Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid contamination of surfaces on a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ward and intensive care unit.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Redmond SN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7511842 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid contamination of surfaces on a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ward and intensive care unit.
Redmond Sarah N SN Dousa Khalid M KM Jones Lucas D LD Li Daniel F DF Cadnum Jennifer L JL Navas Maria E ME Kachaluba Nataliya M NM Silva Sandra Y SY Zabarsky Trina F TF Eckstein Elizabeth C EC Procop Gary W GW Donskey Curtis J CJ
Infection control and hospital epidemiology 20200812 2
On coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid was frequently detected on high-touch surfaces, floors, and socks inside patient rooms. Contamination of floors and shoes was common outside patient rooms on the COVID-19 wards but decreased after improvements in floor cleaning and disinfection were implemented. ...[more]
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Project description:Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections are a challenging health problem worldwide, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. In ICUs, inanimate surfaces and equipment (e.g., bedrails, stethoscopes, medical charts, ultrasound machine) may be contaminated by bacteria, including MDR isolates. Cross-transmission of microorganisms from inanimate surfaces may have a significant role for ICU-acquired colonization and infections. Contamination may result from healthcare workers' hands or by direct patient shedding of bacteria which are able to survive up to several months on dry surfaces. A higher environmental contamination has been reported around infected patients than around patients who are only colonized and, in this last group, a correlation has been observed between frequency of environmental contamination and culture-positive body sites. Healthcare workers not only contaminate their hands after direct patient contact but also after touching inanimate surfaces and equipment in the patient zone (the patient and his/her immediate surroundings). Inadequate hand hygiene before and after entering a patient zone may result in cross-transmission of pathogens and patient colonization or infection. A number of equipment items and commonly used objects in ICU carry bacteria which, in most cases, show the same antibiotic susceptibility profiles of those isolated from patients. The aim of this review is to provide an updated evidence about contamination of inanimate surfaces and equipment in ICU in light of the concept of patient zone and the possible implications for bacterial pathogen cross-transmission to critically ill patients.
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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious virus transmitted by inhalation of infected matter containing live virus or by exposure from contaminated surfaces. Aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) create an increased risk of airborne transmission of infection. Tracheal extubation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a risky AGP procedure owing to the proximity of the staff members to the patients' mouths and the exposure to airway secretions. We describe the use of a disposable openable mask (Janus Mask, Biomedical Srl, Florence, Italy) that might limit aerosol generation in the periextubation phase of COVID-19 cardiac surgical patients.
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