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Molecular and serological characterization of occult hepatitis B among blood donors in Maputo, Mozambique.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) - characterized by the absence of detectable HBsAg in the presence of HBV DNA - represents a potential threat for blood safety. OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the serological and molecular characterization of occult HBV infection (OBI) among blood donors in Mozambique. METHODS:1,502 blood donors were tested for HBsAg. All HBsAg-negative individuals were tested for HBV DNA. Antibodies against HBV core, surface and HBe antigen (anti-HBc, anti-HBs, HBeAg) were measured in HBV DNA positive individuals. FINDINGS:1435 serum samples were HBsAg negative and 16 positive for HBV DNA, 14 confirmed to have OBI, corresponding to a frequency of 0.98%. Of the 14 OBI infections identified, 13/14 (92.8%) were positive for anti-HBc, 4/14 (28.5%) for anti-HBs, and no samples were reactive for HBeAg. Of the 14 OBI cases, nine samples (64.2%) were sequenced for the S/P region. Eight samples (88.9%) belonged to genotype A1 and one (11.1%) to genotype E. One escape mutation (T123A) associated with OBI and various amino acid substitutions for genotype A1 and E were observed. MAIN CONCLUSIONS:Our results show the importance of using nucleic acid amplification test to detect occult hepatitis B infection in blood donors in Mozambique.

SUBMITTER: Mabunda N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7523502 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular and serological characterization of occult hepatitis B among blood donors in Maputo, Mozambique.

Mabunda Nédio N Zicai Ana Flora AF Ismael Nalia N Vubil Adolfo A Mello Francisco F Blackard Jason T JT Lago Barbara B Duarte Vanessa V Moraes Milton M Lewis Lia L Jani Ilesh I

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 20200923

<h4>Background</h4>Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) - characterized by the absence of detectable HBsAg in the presence of HBV DNA - represents a potential threat for blood safety.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the serological and molecular characterization of occult HBV infection (OBI) among blood donors in Mozambique.<h4>Methods</h4>1,502 blood donors were tested for HBsAg. All HBsAg-negative individuals were tested for HBV DNA. Antibodies against HBV core ...[more]

PMID: 32997000

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Project description:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a significant threat to blood transfusion safety in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where allogeneic blood donations are screened serologically, and more sensitive nucleic acid tests (NATs) are utilized infrequently. HBV strains circulating among blood donors in Botswana are not yet characterized. We designed a cross-sectional study to determine the HBV sub-genotypes and prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among blood donors between November 2014 and October 2015. A total of 12,575 blood donations were screened for HBsAg and 50 consecutive plasma samples were selected for genotyping from confirmed HBsAg+ donations. Overlapping Pol and complete S (Pol/S) open reading frames (ORFs) were sequenced from extracted HBV DNA. To identify any signature amino acids, mutations were compared to sequences from a cohort of chronic HBV patients co-infected with HIV and were treatment naïve. The prevalence of HBsAg+ blood donors was 1.02% (95% CI 0.9-1.2%), and the circulating sub-genotypes were A1 serotype adw2 (36.1%), D2 serotype ayw2 (2.9%), and D3 serotypes ayw 1/2 (58.3%). Prevalence of escape mutations was 14% from HBV isolates of blood donors and 15% from isolates of HBV/HIV co-infected patients (p = 0.6926). The escape mutations sP120L, sG130R, sY134H, and sD144A were identified predominantly among HBV isolates from blood donors. These escape mutations have been associated with accelerated HBV sequelae [e.g., liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)], failure to detect HBsAg, inability to respond to immunoglobulin (Ig) therapy, and HBV vaccine escape. Characterizing the HBV burden, circulating sub-genotypes, and clinically relevant mutations among blood donors in Botswana is important to elucidate the efficacy of currently available vaccines, predicting HBV-transmission patterns, understanding the cohort's risk to HBV-related complications, and to developing prevention strategies and effective genotype-based antiretroviral therapies.

Dataset Information

Molecular and serological characterization of occult hepatitis B among blood donors in Maputo, Mozambique.

Publications

Molecular and serological characterization of occult hepatitis B among blood donors in Maputo, Mozambique.

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