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A cross-sectional study on risk factors for infection with Parvovirus B19 and the association with anaemia in a febrile paediatric population in Ghana.

ABSTRACT: Parvovirus B19 (B19V) occurs globally and can cause severe anaemia. The role of co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) has been controversially discussed. The study aimed to determine prevalence and severity of B19V infection, and the effect of co-infections on the risk for anaemia. Between November 2013 and April 2015 a total of 1186 hospital visits of children with fever admitted to a hospital in Ghana were recorded. Malaria, B19V and additional diagnostics for fever causes were performed. Recent B19V infection was defined as PCR and/or IgM positivity. Risk factors for a B19V infection and for anaemia were analysed. The prevalence of anaemia was compared between children with/without B19V infection, stratified for the presence of malaria. B19V IgM/PCR was positive in 6.4% (n = 76; 40 IgM + , 30 PCR + , 6 IgM + and PCR +). Among the B19V cases 60.5% had a simultaneous P. falciparum infection. B19V IgM positivity but not PCR positivity was associated with moderate-severe anaemia (OR = 2.6; 95%-CI: 1.3-5.3; P < 0.01 vs. OR = 0.9; 95%-CI: 0.4-1.8; P = 0.70). P. falciparum and IgM positive B19V infection were independent risk factors for anaemia with no evidence of effect modification. Our data show a significant association between B19V infection, defined as IgM but not PCR positivity, and moderate-severe anaemia. A multiplicative effect of B19V and P. falciparum infection was not found.

SUBMITTER: Herr W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7515863 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A cross-sectional study on risk factors for infection with Parvovirus B19 and the association with anaemia in a febrile paediatric population in Ghana.

Herr Wiebke W Krumkamp Ralf R Hogan Benedikt B Dekker Denise D Gyau Kennedy K Owusu-Dabo Ellis E Sarpong Nimako N Jaeger Anna A Loag Wibke W Winter Doris D Akenten Charity Wiafe CW Eibach Daniel D Fickenscher Helmut H Eis-Hübinger Anna A May Jürgen J Kreuels Benno B

Scientific reports 20200924 1

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) occurs globally and can cause severe anaemia. The role of co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) has been controversially discussed. The study aimed to determine prevalence and severity of B19V infection, and the effect of co-infections on the risk for anaemia. Between November 2013 and April 2015 a total of 1186 hospital visits of children with fever admitted to a hospital in Ghana were recorded. Malaria, B19V and additional diagnostics for fever causes w ...[more]

PMID: 32973247

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Project description:BackgroundHuman parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) is a single-stranded DNA virus. The detection rate of HPV B19 in the blood of healthy blood donors using PCR technology was reported to be 6.323/100000. However, that among hospitalized patients suspected of being infected with a pathogenic microorganism is unknown.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 2,182 high-throughput NGS results for 1,484 inpatients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to October 2021 who were suspected of being infected with a pathogenic microorganism, as well as on clinical data of some HPV B19-positive patients.ResultsHuman parvovirus B19 was detected in 39 samples from 33 patients. The positivity rate was 2.22% among patients and 1.78% among samples. HPV B19 was detected in 20 cerebrospinal fluid samples, 13 blood samples, 3 alveolar lavage fluid samples, 2 tissue samples, and 1 throat swab. Based on clinical symptoms and NGS results, 16 patients were diagnosed with HPV B19 infection. The number of HPV B19 sequences in these patients was greater than 6, and the patients showed common symptoms such as fever (14 cases), anemia (11 cases), and severe nervous system symptoms such as meningoencephalitis (9 cases) and Guillain-Barré syndrome with peripheral motor and sensory nerve axon damage (4 cases). All 16 patients had experienced events likely to lead to decreased immunity (11 had a history of trauma/surgery/major disease, 4 had a history of precursor infection, and 3 had used immunosuppressants) and 7 had a history of blood transfusion during hospitalization. After treatment with antiviral drugs (12 cases) and intravenous human immunoglobulin (3 cases), of the 16 patients, 14 patients improved.ConclusionThe HPV B19 infection rate in hospitalized patients suspected of microbial infection was 2.22%. Most patients with HPV B19 infection had a history of low immunity and blood transfusion. HPV B19 could be detected in various bodily fluids and tissues (especially cerebrospinal fluid) using NGS. Patients with severe HPV B19 infection may have nervous system damage such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and meningoencephalitis. Early diagnosis using NGS and treatment with antiviral drugs and immunoglobulin can improve prognosis.

Dataset Information

A cross-sectional study on risk factors for infection with Parvovirus B19 and the association with anaemia in a febrile paediatric population in Ghana.

Publications

A cross-sectional study on risk factors for infection with Parvovirus B19 and the association with anaemia in a febrile paediatric population in Ghana.

Similar Datasets

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