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Mechanisms of change in group therapy for treatment-seeking university students.

ABSTRACT: The present study examined mechanisms of change in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills group and positive psychotherapy (PPT) group intervention, two treatments that have previously been shown to be effective at reducing symptoms of BPD and depression over a 12-week treatment protocol within the context of a college counseling center (Uliaszek et al., 2016). The present study is secondary data analysis of that trial. We hypothesized that change in dysfunctional coping skills use would be a specific mechanism for DBT, while change in functional coping skills use and therapeutic alliance would be mechanisms of change for both treatments. Fifty-four participants completed self-report and interview-based assessments at pretreatment, weeks 3, 6, 9, and posttreatment. Path models examined the predictive power of the mechanisms in predicting outcome; the moderating effect of group membership was also explored. Dysfunctional coping skills use across the course of treatment was a significant mechanism of change for BPD and depression for the DBT group, but not the PPT group. Conversely, therapeutic alliance was a significant mechanism of change for the PPT group, but not the DBT group. Findings highlight the importance of each mechanism during mid-to late-treatment specifically.

SUBMITTER: Uliaszek AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7545507 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mechanisms of change in group therapy for treatment-seeking university students.

Uliaszek Amanda A AA Hamdullahpur Kevin K Chugani Carla D CD Tayyab Rashid

Behaviour research and therapy 20180729

The present study examined mechanisms of change in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills group and positive psychotherapy (PPT) group intervention, two treatments that have previously been shown to be effective at reducing symptoms of BPD and depression over a 12-week treatment protocol within the context of a college counseling center (Uliaszek et al., 2016). The present study is secondary data analysis of that trial. We hypothesized that change in dysfunctional coping skills use would be a ...[more]

PMID: 30077803

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Project description:IntroductionAppropriate management of malaria demands early health seeking behaviour upon suspicion of malaria-like symptoms. This study examined malaria treatment seeking behaviour and associated factors among international students at University of Ghana.MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional and quantitative approach. Data collection was undertaken using a structured questionnaire administered on a random sample of 264 international students. Data obtained on malaria treatment and factors influencing treatment behaviors were analyzed using IBM, SPSS Statistics version 22. Associations between individual characteristics and Malaria treatment seeking behavior was assessed by Pearson Chi-square(X2) test of independence. Binary logistic regression model was built using a backwards Wald approach, with variables retained at Wald p-value <0.05.ResultsThe findings show that 35% of the respondents obtained self-prescribed antimalarial at their utmost first choice of Malaria treatment. At bivariate level, a significant relationship between Malaria health-care seeking behaviour and:- Respondents continent, X2(1, N = 264) = 7.936, p = .005; Service accessibility, X2(1, N = 264) = 7.624, p = .006; Wait time, X2(1, N = 264) = 22.514, p <0.001; Treatment cost, X2(1, N = 264) = 97.160, p <0.001; Health insurance, X2(1, N = 264) = 5.837, p = 0.016, and Perceived staff attitude, X2(1, N = 264) = 18.557, p < 0.001. At multivariable analysis, inappropriate malaria health seeking behaviours was associated with low perceived service accessibility as (≥30mins) (aOR = 6.67; p<0.001), perceived long wait time (≥30mins), (aOR = 5.94; p = 0.015), perceived treatment cost affordability (<15 GHC) (aOR = 19.88; p<0.001) and age group: -34-41years (aOR = 8.83; p<0.001).ConclusionThere were widespread inappropriate health-care seeking behavior for Malaria treatment among international students. Improving accessibility to malaria treatment services, reducing wait time at health facilities and the treatment cost will address inappropriate malaria treatment health seeking behaviours among the international students.

Project description:Background: The Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) has been tailored specifically to the demands of patients with persistent depressive disorder (PDD). According to the CBASP model, PDD patients are supposed to live perceptually disconnected from their social environment, which consequently maintains depression. While initially developed as an individual treatment modality, the adaptation for group therapy yields an important interpersonal space. However, little is known about the specific factors that contribute to patients' benefit from the CBASP group modality. Methods: The analyzed sample comprised N = 87 PDD patients who completed a 12 week multimodal inpatient treatment including 2 weekly CBASP-specific individual and group sessions, respectively, as well as CBASP-unspecific medical contacts, pharmacotherapy and complementary therapies. Group sessions included trainings in situational analysis and interpersonal skills. Interpersonal change over therapy was examined based on the patients' self-perceived interpersonal problems (IIP) and the impact messages as perceived by their individual therapists (IMI). Pre and post-treatment data were compared using within-sample t-tests. Additionally, patients evaluated CBASP group therapy on a feedback form. They were invited to reflect on individual benefits and its helpful and unhelpful aspects. Qualitative content analysis with inductive category development was used to analyze feedback. Inter-rater reliability was computed to confirm categories before summarizing the frequencies of reported factors. Results: Self-perceived interpersonal distress significantly decreased over therapy. Patients reported reduced interpersonal problems and therapists reported more friendly and dominant impact messages. Interestingly, patients who showed a significant depressive symptom reduction described higher change scores. Regarding qualitative data, patients reported five main benefits from group therapy: Gain in social competence, self-confidence, self-reflection, interpersonal dynamics, and optimism/universality. Patients responding to CBASP identified significantly more factors than non-responders. Conclusions: Compared to studies with individual CBASP only, the present findings suggest that CBASP group therapy may contribute to the improvement of interpersonal behavior. Group therapy is discussed as a potential boosting effect for individual CBASP. However, as the present data were collected in a multimodal inpatient setting without competitor, randomized controlled trials are warranted that investigate the specific benefits of the group modality or the combined individual and group therapy over individual CBASP only.

Project description:BackgroundOwing to the revolution in technology, the internet has become an important aspect of people's lives. Modern technology is enabling people from diverse educational backgrounds to use the internet for several purposes, one of which is health information seeking. Recently, Web-based health information has become more popular among patients all over the world and among the general public.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the use of Web-based health resources among undergraduate students from different faculties at Kuwait University.MethodsThe study employed a cross-sectional design with students selected from 8 faculties of Kuwait University, 4 faculties of Literature and 4 faculties of Science. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, and analysis was done using a chi-square test and binary logistic regression to determine the factors associated with seeking health information on the Web.ResultsThe sample size obtained was 1132 with a response rate of 90.27% (1132/1254). Overall, the prevalence of students seeking Web-based health information was 92.66%. (1049/1132) The most significant factors associated with seeking health information on the Web were age, gender, faculty, year of study, primary source of internet, and level of experience with internet use. In total, 90.0% (325/361) of students who were aged older than 21 years used Web-based health information compared with 82.8% (275/332) of those who were aged 18 years. In addition, female students showed a higher prevalence (829/934, 88.8%) of Web-based health information seeking than males (210/270, 77.8%). Students who majored in faculties of Science were more likely to seek health information than those who majored in faculties of Literature. All the differences found in the study were statistically significant (P<.05).ConclusionsThe study concluded that many people use the internet for seeking health information. Sociodemographic factors have a significant association with Web-based health information seeking. Therefore, doctors must educate the public about the health information websites that can be trusted.

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Mechanisms of change in group therapy for treatment-seeking university students.

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Mechanisms of change in group therapy for treatment-seeking university students.

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