Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Objectives
Cognitive impairment is known to have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals and their caregivers, yet it is often underdiagnosed. The objective of this study is to assess the extent of cognitive impairment among elders visiting primary healthcare (PHC) practice settings, to explore associated risk factors and discuss current care challenges for PHC providers.Design
A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2013 and May 2014.Setting
Fourteen PHC units located in rural and urban areas of the Heraklion district in Crete, Greece.Participants
Consecutive visitors aged at least 60 years attending selected PHC practices.Primary and secondary outcome measures
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to indicate cognitive status. Associations of low MMSE scores (≤23/24, adjusted for education level) with 12 socio-demographic factors, comorbidities and lifestyle factors were assessed.Results
A total of 3140 PHC patients met inclusion criteria (43.2% male; mean age 73.7±7.8 years). The average MMSE score was 26.0±3.8; 26.7±3.5 in male and 25.4±3.9 in female participants (p<0.0001). Low MMSE scores were detected in 20.2% of participants; 25.9% for females vs 12.8% for males; p<0.0001. Female gender (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.72; 95% CI 2.31 to 3.47), age (AOR=1.11; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.13), having received only primary or no formal education (AOR=2.87; 95% CI 2.26 to 3.65), alcohol intake (AOR=1.19; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.37), reporting one or more sleep complaints (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.32), dyslipidaemia (AOR=0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.98) and history of depression (AOR=1.90; 95% CI 1.43 to 2.52) were associated with low MMSE scores.Conclusions
This study identified a relatively high prevalence of low MMSE scores among persons attending PHC practices in a southern European community setting and associations with several known risk factors.
SUBMITTER: Bertsias AK
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7517574 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Bertsias Antonios Konstantinos AK Tsiligianni Ioanna I Papadakis Sophia S Zaganas Ioannis I Duijker George G Symvoulakis Emmanouil K EK Papadokostakis Polyvios P Makri Kornilia K Iatraki Eliza E Tziraki Chariklia C Basta Maria M Panagiotakis Simeon S Boumpas Dimitrios D Moschandreas Joanna J Simos Panagiotis P Vgontzas Alexandros A Lionis Christos C
BMJ open 20200924 9
<h4>Objectives</h4>Cognitive impairment is known to have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals and their caregivers, yet it is often underdiagnosed. The objective of this study is to assess the extent of cognitive impairment among elders visiting primary healthcare (PHC) practice settings, to explore associated risk factors and discuss current care challenges for PHC providers.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2013 and May 2014.<h4>Setting</h ...[more]