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Prevalence of salt rich fast food consumption: A focus on physical activity and incidence of hypertension among female students of Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT: Young generations of Saudi Arabia have adapted a culture of eating fast food items, which are rich in salt. Excess salt intake is a threat to cardiovascular functioning and risk for various cardiovascular diseases. The study, therefore, determines the prevalence and consumption of fast food, the level of physical activity, and the occurrence of hypertension among female students. A cross-sectional study design has been employed to include female students from the College of Arts and Science and Applied Medical Science Wadi Addawasir from January to April 2018. Chi-square/Fisher Exact test has been used for determining the occurrence of categorical variables. The questionnaire was intended to determine fast food habits prevalent among students. 97% of the students consumed fast food daily, 34% of the students were classified as prehypertensive, and 16.4% of the students were classified as hypertensive. Diastolic blood pressure was more compared to systolic blood pressure. Moreover, it was reported that 87% of the students knew the health effects of fast food. 58% of the students were not involved in physical activity and 49% of the students consumed soft drinks along with fast food. 70% of the students used table salt and 57% of the students felt thirsty after fast-food consumption. 55% of the students showed a positive response to the family history of hypertension. The findings have also shown a positive relationship between daily soft drink consumption and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension among students. Increased consumption of salt-rich fast food, physical inactivity, genetic background of hypertension, prehypertensive and hypertensive conditions observed in the present study may expose to various cardiovascular diseases among the adult population in the future.

SUBMITTER: Kazi R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7499107 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Internet addiction is an increasing problem among university students worldwide. The Internet provides numerous educational advantages, but too much Internet use can lead to unfavorable outcomes such as social isolation and poor academic achievement. The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction and its associated factors among female students at Jouf University, Saudi Arabia. METHODS:A cross-sectional study using a multistage proportionate sampling technique was done. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the female students of Jouf University during face-to-face interviews with them. This questionnaire consisted of two parts; the first is a structured one for identifying sociodemographic features, and the second is Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) to assess Internet use among the students. RESULTS:According to the YIAT scale of Internet addiction, 48.6% of the students were scored to be average Internet users. However, 49.5% and 1.9% of the students had moderate and severe addictions, respectively. The vast majority of students (94.6%) preferred home to access the Internet. Communication was the main purpose of using the Internet as it was reported by 47.3% of the students. The majority of the students (79.5%) utilized mobile phones for Internet access while other devices such as a laptop, tablets and desktop were used by 15.4%, 4.3%, and 3.2% of the students, respectively. More than half of the students (54.6%) used the Internet for an average of more than 4?h every day. Also, more than half (51.4%) used it in the evening being the dominant time of using the Internet. Internet addiction was significantly higher among students with high father education, students who sleep 6?h or less, students who utilize the Internet for entertainment purposes, and students who utilize the Internet mainly in the midnight. CONCLUSION:Nearly half of female students at Jouf University have moderate or severe Internet addiction. The significant predictors of Internet addiction were sleeping hours ??6, midnight as the dominant time for utilizing the Internet and using the Internet for entertainment purposes.

Project description:BackgroundWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are injuries affecting bones, joints, muscles, and tendons due to improper working conditions with serious consequences on health and career. Dentists were found to be at greater risk of developing WMSD compared to other healthcare providers. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of WMSD among dental students in Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey-based study recruited dental students across the kingdom using respondent-driven sampling technique. Data was collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal scale and a validated, self- administered, close-ended questionnaire which assessed WMSDs predisposing factors, enabling factors and musculoskeletal disorders consequences and management. The questionnaire was administered in both Arabic and English languages and was distributed online using google forms. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, Chi-square test or Fisher Exact test was used where appropriate and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of developing WMSDs.ResultsThe prevalence of WMSD was 87% (95% CL; 83.9% to 90.3%) among the 462 respondents. Gender, study year, type of practice, having clinics for left-handed, hours of clinical practice, sitting in the proper position while working, use of coping strategies were significantly associated with WMSD prevalence (P < 0.05). Males were OR = 10 times at higher risk of WMSD compared to females (P = 0.0001). Those with daily clinical practice were OR = 5 times at higher risk of WMSD than those who have weekly practice. Those practicing walking, workout, and yoga showed lower prevalence of WMSD (OR = 0.377 & 0.323, p = 0.015, 0.010 respectively).ConclusionsThe prevalence of WMSD among dental students in KSA was high. Males and those with prolonged clinical sessions were at greater risk of WMSD. There is a need for awareness campaigns to educate dental students about risk factors of WMSD. Collegesy, dental colleges should adopt policies in reducing WMSD among their students.

Project description:BackgroundThe practice of hand hygiene (HH) has prime importance among Health Care Professionals (HCPs) and non-compliance could cause adverse consequences. By keeping the importance of HH in mind, this study aims at investigating the knowledge and attitudes towards HH among medical students and interns at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA).MethodsThe study includes 453 medical students and interns (189 males & 264 females). This study was completed in three months; from September to November 2017. The World Health Organization (WHO) HH questionnaire was used and data were analyzed on SPSS-21.ResultsTwo-third of the participants 292 (64.2%) had formal training in HH in the last three years. Almost half of the participants 254 (56.1%) had correct knowledge regarding the major course of transmission of potentially detrimental microbes among patients in the healthcare premises. Just 124 (27.4%) of the respondents had the correct knowledge about the most common basis of germs accountable for healthcare-related infections. Females had significantly better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH technique needed before palpation of the abdomen (177(54%) Vs. 151(46%); P < 0.002), before an injection (175(54.5%) Vs. 146(45.5%); P < 0.007), after emptying a bedpan (207(64.7%) Vs. 113(35.3%); P < 0.001), following discarding examination gloves (256(60.4% Vs. 168(39.6%); P < 0.001] and after exposure to blood (200(64.1%) Vs. 112(35.%); P < 0.001). Female participants had better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH actions. Females also had a significantly better attitude towards the importance of HH than males (240(62.5%) Vs. 144(37.5%); P < 0.001).ConclusionThe majority of the participants' knowledge regarding HH was not up to the mark; however, female students had better knowledge compared to male students. The medical students and interns' knowledge and positive attitude towards HH can play a pivotal role in preventing HCPs associated infections and it would overall decrease the infection-related burden on the hospital and governmental budgets. It is suggested that multi-dimensional plans are required to change this low compliance to a higher rate.

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Prevalence of salt rich fast food consumption: A focus on physical activity and incidence of hypertension among female students of Saudi Arabia

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