Dataset Information

DNA barcoding reveals mislabeling and commercial fraud in the marketing of fillets of the genus Brachyplatystoma Bleeker, 1862, the Amazonian freshwater catfishes economically important in Brazil.

ABSTRACT: The substitution and mislabeling is facilitated by the processing of fish products. We employed a DNA barcoding to authenticate fillets labeled as "dourada" (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii), and "piramutaba" (Brachyplatystoma vaillantii) marketed in the Brazil. A 615 bp of the Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was sequenced from 305 fillets and subsequently identified to species level by querying public databases and sequences of reference species. The results revealed a global mean substitution rate of 17%. The highest substitution rate was detected in "dourada" (26%), the most valuable species, followed by "piramutaba" (9%). The most cases of substitutions were by species of lower commercial value, suggesting fraud aimed at increased profits. Therefore, we suggest the improvement of food-labeling regulation, continued inspection, as well as the adoption of the DNA barcode for the molecular authentication of processed fish to prevent substitution of these products in Brazil.

SUBMITTER: de Carvalho SC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7495058 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DNA barcoding reveals mislabeling and commercial fraud in the marketing of fillets of the genus Brachyplatystoma Bleeker, 1862, the Amazonian freshwater catfishes economically important in Brazil.

de Carvalho Soraia Costa SC Sampaio Iracilda I Santos Simoni S

Heliyon 20200914 9

The substitution and mislabeling is facilitated by the processing of fish products. We employed a DNA barcoding to authenticate fillets labeled as "dourada" (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii), and "piramutaba" (Brachyplatystoma vaillantii) marketed in the Brazil. A 615 bp of the Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was sequenced from 305 fillets and subsequently identified to species level by querying public databases and sequences of reference species. The results revealed a global mean ...[more]

PMID: 32984598

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Project description:BackgroundCatfishes are globally demanded as human food, angling sport and aquariums keeping thus are highly exploited all over the world. North-East India possess high abundance of catfishes and are equally exploited through decades. The strategies for conservation necessitate understanding the actual species composition, which is hampered due to sporadic descriptions of the species through traditional taxonomy. Therefore, actual catfish diversity in this region is important to be studied through the combined approach of morphological and molecular technique of DNA barcoding.Methodology/principal findingsAltogether 75 native catfish specimens were collected from across the North-East India and their morphological features were compared with the taxonomic keys. The detailed taxonomic study identified 25 species belonging to 17 genera and 9 families. The cytochrome oxidase c subunit-I gene fragment were then sequenced from the samples in accordance with the standard DNA barcoding protocols. The sequences were compared with public databases, viz., GenBank and BOLD. Sequences developed in the current study and from databases of the same and related taxa were analyzed to calculate the congeneric and conspecific genetic divergences using Kimura 2-parameter distance model, and a Neighbor Joining tree was created using software MEGA5.1. The DNA barcoding approach delineated 21 distinct species showing 4.33 folds of difference between the nearest congeners. Four species, viz., Amblyceps apangi, Glyptothorax telchitta, G. trilineatus and Erethistes pusillus, showed high conspecific divergence; hence their identification through molecular approach remained inconclusive. On the other hand, the database sequences for three species, viz., Mystus horai, Bagarius yarrelli and Clarias batrachus, appeared mislabeled.ConclusionThe efficiency of DNA barcoding was reaffirmed from its success by easily identifying the major share (84%) of the studied catfish into 21 distinct species. The study contributed 27 new barcodes for 7 species and confirmed the range expansion of 2 important species in NE India.

Dataset Information

DNA barcoding reveals mislabeling and commercial fraud in the marketing of fillets of the genus Brachyplatystoma Bleeker, 1862, the Amazonian freshwater catfishes economically important in Brazil.

Publications

DNA barcoding reveals mislabeling and commercial fraud in the marketing of fillets of the genus <i>Brachyplatystoma</i> Bleeker, 1862, the Amazonian freshwater catfishes economically important in Brazil.

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