Dataset Information

A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain.

ABSTRACT: The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction of the brain of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Improved methods include new procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, and proofread such large data sets. We define cell types, refine computational compartments, and provide an exhaustive atlas of cell examples and types, many of them novel. We provide detailed circuits consisting of neurons and their chemical synapses for most of the central brain. We make the data public and simplify access, reducing the effort needed to answer circuit questions, and provide procedures linking the neurons defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions of connection strengths, neural motifs on different scales, electrical consequences of compartmentalization, and evidence that maximizing packing density is an important criterion in the evolution of the fly's brain.

SUBMITTER: Scheffer LK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7546738 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

A connectome and analysis of the adult <i>Drosophila</i> central brain.

Scheffer Louis K LK Xu C Shan CS Januszewski Michal M Lu Zhiyuan Z Takemura Shin-Ya SY Hayworth Kenneth J KJ Huang Gary B GB Shinomiya Kazunori K Maitlin-Shepard Jeremy J Berg Stuart S Clements Jody J Hubbard Philip M PM Katz William T WT Umayam Lowell L Zhao Ting T Ackerman David D Blakely Tim T Bogovic John J Dolafi Tom T Kainmueller Dagmar D Kawase Takashi T Khairy Khaled A KA Leavitt Laramie L Li Peter H PH Lindsey Larry L Neubarth Nicole N Olbris Donald J DJ Otsuna Hideo H Trautman Eric T ET Ito Masayoshi M Bates Alexander S AS Goldammer Jens J Wolff Tanya T Svirskas Robert R Schlegel Philipp P Neace Erika E Knecht Christopher J CJ Alvarado Chelsea X CX Bailey Dennis A DA Ballinger Samantha S Borycz Jolanta A JA Canino Brandon S BS Cheatham Natasha N Cook Michael M Dreher Marisa M Duclos Octave O Eubanks Bryon B Fairbanks Kelli K Finley Samantha S Forknall Nora N Francis Audrey A Hopkins Gary Patrick GP Joyce Emily M EM Kim SungJin S Kirk Nicole A NA Kovalyak Julie J Lauchie Shirley A SA Lohff Alanna A Maldonado Charli C Manley Emily A EA McLin Sari S Mooney Caroline C Ndama Miatta M Ogundeyi Omotara O Okeoma Nneoma N Ordish Christopher C Padilla Nicholas N Patrick Christopher M CM Paterson Tyler T Phillips Elliott E EE Phillips Emily M EM Rampally Neha N Ribeiro Caitlin C Robertson Madelaine K MK Rymer Jon Thomson JT Ryan Sean M SM Sammons Megan M Scott Anne K AK Scott Ashley L AL Shinomiya Aya A Smith Claire C Smith Kelsey K Smith Natalie L NL Sobeski Margaret A MA Suleiman Alia A Swift Jackie J Takemura Satoko S Talebi Iris I Tarnogorska Dorota D Tenshaw Emily E Tokhi Temour T Walsh John J JJ Yang Tansy T Horne Jane Anne JA Li Feng F Parekh Ruchi R Rivlin Patricia K PK Jayaraman Vivek V Costa Marta M Jefferis Gregory Sxe GS Ito Kei K Saalfeld Stephan S George Reed R Meinertzhagen Ian A IA Rubin Gerald M GM Hess Harald F HF Jain Viren V Plaza Stephen M SM

eLife 20200907

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction of the brain of the fruit fly <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. Improved methods include new procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, and proofread such large data sets. We define cell types, refine computational compartments, and provide an exhaustive atlas of cell examples and types, many of them novel. We provide detailed circu ...[more]

PMID: 32880371

Similar Datasets

Project description:Developmental regulatory proteins are commonly utilized in multiple cell types throughout development. The Drosophila single-minded (sim) gene acts as master regulator of embryonic CNS midline cell development and transcription. However, it is also expressed in the brain during larval development. In this paper, we demonstrate that sim is expressed in three clusters of anterior central brain neurons: DAMv1/2, BAmas1/2, and TRdm and in three clusters of posterior central brain neurons: a subset of DPM neurons, and two previously unidentified clusters, which we term PLSC and PSC. In addition, sim is expressed in the lamina and medulla of the optic lobes. MARCM studies confirm that sim is expressed at high levels in neurons but is low or absent in neuroblasts (NBs) and ganglion mother cell (GMC) precursors. In the anterior brain, sim(+) neurons are detected in 1st and 2nd instar larvae but rapidly increase in number during the 3rd instar stage. To understand the regulation of sim brain transcription, 12 fragments encompassing 5'-flanking, intronic, and 3'-flanking regions were tested for the presence of enhancers that drive brain expression of a reporter gene. Three of these fragments drove expression in sim(+) brain cells, including all sim(+) neuronal clusters in the central brain and optic lobes. One fragment upstream of sim is autoregulatory and is expressed in all sim(+) brain cells. One intronic fragment drives expression in only the PSC and laminar neurons. Another downstream intronic fragment drives expression in all sim(+) brain neurons, except the PSC and lamina. Thus, together these two enhancers drive expression in all sim(+) brain neurons. Sequence analysis of existing sim mutant alleles identified three likely null alleles to utilize in MARCM experiments to examine sim brain function. Mutant clones of DAMv1/2 neurons revealed a consistent axonal fasciculation defect. Thus, unlike the embryonic roles of sim that control CNS midline neuron and glial formation and differentiation, postembryonic sim, instead, controls aspects of axon guidance in the brain. This resembles the roles of vertebrate sim that have an early role in neuronal migration and a later role in axonogenesis.

Project description:Computer simulations play an important role in testing hypotheses, integrating knowledge, and providing predictions of neural circuit functions. While considerable effort has been dedicated into simulating primate or rodent brains, the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is becoming a promising model animal in computational neuroscience for its small brain size, complex cognitive behavior, and abundancy of data available from genes to circuits. Moreover, several Drosophila connectome projects have generated a large number of neuronal images that account for a significant portion of the brain, making a systematic investigation of the whole brain circuit possible. Supported by FlyCircuit (http://www.flycircuit.tw), one of the largest Drosophila neuron image databases, we began a long-term project with the goal to construct a whole-brain spiking network model of the Drosophila brain. In this paper, we report the outcome of the first phase of the project. We developed the Flysim platform, which (1) identifies the polarity of each neuron arbor, (2) predicts connections between neurons, (3) translates morphology data from the database into physiology parameters for computational modeling, (4) reconstructs a brain-wide network model, which consists of 20,089 neurons and 1,044,020 synapses, and (5) performs computer simulations of the resting state. We compared the reconstructed brain network with a randomized brain network by shuffling the connections of each neuron. We found that the reconstructed brain can be easily stabilized by implementing synaptic short-term depression, while the randomized one exhibited seizure-like firing activity under the same treatment. Furthermore, the reconstructed Drosophila brain was structurally and dynamically more diverse than the randomized one and exhibited both Poisson-like and patterned firing activities. Despite being at its early stage of development, this single-cell level brain model allows us to study some of the fundamental properties of neural networks including network balance, critical behavior, long-term stability, and plasticity.

Dataset Information

A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain.

Publications

A connectome and analysis of the adult <i>Drosophila</i> central brain.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets