency band seem to be connected to the capacity of generating long-term potentiation-like synaptic plasticity in older adults. Future studies should consider more sensitive assessments and bigger sample sizes to get a broad scope of the older adults' population.

Dataset Information

Cognition Is Associated With Peripheral Immune Molecules in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Publications

Cognition Is Associated With Peripheral Immune Molecules in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

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