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Cell to cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in Drosophila.

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and lethal tumour of the central nervous system (CNS). GB cells grow rapidly and display a network of projections (ultra-long tumour microtubes (TMs)), that mediate cell to cell communication. GB-TMs infiltrate throughout the brain, enwrap neurons and facilitate the depletion of the signalling molecule wingless (Wg)/WNT from the neighbouring healthy neurons. GB cells establish a positive feedback loop including Wg signalling upregulation that activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) production, which in turn promote further TMs infiltration, GB progression and neurodegeneration. Thus, cellular and molecular signals other than primary mutations emerge as central players of GB. Using a Drosophila model of GB, we describe the temporal organization of the main cellular events that occur in GB, including cell to cell interactions, neurodegeneration and TMs expansion. We define the progressive activation of JNK pathway signalling in GB mediated by the receptor Grindelwald (Grnd) and activated by the ligand Eiger (Egr)/TNF? produced by surrounding healthy brain tissue. We propose that cellular interactions of GB with the healthy brain tissue precede TM expansion and conclude that non-autonomous signals facilitate GB progression. These results contribute to deciphering the complexity and versatility of these incurable tumours.

SUBMITTER: Portela M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7541342 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cell-to-cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in <i>Drosophila</i>.

Portela Marta M Mitchell Teresa T Casas-Tintó Sergio S

Biology open 20200929 9

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and lethal tumour of the central nervous system (CNS). GB cells grow rapidly and display a network of projections, ultra-long tumour microtubes (TMs), that mediate cell to cell communication. GB-TMs infiltrate throughout the brain, enwrap neurons and facilitate the depletion of the signalling molecule wingless (Wg)/WNT from the neighbouring healthy neurons. GB cells establish a positive feedback loop including Wg signalling upregulation that activates cJu ...[more]

PMID: 32878880

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Project description:ObjectiveUnderstanding message delivery among vascular cells is essential for deciphering the intercellular communications in cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA (miR)-92a is enriched in endothelial cells (ECs) and circulation under atheroprone conditions. Macrophages are the primary immune cells in atherosclerotic lesions that modulate lesion development. Therefore, we hypothesize that, in response to atheroprone stimuli, ECs export miR-92a to macrophages to regulate their functions and enhance atherosclerotic progression. Approach and Results: We investigated the macrophage functions that are regulated by EC miR-92a under atheroprone microenvironments. We first determined the distributions of functional extracellular miR-92a by fractionating the intravesicular and extravesicular compartments from endothelial conditioned media and mice serum. The results indicate that extracellular vesicles are the primary vehicles for EC miR-92a transportation. Overexpression of miR-92a in ECs enhanced the proinflammatory responses and low-density lipoprotein uptake, while impaired the migration, of cocultured macrophage. Opposite effects were found in macrophages cocultured with ECs with miR-92a knockdown. Further analyses demonstrated that intravesicular miR-92a suppressed the expression of target gene KLF4 (Krüppel-like factor 4) in macrophages, suggesting a mechanism by which intravesicular miR-92a regulates recipient cell functions. Indeed, the overexpression of KLF4 rescued the EC miR-92a-induced macrophage atheroprone phenotypes. Furthermore, an inverse correlation of intravesicular miR-92a in blood serum and KLF4 expression in lesions was observed in atherosclerotic animals, indicating the potential function of extracellular miR-92a in regulating vascular diseases.ConclusionsEC miR-92a can be transported to macrophages through extracellular vesicles to regulate KLF4 levels, thus leading to the atheroprone phenotypes of macrophage and, hence, atherosclerotic lesion formation.

Dataset Information

Cell to cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in Drosophila.

Publications

Cell-to-cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in <i>Drosophila</i>.

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