Morphometry and morphology of rostral cranial fossa in brachycephalic dogs - CT studies.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sokolowski W
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7529308 | biostudies-literature | 2020
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Morphometry and morphology of rostral cranial fossa in brachycephalic dogs - CT studies.
Sokołowski Wojciech W Barszcz Karolina K Kupczyńska Marta M Czopowicz Michał M Czubaj Norbert N Kinda Wojciech W Kiełbowicz Zdzisław Z
PloS one 20201001 10
Hydrocephalus occurs more often in brachycephalic individuals of different species. Detailed analysis of rostral cranial fossa-region of cerebrospinal fluid outflow-is necessary to understand causes leading to hydrocephalus in specimens with shortened skull. The objective of the study was to determine morphology and morphometry of rostral cranial fossa in brachycephalic dogs. Skulls of 126 dogs of different breeds and morphotypes were examined using computed tomography. Linear and volumetric mea ...[more]
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Project description:Background and purposeDAVFs rarely involve the sphenoid wings and middle cranial fossa. We characterize the angiographic findings, treatment, and outcome of DAVFs within the sphenoid wings.Materials and methodsWe reviewed the clinical and radiologic data of 11 patients with DAVFs within the sphenoid wing that were treated with an endovascular or with a combined endovascular and surgical approach.ResultsNine patients presented with ocular symptoms and 1 patient had a temporal parenchymal hematoma. Angiograms showed that 5 DAVFs were located on the lesser wing of sphenoid bone, whereas the other 6 were on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Multiple branches of the ICA and ECA supplied the lesions in 7 patients. Four patients had cortical venous reflux and 7 patients had varices. Eight patients were treated with transarterial embolization using liquid embolic agents, while 3 patients were treated with transvenous embolization with coils or in combination with Onyx. Surgical disconnection of the cortical veins was performed in 2 patients with incompletely occluded DAVFs. Anatomic cure was achieved in all patients. Eight patients had angiographic and clinical follow-up and none had recurrence of their lesions.ConclusionsDAVFs may occur within the dura of the sphenoid wings and may often have a presentation similar to cavernous sinus DAVFs, but because of potential associations with the cerebral venous system, may pose a risk for intracranial hemorrhage. Curative embolization through a transarterial or transvenous approach is the primary therapeutic strategy for these lesions. In incompletely embolized patients, exclusion of any refluxing cortical veins is necessary.
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Project description:Background and purposeMiddle cranial fossa encephaloceles are an increasingly recognized cause of epilepsy; however, they are also often encountered on neuroimaging in patients with no history of seizure. We characterized the MR imaging features of middle cranial fossa encephaloceles in seizure and nonseizure groups with the hope of uncovering features predictive of epileptogenicity.Materials and methodsSeventy-seven patients with middle cranial fossa encephaloceles were prospectively identified during routine clinical practice of neuroradiology at a tertiary care hospital during an 18-month period. Thirty-five of 77 (45%) had a history of seizure, 20/77 (26%) had temporal lobe epilepsy, and 42/77 (55%) had no history of seizures. Middle cranial fossa encephalocele features on MR imaging were characterized, including depth, area, number, location, presence of adjacent encephalomalacia, and degree of associated parenchymal morphologic distortion. MR imaging features were compared between the seizure and nonseizure groups.ResultsNo significant difference in MR imaging features of middle cranial fossa encephaloceles was seen when comparing the seizure and nonseizure groups. Comparison of just those patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 20) with those with no history of seizure (n = 42) also found no significant difference in MR imaging features.ConclusionsAnatomic MR imaging features of middle cranial fossa encephaloceles such as size, number, adjacent encephalomalacia, and the degree of adjacent parenchymal morphologic distortion may not be useful in predicting likelihood of epileptogenicity.
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