Associations between 24 h Movement Behavior and Mental Health in Office Workers.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Larisch LM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7503924 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Associations between 24 h Movement Behavior and Mental Health in Office Workers.
Larisch Lisa-Marie LM Kallings Lena V LV Hagströmer Maria M Desai Manisha M von Rosen Philip P Blom Victoria V
International journal of environmental research and public health 20200827 17
The associations between 24 h movement behavior, i.e., the way people distribute their time in different movement-related behaviors, on mental health are not well understood. This study applied a compositional data analysis approach to explore cross-sectional associations between device-measured moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light intensity physical activity (LIPA), sedentary behavior (SED), self-reported time in bed and mental health outcomes, i.e., depression or anxiety sympto ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundWe have previously reported on the design and efficacy of two cluster-randomized multi-level workplace interventions, attempting to decrease sedentary behavior (SED) or increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among office workers to improve mental health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate intervention effects on mental health outcomes, i.e., mental wellbeing, depression or anxiety symptoms, and stress immediately after the 6-month intervention period.MethodsTeams of 263 office workers were cluster-randomized to one of two interventions or a waitlist control group. The PA intervention (iPA) focused on increasing MVPA and the SED intervention (iSED) on reducing SED. Both multi-level interventions targeted individual office workers and their social, physical, and organizational work environment, incorporating counseling based on cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing. Mental health outcomes were assessed using validated questionnaires before and immediately after the intervention. Intervention effects were analyzed using linear mixed effects models.ResultsParticipants were mostly female and highly educated, with a mean age of 42 years and had favorable levels of mental health at baseline. Mental wellbeing improved for the iSED group (β = 8, 95% CI 1 to 15, p = 0.030) but not for the iPA group (β = 6, 95% CI -1 to 12, p = 0.072) compared to the control group. No effects were found for depression or anxiety symptoms or stress.ConclusionsThe multi-level interventions improved mental wellbeing among this population of office workers, reaching statistical significance in the iSED group. The size of the effect can be regarded meaningful, considering favorable mental health and high PA level at baseline. Thus, workplace interventions that provide support on multiple levels appear to have potential for improving mental wellbeing, but not reducing ill-health variables, among healthy office workers. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms through which such improvements can be achieved and to identify the most effective intervention components.Trial registrationISRCTN92968402 (27 February 2018).
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Project description:This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between 24-hour movement behaviors and mental health among Japanese workers, accounting for the co-dependence of time spent in different behaviors during a single day. This research is part of a prospective cohort study called the Meiji Yasuda LifeStyle study. Participants were 1095 workers in Tokyo, Japan, who underwent annual health check-ups between 2017 and 2018. Time use during workdays and non-workdays was separately evaluated. Behaviors included sleep (self-reported duration), sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (assessed with a tri-axial accelerometer). We used the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress scale to evaluate psychological distress and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale to assess work engagement as indicators for negative and positive mental health, respectively. We performed compositional logistic regression and compositional isotemporal substitution to examine associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and mental health. After controlling for potential confounders, time spent in workdays was significantly associated with higher psychological distress and lower work engagement (p < 0.05), respectively. Time spent sleeping was positively correlated with both mental health indicators, whereas time spent in SB or LPA was negatively correlated (p < 0.05). During workdays, higher psychological distress and lower work engagement were predicted to be 11.4-26.6% lower when 60 min/day of time spent sleeping were reallocated to SB or LPA. Reallocating time spent on SB or LPA to sleep during workdays may minimize psychological distress and optimize work engagement. Thus, proper time management focused on encouraging sleep may help improve workers' mental health.
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Project description:Background Time-use estimates are typically used to describe 24-hour movement behaviours. However, these behaviours can additionally be characterised by other easily measured metrics. These include sleep quality (e.g., sleep efficiency), 24-hour rest-activity rhythmicity (e.g., between-day rhythm variability), and directly measured acceleration metrics (e.g., intensity gradient). Associations between these characteristics and youth mental health are unclear. This study aimed to [1] compare 24-hour movement behaviour characteristics by sex and age groups, [2] determine which movement behaviour characteristics were most strongly associated with mental health outcomes, and [3] investigate the optimal time-use behaviour compositions for different mental health outcomes. Methods Three-hundred-and-one children and adolescents (age 9–13 y; 60% girls) wore accelerometers for 24-hours/day over 7-days. Overall mental health, externalising, and internalising problems were self-reported using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. 24-hour movement behaviour characteristics were categorised as time-use estimates, sleep quality, 24-hour activity rhythmicity, and directly measured acceleration. Linear mixed models and compositional data analysis were used to analyse the data in alignment with the study aims. Results Time-use estimates, directly measured accelerations, and 24-hour rest-activity rhythm metrics indicated that children were significantly more physically active (p = .01-<0.001) than adolescents. Children were also less sedentary (p < .01), slept longer (p = .02-0.01), and had lower sleep efficiency. Boys were significantly more active than girls (p < .001) who in turn accrued more time in sleep (p = .02). The timing of peak activity was significantly later among adolescents (p = .047). Overall mental health and externalising problems were significantly associated with sleep, sedentary time, sleep efficiency, amplitude, and inter-daily stability (p = .04-0.01). The optimal time-use compositions were specific to overall mental health and externalising problems and were characterised by more sleep, light and vigorous physical activity, and less sedentary time and moderate physical activity than the sample’s mean time-use composition. Conclusions Extracting and examining multiple movement behaviour characteristics from 24-hour accelerometer data can provide a more rounded picture of the interplay between different elements of movement behaviours and their relationships with mental health than single characteristics alone, such as time-use estimates. Applying multiple movement behaviour characteristics to the translation of research findings may enhance the impact of the data for research users. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44167-023-00021-9.
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Project description:There is evidence that movement-based microbreaks can improve the cardiovascular health of desk-based employees, but their effect on mood states is yet to be investigated. As daily work tasks can potentially result in the loss of physical and psychological resources, the objective of this study was to measure the effect of movement microbreaks during formal work time on mood states. In a randomized-controlled pilot study with repeated measures (baseline, post-test, washout) of self-reported job stress and mood states (fatigue and vigor), police officers (N = 43) were exposed to movement microbreaks during work hours. A multivariate significant difference between groups was noted after the intervention period. Further analysis revealed that the experimental group reported a latent reduction in job-related stress after the 3-months washout period. Although the study was conducted with a small sample, our preliminary findings suggest that interrupting sedentary work with movement microbreaks may have beneficial effects on employee mental health. The implications of movement microbreaks for mitigating work-related stress of first responders, including police, is discussed, along with directives for future research.
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Project description:The aims of this study were to determine for the first time the prevalence of a national sample of Spanish minors meeting the 24-h movement guidelines; to determine their correlates; and to examine their associations with socioemotional behavioral problems. Cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey (2017) were analyzed for this study. A total of 3772 Spanish minors were included. Physical activity was parent-reported by a modified short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, which included a single question related to the participation in physical activity in free time. Recreational screen time was parent-reported by asking respondents for weekdays and weekends independently: "How much time does your child typically spend in front of a screen, including a computer, tablet, television, video, video game, or cell phone screen?". Sleep duration was parent-reported by the following question: "Can you tell me approximately how many hours your child usually sleeps daily?". The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was applied for the evaluation of socioemotional behavioral problems. The prevalence of meeting of all the three guidelines was 13.5%. Compared to meeting all guidelines, higher odds of socioemotional behavioral problems were found in participants meeting two guidelines (OR = 1.42; CI95%, 1.10-1.83), one guideline (OR = 1.50; 95%CI,1.14-1.96), or none of the guidelines (OR = 1.92; 95%CI,1.30-2.83). Our study demonstrated that the proportion of Spanish minors who meet with all the 24-h movement guidelines is low. Furthermore, it could be relevant to the promotion of the 24-h movement guidelines to prevent the risk of socioemotional behavioral problems.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Physically inactive and sedentary lifestyles are negatively related to both mental health and cognition. For office-workers, who spend two-thirds of their workday sitting, it is important to improve these lifestyles. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of multi-component interventions, incorporating individual, environmental and organizational changes, to increase physical activity or reduce sedentary behavior among office-workers in order to improve mental health and cognition. METHODS:a 3-arm, clustered randomized controlled trial (RCT) with waiting list control group amongst adult office-workers of two large Swedish companies. Cluster teams will be randomized into 6-month interventions or to a passive waiting list control group which will receive the allocated intervention with a 6-month delay. Two multicomponent interventions will be studied of which one focuses on improving physical activity and the other on reducing sedentary behavior. Both interventions include 5 sessions of motivational counselling. In the physical activity intervention persons also get access to a gym and team leaders will organize lunch walks and encourage to exercise. In the sedentary behavior intervention standing- and walking meetings will be implemented and team leaders will encourage to reduce sitting. The recruitment target is 110 office-workers per arm (330 in total). Measurements will be repeated every 6?months for a total intended duration of 24?months. Proximal main outcomes are physical activity measured with accelerometers and sedentary behavior with inclinometers. Distal outcomes are self-reported mental health and a cognition test battery. Additional outcomes will include cardiovascular fitness, body composition, sleep, self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior, other health habits, physical health, and working mechanisms from blood samples and questionnaires. DISCUSSION:This cluster RCT will contribute to the currently available evidence by comparing the effectiveness of multi-component interventions targeting physical activity or sedentary behavior with the end goal of improving mental health and cognition. This study is strong in its cluster randomized design, numerous objective outcome measures and long-term follow-up. The exact content of the interventions has been defined by combining theory with results from a larger research project as well as having a continuous dialogue with the involved companies. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ISRCTN92968402 .
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Project description:Recently, cognitive demands in workplaces have surged significantly. This study explored the intricate relationship among mental workload (MWL), occupational fatigue, physiological responses, and cognitive performance in office workers by using collective semi-parametric models. One hundred office workers were selected from twenty offices involved in cognitive performance. MWL was assessed through the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), and occupational fatigue was measured using the Persian version of the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory. Physiological responses, including respiratory rate, the electrical conductivity of the skin (ECS), Heart Rate (HR), and other heart-related parameters, were recorded from the participants during a work shift. Selective and Divided Attention tests were chosen to evaluate workers' cognitive function based on cognitive task analysis. The mean of MWL and occupational fatigue scores were 66.28 ± 11.76 and 1.62 ± 1.07, respectively. There was a significant moderate correlation between two dimensions, mental demand (0.429) and frustration (0.409), with functional fatigue. Also, Significant and, of course, nonlinear relationships were observed between MWL and HR (R2 = 0.44, P-value < 0.001) and ECS (R2 = 0.45, P-value < 0.001) and reaction time in selected (R2 = 0.34, P-value < 0.001) and divided test (R2 = 0.48, P-value < 0.001). Similarly, nonlinear relationships were observed between physiological responses and cognitive performance with fatigue among participants who had experienced higher levels of occupational fatigue. The MWL and fatigue seem to have a significant and non-linear effect on physiological parameters such as HR and ECS and cognitive parameters such as reaction time. Moreover, MWL can influence the dimension of functional fatigue of workers.
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Project description:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:An element of obesity prevention is increasing total physical activity energy expenditure. However, this approach does not incorporate the balance of various movement behaviors-physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep-across domains of the day. We aimed to identify time-use profiles over work and leisure, termed 'movement behavior profiles' and to investigate their association with obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Eight-hundred-and-seven workers completed (a) thigh accelerometry and diaries to determine their 24-h composition of behaviors (sedentary and standing, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at work and leisure, and time in bed) and (b) obesity measurements. Movement behavior profiles were determined using latent profile analyses of isometric log-ratios of the 24-h composition, and labeled according to animal movement behavior traits. Linear models were applied to determine the association between profiles and obesity. RESULTS:Four profiles were identified, labeled as "Chimpanzees" (n?=?226), "Lions" (n?=?179), "Ants" (n?=?244), and "Koalas" (n?=?158). "Chimpanzees" work time was evenly distributed between behaviors while their leisure time was predominantly active. Compared to Chimpanzees, "Lions" were more active at work and sedentary during leisure and spent more time in bed; "Ants" were more active at work and during leisure; "Koalas" were more sedentary at work and leisure and spent similar time in bed. With "Chimpanzees" as reference, "Lions" had least favorable obesity indicators: +2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6, 3.4) %body fat, +4.3?cm (1.4, 7.3) waist circumference and +1.0 (2.0, 0.0) Body Mass Index (BMI), followed by "Koalas" +2.0 (0.4, 3.7) %body fat, +3.1?cm (0.1, 6.0) waist circumference, and +0.8 (-0.30, 1.94) BMI. No significant differences were found between "Chimpanzees" and "Ants". CONCLUSIONS:Movement behavior profiles across work and leisure time-use compositions are associated with obesity. Achieving adequate balance between work and leisure movement behaviors should be further investigated as a potential obesity prevention strategy.
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