Dataset Information

PM_2.5 chemical composition and geographical origin of air masses in Cape Town, South Africa.

ABSTRACT: PM_2.5 in the indoor and outdoor environment has been linked in epidemiology studies to the symptoms, hospital admissions and development of numerous health outcomes including death. The study was conducted during April 2017 and April 2018. PM_2.5 samples were collected over 24 h and every third day. The mean PM_2.5 level was 13.4 ?g m^-3 (range: 1.17-39.1 ?g m^-3). PM_2.5 levels exceeded the daily World Health Organization air quality guideline (25 ?g m^-3) on 14 occasions. The mean soot level was 1.38 m^-1?×?10^-5 (range: 0 to 5.38 m^-1?×?10^-5). Cl^-, NO₃ ^-, SO₄ ^2-, Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na and Zn were detected in the PM_2.5 samples. The geographical origin of air masses that passed Cape Town was estimated using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory software. Four air masses were identified in the cluster analysis: Atlantic-Ocean-WSW, Atlantic-Ocean-SW, Atlantic-Ocean-SSW and Indian-Ocean. The population of Cape Town may experience various health outcomes from the outdoor exposure to PM_2.5 and the chemical composition of PM_2.5.

SUBMITTER: Williams J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7539287 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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PM2.5 chemical composition and geographical origin of air masses in Cape Town, South Africa.

Williams John J Petrik Leslie L Wichmann Janine J

Air quality, atmosphere, & health 20201007 3

PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor environment has been linked in epidemiology studies to the symptoms, hospital admissions and development of numerous health outcomes including death. The study was conducted during April 2017 and April 2018. PM2.5 samples were collected over 24 h and every third day. The mean PM2.5 level was 13.4 μg m-3 (range: 1.17-39.1 μg m-3). PM2.5 levels exceeded the daily World Health Organization air quality ...[more]

PMID: 33042291

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Project description:Rapid urbanization and consuming lifestyles have intensified air pollution in urban areas. Air pollution in megacities has imposed severe environmental damages to human health. Proper management of the issue necessitates identification of the share of emission sources. Therefore, numerous research works have studied the apportionment of the total emissions and observed concentrations among different emissions sources. In this research, a comprehensive review is conducted to compare the source apportioning results for ambient air PM2.5 in the megacity of Tehran, the capital of Iran. One hundred seventy-seven pieces of scientific literatures, published between 2005 and 2021, were reviewed. The reviewed research are categorized according to the source apportioning methods: emission inventory (EI), source apportionment (SA), and sensitivity analysis of the concentration to the emission sources (SNA). The possible reasons for inconsistency among the results are discussed according to the scope of the studies and the implemented methods. Although 85% of the reviewed original estimates identify that mobile sources contribute to more thant 60% of Tehran air pollution, the distribution of vehicle types and modes are clearly inconsistent among the EI studies. Our review suggests that consistent results in the SA studies in different locations in central Tehran may indicate the reliability of this method for the identification of the type and share of the emission sources. In contrast, differences among the geographical and sectoral coverage of the EI studies and the disparities among the emission factors and activity data have caused significant deviations among the reviewed EI studies. Also, it is shown that the results of the SNA studies are highly dependent on the categorization type, model capabilities and EI presumptions and data input to the pollutant dispersion modelings. As a result, integrated source apportioning in which the three methods complement each other's results is necessary for consistent air pollution management in megacities.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-023-00855-0.

Dataset Information

PM_2.5 chemical composition and geographical origin of air masses in Cape Town, South Africa.

Publications

PM<sub>2.5</sub> chemical composition and geographical origin of air masses in Cape Town, South Africa.

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