Dataset Information

Application of Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method for Railway Track Inventory Using GNSS Observations.

ABSTRACT: Satellite geodetic networks are commonly used in surveying tasks, but they can also be used in mobile surveys. Mobile satellite surveys can be used for trackage inventory, diagnostics and design. The combination of modern technological solutions with the adaptation of research methods known in other fields of science offers an opportunity to acquire highly accurate solutions for railway track inventory. This article presents the effects of work carried out using a mobile surveying platform on which Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers were mounted. The satellite observations (surveys) obtained were aligned using one of the methods known from classical land surveying. The records obtained during the surveying campaign on a 246th km railway track section were subjected to alignment. This article provides a description of the surveying campaign necessary to obtain measurement data and a theoretical description of the method employed to align observation results as well as their visualisation.

SUBMITTER: Czaplewski K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7506772 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Application of Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method for Railway Track Inventory Using GNSS Observations.

Czaplewski Krzysztof K Wisniewski Zbigniew Z Specht Cezary C Wilk Andrzej A Koc Wladyslaw W Karwowski Krzysztof K Skibicki Jacek J Dabrowski Paweł P Czaplewski Bartosz B Specht Mariusz M Chrostowski Piotr P Szmaglinski Jacek J Judek Slawomir S Grulkowski Slawomir S Licow Roksana R

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20200901 17

Satellite geodetic networks are commonly used in surveying tasks, but they can also be used in mobile surveys. Mobile satellite surveys can be used for trackage inventory, diagnostics and design. The combination of modern technological solutions with the adaptation of research methods known in other fields of science offers an opportunity to acquire highly accurate solutions for railway track inventory. This article presents the effects of work carried out using a mobile surveying platform on wh ...[more]

PMID: 32882914

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Project description:There is currently a gap in satellite observations of the moisture structure during heavy precipitation conditions, since infrared and microwave sounders cannot sense water-vapour structure near the surface in the presence of intense precipitation. Conversely, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultations (RO) can profile the moisture structure with high precision and vertical resolution, but cannot indicate the presence of precipitation directly. Polarimetric RO (PRO) measurements have been proposed as a method to characterize heavy rain in GNSS RO, by measuring the polarimetric differential phase delay induced by large size hydrometeors. Previous studies have shown that the PRO polarimetric phase shift is sensitive to the path-integrated rain rate under intense precipitation scenarios, but there is no current method to invert PRO measurements into quantitative estimates of the path-averaged rain rate. In this manuscript, a probabilistic inversion approach to the GNSS PRO observables is proposed, where the GPM precipitation products are used for the construction of an a priori look-up table (LUT) database. The performance of the LUTs is assessed for use in the inversion of satellite-based GNSS PRO observations, based on synthetically generated PRO data of actual events, which correspond to co-locations between GNSS RO profiles and the TRMM observations. The synthetic data include end-to-end propagation effects of the polarimetric observables and a simple separation algorithm to isolate the hydrometeor component of the observation. The assessment results in agreement better than ±1 mm/hr between the reference LUT and the actual rain statistics of the synthetic data, proving the suitability of the GPM-based probabilistic inversion tool. These findings indicate that the GNSS PRO products are capable of extending the current GNSS RO ones by associating indications of rain-rate probabilities at different altitudes, at ?250 m vertical resolution and under intense precipitation scenarios with the standard vertical thermodynamic profiles.

Dataset Information

Application of Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method for Railway Track Inventory Using GNSS Observations.

Publications

Application of Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method for Railway Track Inventory Using GNSS Observations.

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