Mushrooms-Rich Preparations on Wound Healing: From Nutritional to Medicinal Attributes
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sharifi-Rad J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7525158 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Healing of cutaneous wounds is a complex and well-coordinated process requiring cooperation among multiple cells from different lineages and delicately orchestrated signaling transduction of a diversity of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix (ECM) at the wound site. Most skin wound healing in adults is imperfect, characterized by scar formation which results in significant functional and psychological sequelae. Thus, the reconstruction of the damaged skin to its original state is of concern to doctors and scientists. Beyond the traditional treatments such as corticosteroid injection and radiation therapy, several growth factors or cytokines-based anti-scarring products are being or have been tested in clinical trials to optimize skin wound healing. Unfortunately, all have been unsatisfactory to date. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that the ECM not only functions as the structural component of the tissue but also actively modulates signal transduction and regulates cellular behaviors, and thus, ECM should be considered as an alternative target for wound management pharmacotherapy. Of particular interest are small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), a group of the ECM, which exist in a wide range of connecting tissues, including the skin. This manuscript summarizes the most current knowledge of SLRPs regarding their spatial-temporal expression in the skin, as well as lessons learned from the genetically modified animal models simulating human skin pathologies. In this review, particular focus is given on the diverse roles of SLRP in skin wound healing, such as anti-inflammation, pro-angiogenesis, pro-migration, pro-contraction, and orchestrate transforming growth factor (TGF)β signal transduction, since cumulative investigations have indicated their therapeutic potential on reducing scar formation in cutaneous wounds. By conducting this review, we intend to gain insight into the potential application of SLRPs in cutaneous wound healing management which may pave the way for the development of a new generation of pharmaceuticals to benefit the patients suffering from skin wounds and their sequelae.
| S-EPMC6997777 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been suggested to be effective for wound healing. However, evidence for its use in patients with acute and chronic wounds remains insufficient. The aims of this study were to comprehensively examine the effectiveness, synergy and possible mechanism of PRP-mediated improvement of acute skin wound repair. Methods:Full-thickness wounds were made on the back of C57/BL6 mice. PRP or saline solution as a control was administered to the wound area. Wound healing rate, local inflammation, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization and collagen deposition were measured at days 3, 5, 7 and 14 after skin injury. The biological character of epidermal stem cells (ESCs), which reflect the potential for re-epithelialization, was further evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results:PRP strongly improved skin wound healing, which was associated with regulation of local inflammation, enhancement of angiogenesis and re-epithelialization. PRP treatment significantly reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-1?. An increase in the local vessel intensity and enhancement of re-epithelialization were also observed in animals with PRP administration and were associated with enhanced secretion of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-1. Moreover, PRP treatment ameliorated the survival and activated the migration and proliferation of primary cultured ESCs, and these effects were accompanied by the differentiation of ESCs into adult cells following the changes of CD49f and keratin 10 and keratin 14. Conclusion:PRP improved skin wound healing by modulating inflammation and increasing angiogenesis and re-epithelialization. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism needs to be investigated in the future. Our data provide a preliminary theoretical foundation for the clinical administration of PRP in wound healing and skin regeneration.
| S-EPMC7427034 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product that contains a high concentration of platelets and leucocytes, which are fundamental fibroblast proliferation agents. Literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings about leucocytes within PRP. Herein, we elucidated the effects of highly concentrated leucocytes and platelets on human fibroblasts. METHODS:Leucocyte-rich, PRP (LR-PRP) and leucocyte-poor, platelet-poor plasma (LP-PPP) were compared to identify their effects on human fibroblasts, including cell proliferation, wound healing and extracellular matrix and adhesion molecule gene expressions. RESULTS:The LR-PRP exhibited 1422.00 ± 317.21 × 103 platelets/µL and 16.36 ± 2.08 × 103 white blood cells/µL whilst the LP-PPP demonstrated lower concentrations of 55.33 ± 10.13 × 103 platelets/µL and 0.8 ± 0.02 × 103 white blood cells/µL. LR-PRP enhanced fibroblast cell proliferation and cell migration, and demonstrated either upregulation or down-regulation gene expression profile of the extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules. CONCLUSION:LR-PRP has a continuous stimulatory anabolic and ergogenic effect on human fibroblast cells.
| S-EPMC7556022 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The pharmaceutical industry has made great strides in providing drugs that are able to stimulate the healing process, but only 1-3% of all drugs that are listed in Western pharmacopoeias are intended for use on the skin or cutaneous wounds. Of these, at least one-third are obtained from plants. We sought to review the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants on human skin lesions. For this systematic review, we searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify clinical trials that were published from 1997 to 2017. We reviewed studies that described the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of skin lesions in humans. Ten studies were selected, eight of which were published from 2007 to 2016, with a total of 503 patients. Among the plant species that were used for the treatment of human skin lesions, 12 belonged to 11 families and were included in the analysis. All of the plant species that were studied presented high therapeutic potential for the treatment of cutaneous lesions.
| S-EPMC5901822 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcription profiling by array of wounded Nematostella juvenile polyps compared against uninjured animals and animals exposed to the MAPK inhibitor U0126
2014-03-10 | E-MTAB-2341 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The development of molecular biology and other new biotechnologies helps us to recognize the wound healing and non-healing wound of skin in the past 30 years. This review mainly focuses on the molecular biology of many cytokines (including growth factors) and other molecular factors such as extracellular matrix (ECM) on wound healing. The molecular biology in cell movement such as epidermal cells in wound healing was also discussed. Moreover many common chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers, leg ulcers, diabetic foot wounds, venous stasis ulcers, etc. usually deteriorate into non-healing wounds. Therefore the molecular biology such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other molecular factors in diabetes non-healing wounds were also reviewed.
| S-EPMC5555286 | biostudies-other
Project description:The present study investigates the wound healing potential of three chitosan-based topical preparations loaded with either tea tree essential oil, rosemary essential oil or a mixture of both oils in vivo. Essential oils of M. alternifolia and R. officinalis were analyzed using GC/MS. Essential oil-loaded chitosan topical preparations were formulated. Wound healing potential was evaluated in vivo using an excision wound model in rats. GC/MS analysis of M. alternifolia and R. officinalis essential oils revealed richness in oxygenated monoterpenes, representing 51.06% and 69.61% of the total oil composition, respectively. Topical application of chitosan-based formulation loaded with a mixture of tea tree and rosemary oils resulted in a significant increase in wound contraction percentage compared to either group treated with individual essential oils and the untreated group. Histopathological examination revealed that topical application of tea tree and rosemary oil combination demonstrated complete re-epithelialization associated with activated hair follicles. The high percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes in both essential oils play an important role in the antioxidant and wound healing potential observed herein. Incorporation of tea tree and rosemary essential oils in chitosan-based preparations in appropriate combination could efficiently promote different stages of wound healing.
| S-EPMC6746351 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6445324 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Porous collagen-glycosaminoglycan (collagen-GAG) scaffolds have shown promising clinical results for wound healing; however, these scaffolds do not replace the dermal and epidermal layer simultaneously and rely on local endogenous signaling to direct healing. Functionalizing collagen-GAG scaffolds with signaling factors, and/or additional matrix molecules, could help overcome these challenges. An ideal candidate for this is platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as it is a natural reservoir of growth factors, can be activated to form a fibrin gel, and is available intraoperatively. We tested the factors released from PRP (PRPr) and found that at specific concentrations, PRPr enhanced cell proliferation and migration and induced angiogenesis to a greater extent than fetal bovine serum (FBS) controls. This motivated us to develop a strategy to successfully incorporate PRP homogeneously within the pores of the collagen-GAG scaffolds. The composite scaffold released key growth factors for wound healing (FGF, TGFβ) and vascularization (VEGF, PDGF) for up to 14 days. In addition, the composite scaffold had enhanced mechanical properties (when compared to PRP gel alone), while providing a continuous upper surface of extracellular matrix (ECM) for keratinocyte seeding. The levels of the factors released from the composite scaffold were sufficient to sustain proliferation of key cells involved in wound healing, including human endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes; even in the absence of FBS supplementation. In functional in vitro and in vivo vascularization assays, our composite scaffold demonstrated increased angiogenic and vascularization potential, which is known to lead to enhanced wound healing. Upon pro-inflammatory induction, macrophages released lower levels of the pro-inflammatory marker MIP-1α when treated with PRPr; and released higher levels of the anti-inflammatory marker IL1-ra upon both pro- and anti-inflammatory induction when treated with the composite scaffold. Finally, our composite scaffold supported a co-culture system of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes that resulted in an epidermal-like layer, with keratinocytes constrained to the surface of the scaffold; by contrast, keratinocytes were observed infiltrating the PRP-free scaffold. This novel composite scaffold has the potential for rapid translation to the clinic by isolating PRP from a patient intraoperatively and combining it with regulatory approved scaffolds to enhance wound repair.
| S-EPMC6915093 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wound healing remained an equation with multiple variables that experts in the medical field are trying to solve. The need to find an adjuvant that can quicken the healing process is increasing with every day, as longer wound healing times raise the risk of infections. Platelet-rich plasma is a promising tool promoting faster healing in a variety of wounds (thermal wounds, burn wounds, surgeries, etc.), as a series of studies present encouraging results in patients that received platelet-rich plasma treatment. The aim of this paper is to review and comment on the useful benefits and limitations of using platelet-rich plasma as an adjuvant strategy in wound healing, emphasizing on skin related wounds.
| S-EPMC7086061 | biostudies-literature