TGFam-Finder: a novel solution for target-gene family annotation in plants.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kim S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7496378 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundThe bHLH transcription factor family is named after the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain that is a characteristic element of their members. Understanding the function and characteristics of this family is important for the examination of a wide range of functions. As the availability of genome sequences and transcriptome assemblies has increased significantly, the need for automated solutions that provide reliable functional annotations is emphasised.ResultsA phylogenetic approach was adapted for the automatic identification and functional annotation of the bHLH transcription factor family. The bHLH_annotator, designed for the automated functional annotation of bHLHs, was implemented in Python3. Sequences of bHLHs described in literature were collected to represent the full diversity of bHLH sequences. Previously described orthologs form the basis for the functional annotation assignment to candidates which are also screened for bHLH-specific motifs. The pipeline was successfully deployed on the two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions Col-0 and Nd-1, the monocot species Dioscorea dumetorum, and a transcriptome assembly of Croton tiglium. Depending on the applied search parameters for the initial candidates in the pipeline, species-specific candidates or members of the bHLH family which experienced domain loss can be identified.ConclusionsThe bHLH_annotator allows a detailed and systematic investigation of the bHLH family in land plant species and classifies candidates based on bHLH-specific characteristics, which distinguishes the pipeline from other established functional annotation tools. This provides the basis for the functional annotation of the bHLH family in land plants and the systematic examination of a wide range of functions regulated by this transcription factor family.
| S-EPMC10722790 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMYBs are among the largest transcription factor families in plants. Consequently, members of this family are involved in a plethora of processes including development and specialized metabolism. The MYB families of many plant species were investigated in the last two decades since the first investigation looked at Arabidopsis thaliana. This body of knowledge and characterized sequences provide the basis for the identification, classification, and functional annotation of candidate sequences in new genome and transcriptome assemblies.ResultsA pipeline for the automatic identification and functional annotation of MYBs in a given sequence data set was implemented in Python. MYB candidates are identified, screened for the presence of a MYB domain and other motifs, and finally placed in a phylogenetic context with well characterized sequences. In addition to technical benchmarking based on existing annotation, the transcriptome assembly of Croton tiglium and the annotated genome sequence of Castanea crenata were screened for MYBs. Results of both analyses are presented in this study to illustrate the potential of this application. The analysis of one species takes only a few minutes depending on the number of predicted sequences and the size of the MYB gene family. This pipeline, the required bait sequences, and reference sequences for a classification are freely available on github: https://github.com/bpucker/MYB_annotator .ConclusionsThis automatic annotation of the MYB gene family in novel assemblies makes genome-wide investigations consistent and paves the way for comparative studies in the future. Candidate genes for in-depth analyses are presented based on their orthology to previously characterized sequences which allows the functional annotation of the newly identified MYBs with high confidence. The identification of orthologs can also be harnessed to detect duplication and deletion events.
| S-EPMC8933966 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: To date more than 2,1 million gene products from more than 100000 different species have been described specifying their function, the processes they are involved in and their cellular localization using a very well defined and structured vocabulary, the gene ontology (GO). Such vast, well defined knowledge opens the possibility of compare gene products at the level of functionality, finding gene products which have a similar function or are involved in similar biological processes without relying on the conventional sequence similarity approach. Comparisons within such a large space of knowledge are highly data and computing intensive. For this reason this project was based upon the use of the computational GRID, a technology offering large computing and storage resources. RESULTS: We have developed a tool, GENe AnaloGue FINdEr (ENGINE) that parallelizes the search process and distributes the calculation and data over the computational GRID, splitting the process into many sub-processes and joining the calculation and the data on the same machine and therefore completing the whole search in about 3 days instead of occupying one single machine for more than 5 CPU years. The results of the functional comparison contain potential functional analogues for more than 79000 gene products from the most important species. 46% of the analyzed gene products are well enough described for such an analysis to individuate functional analogues, such as well-known members of the same gene family, or gene products with similar functions which would never have been associated by standard methods. CONCLUSION: ENGINE has produced a list of potential functionally analogous relations between gene products within and between species using, in place of the sequence, the gene description of the GO, thus demonstrating the potential of the GO. However, the current limiting factor is the quality of the associations of many gene products from non-model organisms that often have electronic associations, since experimental information is missing. With future improvements of the GO, this limit will be reduced. ENGINE will manifest its power when it is applied to the whole GODB of more than 2,1 million gene products from more than 100000 organisms. The data produced by this search is planed to be available as a supplement to the GO database as soon as we are able to provide regular updates.
| S-EPMC2020485 | biostudies-literature
Project description:SummaryHayai-Annotation Plants is a browser-based interface for an ultra-fast and accurate functional gene annotation system for plant species using R. The pipeline combines the sequence-similarity searches, using USEARCH against UniProtKB (taxonomy Embryophyta), with a functional annotation step. Hayai-Annotation Plants provides five layers of annotation: i) protein name; ii) gene ontology terms consisting of its three main domains (Biological Process, Molecular Function and Cellular Component); iii) enzyme commission number; iv) protein existence level; and v) evidence type. It implements a new algorithm that gives priority to protein existence level to propagate GO and EC information and annotated Arabidopsis thaliana representative peptide sequences (Araport11) within 5 min at the PC level.Availability and implementationThe software is implemented in R and runs on Macintosh and Linux systems. It is freely available at https://github.com/kdri-genomics/Hayai-Annotation-Plants under the GPLv3 license.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC6821316 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In plants, serine residues in extensin, a cell wall protein, are glycosylated with O-linked galactose. However, the enzyme that is involved in the galactosylation of serine had not yet been identified. To identify the peptidyl serine O-α-galactosyltransferase (SGT), we chose Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model. We established an assay system for SGT activity using C. reinhardtii and Arabidopsis thaliana cell extracts. SGT protein was partially purified from cell extracts of C. reinhardtii and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry to determine its amino acid sequence. The sequence matched the open reading frame XP_001696927 in the C. reinhardtii proteome database, and a corresponding DNA fragment encoding 748 amino acids (BAL63043) was cloned from a C. reinhardtii cDNA library. The 748-amino acid protein (CrSGT1) was produced using a yeast expression system, and the SGT activity was examined. Hydroxylation of proline residues adjacent to a serine in acceptor peptides was required for SGT activity. Genes for proteins containing conserved domains were found in various plant genomes, including A. thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum. The AtSGT1 and NtSGT1 proteins also showed SGT activity when expressed in yeast. In addition, knock-out lines of AtSGT1 and knockdown lines of NtSGT1 showed no or reduced SGT activity. The SGT1 sequence, which contains a conserved DXD motif and a C-terminal membrane spanning region, is the first example of a glycosyltransferase with type I membrane protein topology, and it showed no homology with known glycosyltransferases, indicating that SGT1 belongs to a novel glycosyltransferase gene family existing only in the plant kingdom.
| S-EPMC4110251 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The NGATHA (NGA) transcription factor (TF) belongs to the ABI3/VP1 (RAV) transcriptional subfamily, a subgroup of the B3 superfamily, which is relatively well-studied in Arabidopsis. However, limited data are available on the contributions of NGA TF in other plant species. In this study, 207 NGA gene family members were identified from a genome-wide search against Arabidopsis thaliana in the genome data of 18 dicots and seven monocots. The phylogenetic and sequence alignment analyses divided NGA genes into different clusters and revealed that the numbers of genes varied depending on the species. The phylogeny was followed by the characterization of the Solanaceae (tomato, potato, capsicum, tobacco) and Poaceae (Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa L. japonica, and Sorghum bicolor) family members in comparison with A. thaliana. The gene and protein structures revealed a similar pattern for NGA and NGA-like sequences, suggesting that both are conserved during evolution. Promoter cis-element analysis showed that phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, and gibberellins play a crucial role in regulating the NGA gene family. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the NGA gene family participates in diverse biological processes such as flower development, leaf morphogenesis, and the regulation of transcription. The gene duplication analysis indicates that most of the genes are evolved due to segmental duplications and have undergone purifying selection pressure. Finally, the gene expression analysis implicated that the NGA genes are abundantly expressed in lateral organs and flowers. This analysis has presented a detailed and comprehensive study of the NGA gene family, providing basic knowledge of the gene, protein structure, function, and evolution. These results will lay the foundation for further understanding of the role of the NGA gene family in various plant developmental processes.
| S-EPMC9266525 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA interference (RNAi) is a technique used for transgene-mediated gene silencing based on the mechanism of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). PTGS is an ubiquitous basic biological phenomenon involved in the regulation of transcript abundance and plants' immune response to viruses. PTGS also mediates genomic stability by silencing of retroelements. RNAi has become an important research tool for studying gene function by strong and selective suppression of target genes. Here, we present si-Fi, a software tool for design optimization of RNAi constructs necessary for specific target gene knock-down. It offers efficiency prediction of RNAi sequences and off-target search, required for the practical application of RNAi. si-Fi is an open-source (CC BY-SA license) desktop software that works in Microsoft Windows environment and can use custom sequence databases in standard FASTA format.
| S-EPMC6704232 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcription factors (TFs) are key players in the regulation of gene transcription in mammalian cells. Although high-throughput screening can be used to identify differentially expressed genes between comparable groups, the precision of the corresponding datasets is far from optimal. Here, we establish Target Finder of Transcription Factor (TFoTF), a method for the prediction of TF-targeted genes from genomic and cancer-related transcriptomic data. TFoTF can identify potential TF-targeted genes in large cancer datasets and efficiently estimate correlations between TFs and their targeted genes with a significant level of specificity, sensitivity, and precision. Overall, TFoTF is an easy-to-use tool that can be utilized to generate testable hypotheses in the context of cancer research projects.
| S-EPMC10323881 | biostudies-literature
Project description:MicroRNA482 (miR482) is a conserved microRNA family in plants, playing critical regulatory roles in different biological activities. Though the members of the miR482 gene family have been identified in plants, a systematic study has not been reported yet. In the present research, 140 mature sequences generated by 106 precursors were used for molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and target gene prediction, and the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network mediated by miR482 was summarized. The length of mature sequences ranged from 17 nt to 25 nt, with 22 nt being the most abundant, and the start and end of the mature sequences had a preference for uracil (U). By sequence multiplex comparison, it was found that the mature sequences of 5p were clustered into one group, and others were clustered into the other group. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 140 mature sequences were categorized into six groups. Meanwhile, all the precursor sequences formed a stable hairpin structure, and the 106 precursors were divided into five groups. However, the expression of miR482 varied significantly between different species and tissues. In total, 149 target genes were predicted and their functions focused on single-organism process, cellular process, and cell and cell part. The ceRNA network of miR482 in tomato, cotton, and peanut was summarized based on related publications. In conclusion, this research will provide a foundation for further understanding of the miR482 gene family.
| S-EPMC11353999 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| S-EPMC8016466 | biostudies-literature