Exposure-weighted scoring for metabolic syndrome and the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke: a nationwide population-based study
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lee E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7525999 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that abnormal sleep duration is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, evidence on the association of sleep duration with stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and tumors in populations with MetS is limited.MethodsA total of 8968 participants (2754 with MetS at baseline) were recruited in this retrospective study between March 2012 and December 2012. The baseline characteristics and information on sleep duration were collected by self-reported questionnaires. In addition, physical examination and blood test were also performed. The outcome events in this study were new onset of stroke, MI and tumors during subsequent follow-up. Multivariate logistic regressions were adopted to investigate the relationships between sleep duration and outcome events among different sleep duration groups (<?6?h, 6-7?h, 7-8?h [reference], 8-9?h, and?>?9?h per day) in participants with MetS.ResultsThe mean self-reported total sleep duration was 7.8?±?1.2?h. Compared with participants with MetS slept for 7-8?h per day, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for those slept for >?9?h in stroke, MI and tumors were 2.014 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.184-3.426, P?=?0.010), 1.731 (95% CI: 0.896-3.344, P?=?0.102) and 2.159 (95% CI: 0.991-4.704, P?=?0.053), respectively, whereas the adjusted ORs for those slept for <?6?h in stroke, MI and tumors were 2.249 (95% CI: 0.973-5.195, P?=?0.058), 1.213 (95% CI, 0.358-4.104, P?=?0.756) and 1.743 (95% CI, 0.396-7.668, P?=?0.462), respectively.ConclusionsLong sleep duration (>?9?h) significantly increased the risk of stroke but not MI and tumors in individuals with MetS compared with 7-8?h of sleep duration. Short sleep duration (<?6?h) was not associated with the increased risk of stroke, MI and tumors in individuals with MetS.
| S-EPMC7321539 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsA high visit-to-visit variability in cholesterol levels has been suggested to be an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Because whether this notion applies to general population is not known, we aimed to investigate the associations between total cholesterol (TC) variability and the risk of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.Methods and resultsWe identified 3 656 648 subjects without a history of MI and stroke who underwent ≥3 health examinations from 2002 to 2007 in the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort. Total cholesterol variability was measured using the coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD), and variability independent of the mean (VIM). There were 84 625 deaths (2.3%), 40 991 cases of MI (1.1%), and 42 861 cases of stroke (1.2%) during the median follow-up of 8.3 years. There was a linear association between higher TC variability and outcome measures. In the multivariable adjusted model, the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals comparing the highest vs. lowest quartiles of CV of TC were 1.26 (1.24-1.28) for all-cause mortality, 1.08 (1.05-1.11) for MI, and 1.11 (1.08-1.14) for stroke, which was independent of mean TC levels and the use of lipid-lowering agents. The results were consistent when modelling variability of TC using SD and VIM, and in various sensitivity analyses.ConclusionHigh variability in lipid levels is associated with adverse health-related outcomes. These findings suggest that lipid variability is an important risk factor in the general population.
| S-EPMC6251576 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNoise from wind turbines (WTs) is reported as more annoying than traffic noise at similar levels, raising concerns as to whether WT noise (WTN) increases risk for cardiovascular disease, as observed for traffic noise.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether long-term exposure to WTN increases risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke.MethodsWe identified all Danish dwellings within a radius 20 times the height of the closest WT and 25% of the dwellings within [Formula: see text] the height of the closest WT. Using data on WT type and simulated hourly wind at each WT, we estimated hourly outdoor and low frequency (LF) indoor WTN for each dwelling and derived 1-y and 5-y running nighttime averages. We used hospital and mortality registries to identify all incident cases of MI ([Formula: see text]) and stroke ([Formula: see text]) among all adults age 25-85 y ([Formula: see text]), who lived in one of these dwellings for [Formula: see text] over the period 1982-2013. We used Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) adjusted for individual- and area-level covariates.ResultsIRRs for MI in association with 5-y nighttime outdoor WTN [Formula: see text] (vs. [Formula: see text]) dB(A) and indoor LF WTN [Formula: see text] (vs. [Formula: see text]) dB(A) were 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91, 1.62; 47 exposed cases] and 1.29 (95% CI: 0.73, 2.28; 12 exposed cases), respectively. IRRs for intermediate categories of outdoor WTN [24-30, 30-36, and [Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text]] were slightly above the null and of similar size: 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.12), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.12), and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.22), respectively. For stroke, IRRs for the second and third outdoor exposure groups were similar to those for MI, but near or below the null for higher exposures.ConclusionsWe did not find convincing evidence of associations between WTN and MI or stroke. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3340.
| S-EPMC6768320 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although it has been suggested that the γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level is an indicator of cardiometabolic disorders, there is no previous study to evaluate the implication of GGT variability on the development of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. GGT variability was measured as the coefficient variance (GGT-CV), standard deviation (GGT-SD), and variability independent of the mean (GGT-VIM). Using the population-based Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, we followed 158,736 Korean adults over a median duration of 8.4 years. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, the risk of mortality, MI, and stroke showed a stepwise increase according to the quartiles of GGT-CV, GGT-SD or GGT-VIM. In the highest quartile of GGT-CV compared to the lowest quartile after adjusting for confounding variables including mean GGT, the hazard ratios (HRs) for incident MI, stroke, mortality, and CVD-related mortality were 1.19 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.34; p < 0.001), 1.20 (95% CI, 1.10-1.32; p < 0.001), 1.41 (95% CI, 1.33-1.51; p < 0.001), and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.30-1.78; p < 0.001), respectively, which were similar or even higher compared with those associated with total cholesterol variability. This is the first study to demonstrate that high GGT variability is associated with increased risk of MI, stroke, all-cause mortality, and CVD-related mortality in the general population.
| S-EPMC6617005 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThis study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in farmers compared to the general population and to establish 5-year prediction models.MethodsThe farmer cohort and the control cohort were generated using the customized database of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea database and the National Sample Cohort, respectively. The participants were followed from the day of the index general health examination until the events of MI, stroke, or death (up to 5 years).ResultsIn total, 734 744 participants from the farmer cohort and 238 311 from the control cohort aged between 40 and 70 were included. The age-adjusted incidence of MI was 0.766 and 0.585 per 1000 person-years in the farmer and control cohorts, respectively. That of stroke was 0.559 and 0.321 per 1000 person-years in both cohorts, respectively. In farmers, the risk factors for MI included male sex, age, personal history of hypertension, diabetes, current smoking, creatinine, metabolic syndrome components (blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Those for stroke included male sex, age, personal history of hypertension, diabetes, current smoking, high γ-glutamyl transferase, and metabolic syndrome components (blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). The prediction model showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.735 and 0.760 for MI and stroke, respectively, in the farmer cohort.ConclusionsFarmers had a higher age-adjusted incidence of MI and stroke. They also showed distinct patterns in cardiovascular risk factors compared to the general population.
| S-EPMC7569019 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWaist circumference (WC) is a well-known obesity index that predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). We studied the relationship between baseline WC and development of incident myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS) using a nationwide population-based cohort, and evaluated if its predictability is better than body mass index (BMI).MethodsOur study included 21,749,261 Koreans over 20 years of age who underwent the Korean National Health Screening between 2009 and 2012. The occurrence of MI or IS was investigated until the end of 2015 using National Health Insurance Service data.ResultsA total of 127,289 and 181,637 subjects were newly diagnosed with MI and IS. The incidence rate and hazard ratio of MI and IS increased linearly as the WC level increased, regardless of adjustment for BMI. When the analyses were performed according to 11 groups of WC, the lowest risk of MI was found in subjects with WC of 70 to 74.9 and 65 to 69.9 cm in male and female, and the lowest risk of IS in subjects with WC of 65 to 69.9 and 60 to 64.9 cm in male and female, respectively. WC showed a better ability to predict CVD than BMI with smaller Akaike information criterion. The optimal WC cutoffs were 84/78 cm for male/female for predicting MI, and 85/78 cm for male/female for predicting IS.ConclusionWC had a significant linear relationship with the risk of MI and IS and the risk began to increase from a WC that was lower than expected.
| S-EPMC6470098 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThis study examined how a history of myocardial infarction (MI) in a person's first-degree relatives affects that person's risk of developing MI and autoimmune diseases.DesignNationwide population-based cross-sectional study SETTING: All healthcare facilities in Taiwan.ParticipantsA total of 24 361 345 individuals were enrolled.MethodsUsing data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of data collected from all beneficiaries in the Taiwan National Health Insurance system in 2015, of whom 259 360 subjects had at least one first-degree relative affected by MI in 2015. We estimated the absolute risks and relative risks (RRs) of MI and autoimmune disease in those subjects, and the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to their MI susceptibility.ResultsThe absolute risks of MI for subjects with at least one affected first-degree relative and the general population were 0.87% and 0.56%, respectively, in 2015. Patients with affected first-degree relatives were significantly associated with a higher RR of MI (1.76, 95% CI: 1.68 to 1.85) compared with the general population. There was no association with a higher RR of autoimmune disease. The sibling, offspring and parental MI history conferred RRs (95% CI) for MI of 2.35 (1.96 to 2.83), 2.21 (2.05 to 2.39) and 1.60 (1.52 to 1.68), respectively. The contributions of heritability, shared environmental factors and non-shared environmental factors to MI susceptibility were 19.6%, 3.4% and 77.0%, respectively.ConclusionsIndividuals who have first-degree relatives with a history of MI have a higher risk of developing MI than the general population. Non-shared environmental factors contributed more significantly to MI susceptibility than did heritability and shared environmental factors. A family history of MI was not associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disease.
| S-EPMC6475449 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recent genome-wide association studies suggest some overlap of genetic determinants of ischemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to assess shared familial risk between IS and MI in a large, population-wide cohort study.Study participants free of IS and MI and their affected siblings were extracted from the Swedish Hospital Discharge and Cause of Death Registers between 1987 and 2007, forming an exposed sib-pair. They were matched by birth year of both siblings and calendar period to up to five unexposed sib-pairs. Stratified Cox regression analyses were used to assess familial risk of MI and IS in those exposed to having a sibling with IS (n?=?31,659) and MI (n?=?62,766), respectively, compared to unexposed (n?=?143,728 and 265,974).The overall risk of MI when exposed to having a sibling with IS was statistically significantly increased (RR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.34-1.55, p?<?0.001) to a similar extent as risk of IS when exposed to having a sibling with MI (RR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.32-1.50, p?<?0.001). The familial risks were similar in full siblings for both groups (RR for MI, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.35-1.58, p?<?0.001; and RR for IS, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.30-1.40, p?<?0.001) and half siblings (RR for MI, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.59, p?<?0.001; and RR for IS, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16-1.65, p?<?0.001).This large, population-wide study indicates that there is considerable overlap of familial risk between IS and MI.
| S-EPMC4668847 | biostudies-other
Project description:Sterile tissue injury after stroke causes lymphocyte contraction in lymphoid tissues and may decrease circulating IgA-levels. Intestinal Peyer’s patches (PP) harbor large numbers of IgA+ B cell precursors and plasma cells. Whether and how tissue injury triggers PP-B cell death, thereby mediating IgA-loss, is unknown. We found decreased circulating IgA levels in stroke and myocardial infarction patients. Experimental stroke and myocardial infarction in mice phenocopied the human situation. Decreased plasma and fecal IgA were accompanied by rapid and macroscopic shrinkage of PP caused by substantial losses of PP-resident IgA+ precursors and plasma cells in mice. Tissue injury induced neutrophil activation endowed with the release of toxic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Antibody-mediated or genetically- induced neutrophil loss, digestion of NETs, or inhibition of their release by the Gasdermin D blockade completely prevented lymphocyte loss and PP shrinkage. We also identified NETs in the plasma of stroke and myocardial infarction patients. Hence, tissue injury induces systemic NET-release, which might be targeted to maintain immune homeostasis at mucosal barriers.
2024-02-28 | PXD044644 | Pride
Project description:BackgroundFamily history of myocardial infarction (MI) is an independent risk factor for MI. Several genetic variants are associated with increased risk of MI and family history of MI in a first-degree relative doubles MI risk. However, although family history of MI is not a simple dichotomous risk factor, the impact of specific, detailed family histories has not received much attention, despite its high clinical relevance. We examined risk of MI by MIs in first- and second-degree relatives and by number and age of affected relatives.Methods and findingsUsing Danish national registers, we established a nationwide cohort of persons born between 1930 and 1992 with identifiable first- or second-degree relatives. Incident MIs in both cohort members and relatives aged ≥20 years were identified. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for MI by family history of MI, by Poisson regression. In 4.4 million persons followed for 104 million person-years, we identified 128,384 incident MIs. IRRs with 95% confidence intervals [CIs] for MI by history of MI in 1, 2 or ≥3 first-degree relatives were 1.46 (1.42-1.49), 2.38 (2.22-2.56) and 3.58 (2.66-4.81), respectively. Corresponding estimates for second-degree relatives were 1.17 (1.05-1.30), 1.87 (1.46-2.38) and 2.18 (1.09-4.36). A history of MI in combinations of first- and second-degree relatives increased risks 1.8- to 7-fold in middle-aged persons (36 to 55 years). Estimates were robust to adjustment for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and use of cardiovascular medications.ConclusionA detailed family history, particularly number of affected first- and second-degree relatives, contributes meaningfully to risk assessment, especially in middle-aged persons. Future studies should test for potential improvement of risk algorithm prediction using detailed family histories.
| S-EPMC4444238 | biostudies-literature