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Adipokines in young survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia revisited: beyond fat mass.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin) and adiposity indexes regarding sex and cranial radiotherapy exposure among young acute lymphocytic leukemia survivors. METHODS:A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to evaluate the joint effect of sex, cranial radiotherapy, and body mass index (BMI) z-score (model 1) or fat mass index (FMI) (model 2) on adipokines. RESULTS:This study included 55 survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia between 15 and 23 years of age from both sexes (56.4% female); 43.6% of the sample had undergone cranial radiotherapy (18-24 Gy). The BMI z-score, the FMI, and sex (P<0.050 for all) influenced at least one adipokine, while cranial radiotherapy exposure was marginal in model 2. Parameter estimates from the MANCOVA's final model showed that the BMI z-score (?=-0.437, P=0.010) and the FMI (?=-0.209, P=0.004) negatively influenced adiponectin, while the FMI positively affected resistin (?=0.142, P=0.020). The relationship between leptin, visfatin, and the adiposity ndexes could not be established. In model 1, females presented with increased adiponectin (?=-1.014, P=0.011) and resistin (?=-1.067, P=0.002) levels; in model 2, female sex positively affected adiponectin (?=-1.515, P=0.001) and marginally influenced resistin (?=-0.707, P=0.054) levels. Cranial radiotherapy negatively determined visfatin levels in both final models (P<0.050). CONCLUSION:Changes in body fat may be associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and should be carefully evaluated in survivors of acute lymphocytic leukemia, considering both sex and cranial radiotherapy exposure, to treat disorders that may possibly aggravate their risk for early cardiovascular disease.

SUBMITTER: Siviero-Miachon AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7538299 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adipokines in young survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia revisited: beyond fat mass.

Siviero-Miachon Adriana Aparecida AA Spinola-Castro Angela Maria AM Andreoni Solange S Lee Maria Lucia de Martino MLM Calixto Antonio Ramos AR Geloneze Bruno B Guerra-Junior Gil G

Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism 20200729 3

<h4>Purpose</h4>This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin) and adiposity indexes regarding sex and cranial radiotherapy exposure among young acute lymphocytic leukemia survivors.<h4>Methods</h4>A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to evaluate the joint effect of sex, cranial radiotherapy, and body mass index (BMI) z-score (model 1) or fat mass index (FMI) (model 2) on adipokines.<h4>Results</h4>This s ...[more]

PMID: 32871655

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Project description:Survival rates for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) approach 95%. At the same time, there is growing concern that chemotherapy causes alterations in brain development and cognitive abilities. We performed MRI measurements of white and gray matter volume to explore how variation in brain structure may be related to cognitive abilities in ALL survivors and healthy controls.The sample included 24 male ALL survivors who had completed contemporary treatment 3-11 years prior, and 21 age- and sex-matched controls. Participants were between 8 and 18 years old. Working memory and motor response inhibition were measured with the N-Back and Stop Signal Tasks (SST), respectively. Participants underwent 3T structural MRI to assess white and gray matter volumes overall, lobe-wise, and in cortical and atlas-identified subcortical structures. Mental health was assessed with the Child Behavioral Checklist.ALL survivors performed more poorly on measures of working memory and response inhibition than controls. Frontal and parietal white matter, temporal and occipital gray matter volume, and volumes of subcortical white and gray matter structures were significantly reduced in ALL survivors compared with controls. Significant structure-function correlations were observed between working memory performance and volume of the amygdala, thalamus, striatum, and corpus callosum. Response inhibition was correlated with frontal white matter volume. No differences were found in psychopathology.Compared with controls, a reduction in volume across brain regions and tissue types, was detectable in ALL survivors years after completion of therapy. These structural alterations were correlated with neurocognitive performance, particularly in working memory. Confirming these observations in a larger, more representative sample of the population is necessary. Additionally, establishing the time course of these changes-and the treatment, genetic, and environmental factors that influence them-may provide opportunities to identify at-risk patients, inform the design of treatment modifications, and minimize adverse cognitive outcomes.

Dataset Information

Adipokines in young survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia revisited: beyond fat mass.

Publications

Adipokines in young survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia revisited: beyond fat mass.

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