Right Atrial Thrombus in Transient in a COVID-19 Patient: Clinical Echocardiographic Features-Case Report and Literature Review.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Abool Maaly CA
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7542089 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundSignificant coagulopathy and hyperinflammation are found in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Expert consensus has recommended prophylactic anticoagulation in COVID-19 patients due to the risk of thrombo-embolism. However, the use of therapeutic anticoagulation in these patients is still a matter of debate.Case summaryWe describe a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia and a clinical hyperinflammatory state. He developed early respiratory depression and required ventilation, and he subsequently developed haemodynamic instability. Point-of-care echocardiography demonstrated a right atrial thrombus and right ventricular dysfunction suggestive of acute massive pulmonary embolism. He was managed with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and local thrombolysis.DiscussionCritical cases of COVID-19 pneumonia are associated with hypercoagulation, and these patients should be monitored closely for complications. Therapeutic anticoagulation may play a role in the management and prevention of thrombo-embolism.
| S-EPMC7499658 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPericarditis is a common cardiology presentation, most often due to a viral or idiopathic cause. Listeria as a cause of pericarditis is rare. Listeria is an infection that is readily treatable with antibiotics following accurate identification. Without adequate treatment, Listeria infection has a high mortality rate.Case summaryIn this case, a fit and well 59-year-old man complained of headaches and fever to the emergency department (ED). He was provisionally diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and commenced on management pathways for GCA. He represented to the ED with chest pain and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes suggestive of a clinical presentation of pericarditis. He received treatment for idiopathic pericarditis with no clinical resolution. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed myopericardial inflammation associated with a right atrial mural thrombus. After 2 weeks of poor treatment response, peripheral blood cultures grew Listeria monocytogenes and the patient responded well to antibiotic treatment. Repeat cardiac MRI after an extended course of antibiotics showed resolution of MRI signs.DiscussionThis is a case of Listeria myopericarditis. Physicians should consider rarer causes of myopericarditis in treatment resistance cases. Cardiac MRI has utility in atypical or treatment resistant patients to assess myopericardial inflammation and response to treatment.
| S-EPMC7501928 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Right heart thrombi can be seen in a minority of patients with acute pulmonary embolism and are associated with an increased mortality risk. The optimal treatment option comprises thrombolysis or surgical thrombectomy either with catheterbased interventions or with open surgery. Open right atrial thrombectomy is usually performed under cardiopulmonary bypass due to the need for concomitant pulmonary embolectomy. Nevertheless, cardiopulmonary bypass has major drawbacks such as the risk of stroke, coagulopathy, and myocardial and respiratory dysfunction, particularly in high-risk patients. Herein, we report a case of successful off-pump surgical thrombectomy performed for the right atrial clot-in-transit following failure of the catheter-based intervention.
| S-EPMC10357855 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction:Narrow calibre ICD leads are prone to present insulation defects and conductor externalization. Close follow-up of these leads is recommended but as long as their electrical function is maintained, no prophyllactic replacement or extraction is advised. Although the risk of thrombus formation involving externalized conductors has been described, this risk seems considered as negligible compared with the risk of a prophylactic lead extraction. However, when an intracavitar thrombus is identified, the safest therapeutic approach remains undetermined. Case presentation:In the present clinical vignette, we describe the case of a giant thrombus developed along the externalized portion of an electrically functional ICD lead. In this case, the thrombus was successfully treated with a systemic oral anticoagulation. Discussion:This case report supports the concept of a prolonged anticoagulation for both the diagnosis and the long-term treatment of thrombus developed along externalized ICD leads, in particular when the patient prefers to avoid or postpone the risk of a trans-venous lead extraction.
| S-EPMC6176969 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease which frequently results in life-threatening right ventricular (RV) failure. High-risk PE, presenting with hypotension, shock, RV dysfunction or right heart thrombus is associated with a high mortality, particularly during the first few hours. Accordingly, it is important to commence effective therapy as soon as possible. In the case described in this report, a 49-year-old woman with myotonic dystrophy type 1 presented with acute respiratory failure and hypotension. Transthoracic echocardiography showed signs of right heart failure and a mobile right heart mass highly suspicious of a thrombus. Based on echocardiographic findings, acute thrombolysis was performed resulting in hemodynamic stabilization of the patient and complete resolution of the right heart thrombus. This case underscores the important role of transthoracic echocardiography for the diagnosis, management and monitoring of PE and underlines the efficacy and safety of thrombolysis in the treatment of PE associated with right heart thrombus.
| S-EPMC2887806 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundRight atrial thrombus (RAT) may be managed according to morphology and aetiology, i.e. Type A thrombi ('clot-in-transit', hypermobile) are managed with thrombolytics and surgical embolectomy due to high risk of embolization; Type B thrombi (broad-based, globular) may be managed medically as they will very likely maintain a benign course. Experience with management of a Type C thrombus (hypermobile but also broad-based) has not been explicitly described in the literature.Case summaryA 25-year-old man with history of leukaemia with prior right subclavian vein chemoport is found to have massive RAT. Multimodal imaging shows a hypermobile mass attached to the right atrial lateral wall inferior to superior vena cava and prolapsing into right ventricle in diastole. Given the thrombus morphology and likely propagation from subclavian port, risk of catastrophic embolization was deemed high and as such, intervention was indicated. Systemic anticoagulation was considered but deferred due to theoretical risk of dissolving the thrombus stalk leading to embolization. Surgical thrombectomy was offered but the patient declined. Due to evidence for success in RAT, the AngioVac System: Generation 3 (Angiodynamics, Inc., Latham, NY, USA) was chosen for intervention. The RAT was successfully removed without any complication.DiscussionAngioVac suction thrombectomy is a safe alternative option for removal of a Type C, massive, hypermobile RAT.
| S-EPMC8188869 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A 12-year-old spayed female miniature Poodle presented for coughing, respiratory distress, and anorexia. After thoracentesis for pleural effusion, radiography revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette with a bulge in the area of the body of the right atrium. Echocardiography revealed an anechoic chamber-like cavity lateral to the right atrium that communicated with the right atrium through a 13 mm defect in the right atrial free wall. Contrast echocardiography and color flow Doppler were used to prove that the cavity communicated with the right atrium. The cavity was diagnosed as a giant right atrial diverticulum.
| S-EPMC5435045 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMyxoma is a common type of primary cardiac tumor. However, there are few researches to illustrate challenge of safely inducing anesthesia in a patient with a giant right atrial myxoma at moderate altitude.Patient concerns and diagnosesA 54-year-old female patient lived in a city with an average altitude of 1932 m with scheduled surgical treatment for giant right atrial myxoma, prompting discussions on appropriate anesthesia modalities given her prolonged residence at moderate altitude.Methods and resultsConsidering the potential impact of moderate altitude on perioperative management, this study emphasizes the necessity of adequate volume preload therapy and the utility of transthoracic echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography to prevent hemodynamic compromise. Furthermore, it highlights the unique consideration that, post-tumor removal, hypotension may not necessarily lead to decreased oxygen saturation in these patients.ConclusionThis case underscores the importance of avoiding hypotension, as pre-tumor resection blood pressure maintenance primarily determines blood oxygen concentration. Additionally, it sheds light on the intriguing observation that post-tumor removal hypotension may not result in decreased oxygen saturation. These findings have significant implications for the perioperative care of patients with giant right atrial myxoma at moderate altitudes.
| S-EPMC10869086 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10557309 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAn atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) is a rare congenital cardiac deformity characterized by interatrial septum protruding into atria forming a saccular structure.Patient concernsIn our case, a 42-year-old female patient presented to our hospital complained of palpitation.DiagnosisTransthoracic echocardiography detected a 3.4 × 3.4 cm circular mass attached to the interatrial septum in right atrium complicated with a 6 mm secundum atrial septal defects (ASD).InterventionsThe patient received a cardiopulmonary bypass surgery to remove the mass and close the ASD.OutcomesThe mass turned out to be an organized thrombus with calcium deposition and fibrinoid necrosis.ConclusionASA is a potential location of atrial thrombus because of the stagnation of blood. Systemic embolism events are the main complications of ASA. Surgery or anticoagulation is both recommended in patients with ASA with thrombus.
| S-EPMC6890302 | biostudies-literature