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Time of pandemic: Temporal perspectives related to compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT: One of the main determinants of the spread of epidemics in human population centres is the degree of compliance with public health regulations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between time perspective and compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 500 adults (275 women, 225 men) aged 18 to 82 years. Sociodemographic surveys, surveys concerning knowledge about COVID-19 and compliance with public health regulations, the Polish Short Version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Present-Fatalistic Scale, the Dark Future Scale, and the Carpe Diem Scale were used. Female gender and Carpe Diem were predictors of compliance with public health regulations. Men complied with public health regulations significantly less often than women. The results of our study suggest that in announcements communicating public health regulations concerning COVID-19 pandemic, emphasis should be placed on stressing the significance of focusing on 'here and now' and the importance of current behaviours for the future.

SUBMITTER: Sobol M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7537628 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Time of pandemic: Temporal perspectives related to compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sobol Małgorzata M Blachnio Agata A Przepiórka Aneta A

Social science & medicine (1982) 20201006

One of the main determinants of the spread of epidemics in human population centres is the degree of compliance with public health regulations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between time perspective and compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 500 adults (275 women, 225 men) aged 18 to 82 years. Sociodemographic surveys, surveys concerning knowledge about COVID-19 and compliance with public health regulations, ...[more]

PMID: 33045654

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Project description:ImportanceDelaying critical care for treatable conditions owing to fear of contracting COVID-19 in the emergency department (ED) is associated with avoidable morbidity and mortality.ObjectiveTo assess and quantify how people decided whether to present to the ED during the COVID-19 pandemic for care unrelated to COVID-19 using conjoint analysis, a form of trade-off analysis that examines how individuals make complex decisions.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional survey study was conducted using a nationwide sample from June 1, 2020, during the initial peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Included participants were adults aged 18 years or older in the US who self-reported that they had not tested positive for COVID-19. Data were analyzed from July 2020 through May 2021.ExposuresParticipants completed a self-administered online survey.Main outcomes and measuresUsing a choice-based conjoint analysis survey, the relative importance was assessed for the following attributes for individuals in deciding whether to seek ED care for symptoms consistent with myocardial infarction or appendicitis: reduction in chance of dying because of ED treatment, crowdedness of ED with other patients, and chance of contracting COVID-19 in the ED. We also performed latent class analyses using conjoint data to identify distinct segments of the respondent population with similar choice patterns. Logistic regression was then used to explore whether patient sociodemographics and political affiliations were factors associated with decision-making.ResultsAmong 1981 individuals invited to participate, 933 respondents (47.1%) completed the survey; participants' mean (SD) age was 40.1 (13.0) years, and 491 (52.6%) were women. In latent class analyses, 158 individuals (16.9%) with symptoms of myocardial infarction and 238 individuals (25.5%) with symptoms of appendicitis prioritized avoidance of COVID-19 exposure in the ED (ie, chance of contracting COVID-19 in the ED or crowdedness of ED with other patients) over seeking appropriate care for symptoms. Having a usual source of care was a factor associated with lower odds of prioritizing avoidance of COVID-19 exposure (myocardial infarction scenario: adjusted odds ratio, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.32-0.76]; P = .001; appendicitis scenario: adjusted odds ratio, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.40-0.82]; P = .003), but most sociodemographic factors and political affiliations were not factors associated with decision-making.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found that up to one-quarter of individuals were willing to forgo potentially life-saving ED care to avoid exposure to COVID-19. These findings suggest that health care systems and public health organizations should develop effective communications for patients and the community at large that reassure and encourage timely health care for critical needs during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other scenarios.

Dataset Information

Time of pandemic: Temporal perspectives related to compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic.

Publications

Time of pandemic: Temporal perspectives related to compliance with public health regulations concerning the COVID-19 pandemic.

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