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Clinical characteristics of resected solitary ground-glass opacities: Comparison between benign and malignant nodules.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The management of ground-glass opacities (GGOs) depends mainly on personal experience. In clinical practice, benign GGOs are not rare in resected specimens, for which operations may be avoided. We retrospectively compared the clinical features of resected GGOs to identify differential diagnostic characteristics. METHODS:Among 1456 patients with suspected malignant GGOs who underwent surgical resection, 105 patients (35 with benign GGOs and 70 matched controls with malignant GGOs) were included. Clinical characteristics, including demographics and radiologic, surgical and pathologic characteristics, were collected. RESULTS:The smoking index (P = 0.044), frequency of coughing (P = 0.026), GGO size (P = 0.003), size change during follow-up (P = 0.011), location (P = 0.022), presence of air bronchogram sign (P = 0.004), distance to the pleura (P = 0.021) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) appearance (P = 0.003) showed significant differences between the benign and malignant groups. Pathologically, the resected benign GGOs included focal fibrosis (17), inflammation or infection (seven), lymphoproliferative disorder (one), hamartoma (three), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (two), hemangioma or vascular malformation (two), endometriosis (two) and pulmonary cyst (one). CONCLUSIONS:A higher smoking index, coughing, larger size, similar or increased size during follow-up, location in the upper and middle lobes, air bronchogram sign on CT, lesion margin to pleura distance over 1 cm, and malignant tendency on PET/CT reports were associated with malignant GGOs. Relatively active surgical interventions could be considered for GGOs highly suspected of malignancy.

SUBMITTER: Qin Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7529560 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Clinical characteristics of resected solitary ground-glass opacities: Comparison between benign and malignant nodules.

Qin Yingzhi Y Xu Yuan Y Ma Dongjie D Tian Zhenhuan Z Huang Cheng C Zhou Xiaoyun X He Jia J Liu Lei L Guo Chao C Wang Guige G Zhang Jiaqi J Wang Yanqing Y Liu Hongsheng H

Thoracic cancer 20200825 10

<h4>Background</h4>The management of ground-glass opacities (GGOs) depends mainly on personal experience. In clinical practice, benign GGOs are not rare in resected specimens, for which operations may be avoided. We retrospectively compared the clinical features of resected GGOs to identify differential diagnostic characteristics.<h4>Methods</h4>Among 1456 patients with suspected malignant GGOs who underwent surgical resection, 105 patients (35 with benign GGOs and 70 matched controls with malig ...[more]

PMID: 32844603

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Project description:BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) has been widely known to be the first choice for the diagnosis of solid solitary pulmonary nodules (SSPNs). However, the smaller the SSPN is, the less the differential CT signs between benign and malignant SSPNs there are, which brings great challenges to their diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differential CT features between small (≤15 mm) benign and malignant SSPNs with different sizes.MethodsFrom May 2018 to November 2021, CT data of 794 patients with small SSPNs (≤15 mm) were retrospectively analyzed. SSPNs were divided into benign and malignant groups, and each group was further classified into three cohorts: cohort I (diameter ≤6 mm), cohort II (6 mm < diameter ≤8 mm), and cohort III (8 mm < diameter ≤15 mm). The differential CT features of benign and malignant SSPNs in three cohorts were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent factors of benign SSPNs.ResultsIn cohort I, polygonal shape and upper-lobe distribution differed significantly between groups (all P<0.05) and multiparametric analysis showed polygonal shape [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 12.165; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.512-97.872; P=0.019] was the most effective variation for predicting benign SSPNs, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.640-0.855; P=0.001). In cohort II, polygonal shape, lobulation, pleural retraction, and air bronchogram differed significantly between groups (all P<0.05), and polygonal shape (OR: 8.870; 95% CI: 1.096-71.772; P=0.041) and the absence of pleural retraction (OR: 0.306; 95% CI: 0.106-0.883; P=0.028) were independent predictors of benign SSPNs, with an AUC of 0.778 (95% CI: 0.694-0.863; P<0.001). In cohort III, 12 CT features showed significant differences between groups (all P<0.05) and polygonal shape (OR: 3.953; 95% CI: 1.508-10.361; P=0.005); calcification (OR: 3.710; 95% CI: 1.305-10.551; P=0.014); halo sign (OR: 6.237; 95% CI: 2.838-13.710; P<0.001); satellite lesions (OR: 6.554; 95% CI: 3.225-13.318; P<0.001); and the absence of lobulation (OR: 0.066; 95% CI: 0.026-0.167; P<0.001), air space (OR: 0.405; 95% CI: 0.215-0.764; P=0.005), pleural retraction (OR: 0.297; 95% CI: 0.179-0.493; P<0.001), bronchial truncation (OR: 0.165; 95% CI: 0.090-0.303; P<0.001), and air bronchogram (OR: 0.363; 95% CI: 0.208-0.633; P<0.001) were independent predictors of benign SSPNs, with an AUC of 0.869 (95% CI: 0.840-0.897; P<0.001).ConclusionsCT features vary between SSPNs with different sizes. Clarifying the differential CT features based on different diameter ranges may help to minimize ambiguities and discriminate the benign SSPNs from malignant ones.

Project description:PURPOSE:Intraoperative localization and resection of ill-defined pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGOs) during minimally invasive pulmonary resection is technically challenging. Current preoperative techniques to facilitate localization of GGOs include microcoil and hook wire placement, both of which have logistic limitations, carry safety concerns, and do not help with margin assessment. In this clinical trial, we explored an alternative method involving near-infrared molecular imaging with a folate receptor-targeted agent, OTL38, to improve localization of GGOs and confirmation of resection margins. METHODS:In a human trial, 20 subjects with pulmonary GGOs who were eligible for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) resection received 0.025 mg/kg of OTL38 before the resection. The primary objectives were to (1) determine whether use of OTL38 allows safe localization of GGOs and assessment of margins during VATS and (2) determine patient, radiographic, and histopathologic variables that predict the amount of fluorescence during near-infrared imaging. RESULTS:We observed no toxicity. Of the 21 GGOs, 20 accumulated OTL38 and displayed fluorescence upon in situ or back table evaluation. Intraoperatively, near-infrared imaging localized 15 of 21 lesions whereas VATS alone localized 10 of 21 (p = 0.05). The addition of molecular imaging affected care of nine of 21 subjects by improving intraoperative localization (n = 6) and identifying close margins (n = 3). This approach was most effective for subpleural lesions measuring less than 2 cm. For lesions deeper than 1.5 cm from the pleural surface, intraoperative localization using fluorescent feedback was limited. CONCLUSIONS:This approach provides a safe alternative for intraoperative localization of small, peripherally located pulmonary lesions. In contrast to alternative localization techniques, use of OTL38 also allows confirmation of adequate margins. Future studies will compare this approach to alternative localization techniques in a clinical trial.

Project description:Objective: Pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) nodules have been detected with increasing frequency using computed tomography (CT). We performed a retrospective study to clarify whether lung cancer patient prognoses correlated with pure GGO nodules. We also analyzed the clinical characters of patients with pure GGO nodules to provide diagnostic guidance on lung cancer identification and treatment of patients in clinical practice. Methods: We enrolled 39 of 1422 patients with pure GGO nodules who accepted surgical treatment of the lung cancer nodules, and reviewed materials from 404 patients to verify our conclusions. To discover which factors were prognostically significant, we used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) curves. Age, gender, smoking history, histology, tumor size, and stage were the factors examined in our study. We also performed subgroup and matching group analyses to clarify the correlation between the presence of pure GGO nodules and prognoses. Results: Pure GGO nodules were associated with non-smoking females that had adenocarcinoma. The prognoses of patients in the pure GGO nodule group was better than those in the non-pure GGO nodule group (p = 0.046). Age, grade, and stage (including tumor size and lymph node metastases) were had prognostic significance. In the matching group stage assessments, although patient prognoses were not significantly different among patients of the GGO group compared with thoses of the other group in long-term, while in the short term, patients with pure GGO nodules had longer PFS. Non-smoking female patients with lung cancer were more likely to have adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: As a subgroup of GGO nodules, pure GGO nodules predict a better prognosis in all lung cancer patients. Wheras our study showed that lung patients with pure GGO nodules in similar stages were not significantly different in long-term prognoses, in the short term; patients with pure GGO nodules had longer PFS.

Dataset Information

Clinical characteristics of resected solitary ground-glass opacities: Comparison between benign and malignant nodules.

Publications

Clinical characteristics of resected solitary ground-glass opacities: Comparison between benign and malignant nodules.

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