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Do components of adult height predict body composition and cardiometabolic risk in a young adult South Asian Indian population? Findings from a hospital-based cohort study in Pune, India: Pune Children's Study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether the relationship between components of height and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk may be explained by body composition. We also examined relationships between parental heights and offspring CVD risk. DESIGN:A cohort study using cross-sectional data. SETTING:A secondary care hospital setting in Pune, India. PARTICIPANTS:We studied 357 young adults and their parents in the Pune Children's Study. Primary and secondary outcomes: we measured weight, total height, leg length, sitting height, plasma glucose, insulin and lipids, and blood pressure (BP). Total and regional lean and fat mass were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS:Leg length was inversely related, and sitting height was directly related to BMI. Total height and leg length were directly related to lean mass, while sitting height was directly related to both lean and fat mass. Leg length was inversely related to systolic BP and 120?min glucose, independent of lean and fat mass. Sitting height was directly related to systolic BP and triglycerides; these relationships were attenuated on adjustment for lean and fat mass. When examined simultaneously, greater leg length was protective and greater sitting height was associated with a more detrimental CVD risk profile. CONCLUSIONS:Shorter adult leg length and greater sitting height are associated with a more adverse CVD risk factor profile. The mechanisms need further study, but our findings suggest a role for lean and fat mass.

SUBMITTER: Kumaran K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7542941 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Do components of adult height predict body composition and cardiometabolic risk in a young adult South Asian Indian population? Findings from a hospital-based cohort study in Pune, India: Pune Children's Study.

Kumaran Kalyanaraman K Joshi Suyog M SM Di Gravio Chiara C Lubree Himangi H Joglekar Charudatta C Bhat Dattatray D Kinare Arun A Bavdekar Ashish A Bhave Sheila S Pandit Anand A Osmond Clive C Yajnik Chittaranjan C Fall Caroline C

BMJ open 20201007 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>We investigated whether the relationship between components of height and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk may be explained by body composition. We also examined relationships between parental heights and offspring CVD risk.<h4>Design</h4>A cohort study using cross-sectional data.<h4>Setting</h4>A secondary care hospital setting in Pune, India.<h4>Participants</h4>We studied 357 young adults and their parents in the Pune Children's Study. Primary and secondary outcomes: we me ...[more]

PMID: 33033015

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The Auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) cadre was created to focus on maternal and child health. ANMs are respected members of their communities and established providers of maternal and child health care within the community and at the facility level. Over time, additional roles and responsibilities have been added. Despite the importance of ANMs in the primary healthcare system in India, studies that consider factors governing the performance of ANMs in their workplaces are limited. We aimed to study factors governing performance of ANMs in Pune district, India. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 purposely selected key informants at facility, district, state, and national levels. Focus group discussions were conducted with 41 ANMs and 25 members of the community. Non-participatory observations with eight ANMs provided information to expand on and scrutinise findings that emerged from the other lines of inquiry. A realist lens was applied to identify ANMs' performance as a result of "mechanisms" (training, supervision, accountability mechanisms) within the given "context" (regulatory system, infrastructure and resources, ANMs' expanded scope of work, gender roles and norms). RESULTS:Weak enforcement of regulatory system led to poor standardisation of training quality among training institutions. Challenges in internal accountability mechanisms governing ANMs within the health system hierarchy made it difficult to ensure individual accountability. Training and supervision received were inadequate to address current responsibilities. The supervisory approach focused on comparing information in periodic reports against expected outputs. Clinical support in workplaces was insufficient, with very little problem identification and solving. CONCLUSION:Focusing on the tasks of ANMs with technical inputs alone is insufficient to achieve the full potential of ANMs in a changing context. Systematic efforts tackling factors governing ANMs in their workplaces can produce a useful cadre, that can play an important role in achieving universal health coverage in India.

Dataset Information

Do components of adult height predict body composition and cardiometabolic risk in a young adult South Asian Indian population? Findings from a hospital-based cohort study in Pune, India: Pune Children's Study.

Publications

Do components of adult height predict body composition and cardiometabolic risk in a young adult South Asian Indian population? Findings from a hospital-based cohort study in Pune, India: Pune Children's Study.

Similar Datasets

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