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MTOR-mediated cancer drug resistance suppresses autophagy and generates a druggable metabolic vulnerability.


ABSTRACT: Cancer cells have a characteristic metabolism, mostly caused by alterations in signal transduction networks rather than mutations in metabolic enzymes. For metabolic drugs to be cancer-selective, signaling alterations need to be identified that confer a druggable vulnerability. Here, we demonstrate that many tumor cells with an acquired cancer drug resistance exhibit increased sensitivity to mechanistically distinct inhibitors of cancer metabolism. We demonstrate that this metabolic vulnerability is driven by mTORC1, which promotes resistance to chemotherapy and targeted cancer drugs, but simultaneously suppresses autophagy. We show that autophagy is essential for tumor cells to cope with therapeutic perturbation of metabolism and that mTORC1-mediated suppression of autophagy is required and sufficient for generating a metabolic vulnerability leading to energy crisis and apoptosis. Our study links mTOR-induced cancer drug resistance to autophagy defects as a cause of a metabolic liability and opens a therapeutic window for the treatment of otherwise therapy-refractory tumor patients.

SUBMITTER: Gremke N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7499183 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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mTOR-mediated cancer drug resistance suppresses autophagy and generates a druggable metabolic vulnerability.

Gremke Niklas N   Polo Pierfrancesco P   Dort Aaron A   Schneikert Jean J   Elmshäuser Sabrina S   Brehm Corinna C   Klingmüller Ursula U   Schmitt Anna A   Reinhardt Hans Christian HC   Timofeev Oleg O   Wanzel Michael M   Stiewe Thorsten T  

Nature communications 20200917 1


Cancer cells have a characteristic metabolism, mostly caused by alterations in signal transduction networks rather than mutations in metabolic enzymes. For metabolic drugs to be cancer-selective, signaling alterations need to be identified that confer a druggable vulnerability. Here, we demonstrate that many tumor cells with an acquired cancer drug resistance exhibit increased sensitivity to mechanistically distinct inhibitors of cancer metabolism. We demonstrate that this metabolic vulnerabilit  ...[more]

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