Dataset Information

Duration of gargling and rinsing among frequent mouthwash users: a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To examine the rinsing and gargling mouthwash practices among frequent mouthwash users to determine if there are differences in use between gender, sexual orientation and sex work status. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Data obtained from patients attending a sexual health centre located in Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS:200 frequent mouthwash users (four or more times per week), 50 for each of the following patient groups: men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), females who are not sex workers and men who have sex with women only (MSW). Participants were observed and audio recorded using mouthwash. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Descriptive analyses were conducted to calculate the median age, time rinsing and gargling, amount of mouthwash used and proportion of participants who rinsed, gargled or both, as determined from the audio files. Kruskal-Wallis H test and ?2 test were used to examine differences between the patient groups. RESULTS:Median age was 28 years (IQR: 24-33). During the study, most (n=127; 63.5%) rinsed and gargled, but 70 (35.0%) rinsed only and three (1.5%) gargled only. Median time rinsing was 13.5?s (IQR: 8.5-22.0?s), gargling was 4.0?s (IQR: 2.5-6.0?s) and the median total duration was 17.0?s (IQR: 11.5-25.8?s). Median duration of mouthwash did not differ significantly between the groups (females not sex workers: 18.8?s (IQR: 12.5-24.5?s); FSW: 14.0?s (9.0-22.0?s); MSM: 22.3?s (13.0-26.5?s); MSW: 15.8?s (12.0-25.0?s); p=0.070) but males used mouthwash longer than females (median 20.3?s compared with 15.5?s; p=0.034). The median volume of mouthwash used was 20 mL (IQR: 15-27 mL). And most (n=198; 99.0%) did not dilute mouthwash with water. CONCLUSION:Over a quarter of frequent users do not gargle mouthwash at all (35%) and used it for a substantially shorter period of time than it was used in the randomised trial (1?min) where it was shown to be effective at inhibiting Neisseria gonorrhoeae growth. Our findings suggest that many frequent mouthwash users do not follow the manufacturer instructions for using mouthwash and may not use mouthwash in a way that was shown to reduce the growth of oropharyngeal gonorrhoea.

SUBMITTER: Phillips TR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7526318 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Duration of gargling and rinsing among frequent mouthwash users: a cross-sectional study.

Phillips Tiffany Renee TR Fairley Christopher C Maddaford Kate K Trumpour Sabrina S Wigan Rebecca R Bradshaw Catriona C Hocking Jane S JS Chow Eric P F EPF

BMJ open 20200929 9

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the rinsing and gargling mouthwash practices among frequent mouthwash users to determine if there are differences in use between gender, sexual orientation and sex work status.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>Data obtained from patients attending a sexual health centre located in Melbourne, Australia.<h4>Participants</h4>200 frequent mouthwash users (four or more times per week), 50 for each of the following patient groups: men who have sex with m ...[more]

PMID: 32994261

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Project description:BackgroundPatient portals offer patients access to their medical information and tools to communicate with health care providers. It has been shown that patient portals have the potential to positively impact health outcomes and efficiency of health care. It is therefore important that health care organizations identify the patients who use or do not use the patient portal and explore the reasons in either case. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is a frequently used theory for explaining the use of information technology. It consists of the following constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and behavioral intention to use.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the prevalence of patient portal use and the characteristics of patients who use or do not use a patient portal. The main constructs of UTAUT, together with demographics and disease- and care-related characteristics, have been measured to explore the predictive factors of portal use.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient departments for adult patients of a university hospital in the Netherlands. Following outcomes were included: self-reported portal use, characteristics of users such as demographics, disease- and care-related data, eHealth literacy (modified score), and scores of UTAUT constructs. Descriptive analyses and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were also conducted.ResultsIn the analysis, 439 adult patients were included. Furthermore, 32.1% (141/439) identified as being a user of the patient portal; 31.2% (137/439) indicated as nonusers, but being aware of the existence of the portal; and 36.6% (161/439) as being nonusers not aware of the existence of the portal. In the entire study population, the factors of being chronically ill (odds ratio, OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.04-2.52) and eHealth literacy (modified score; OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07-1.18) best predicted portal use. In users and nonusers who were aware of the portal, UTAUT constructs were added to the multivariate logistic regression, with chronically ill and modified eHealth literacy sum score. Effort expectancy (OR 13.02, 95% CI 5.68-29.87) and performance expectancy (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.65-4.90) are shown to significantly influence portal use in this group.ConclusionsApproximately one-third of the patients of a university hospital self-reported using the patient portal; most expressed satisfaction. At first sight, being chronically ill and higher scores on the modified eHealth literacy scale explained portal use. Adding UTAUT constructs to the model revealed that effort expectancy (ease of use and knowledge and skills related to portal use) and performance expectancy (perceived usefulness) influenced portal use. Interventions to improve awareness of the portal and eHealth literacy skills of patients and further integration of the patient portal in usual face-to-face care are needed to increase use and potential subsequent patient benefits.

Dataset Information

Duration of gargling and rinsing among frequent mouthwash users: a cross-sectional study.

Publications

Duration of gargling and rinsing among frequent mouthwash users: a cross-sectional study.

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