Dataset Information

Trends in Beverage Consumption and Related Demographic Factors and Obesity among Korean Children and Adolescents.

ABSTRACT: It is well known that reducing consumption of sugar is a global public health priority. Beverages were the primary source of total sugar intake from processed foods. However, there are few studies investigating the trend of beverage consumption among children and adolescents in Korea. We examined the overall trend in beverage consumption among 11,996 participants aged 10-18 years who were enrolled in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (1998-2018). Further, we examined the effect of beverage types on beverage consumption-related demographic factors and obesity among 6121 participants using the recent 24 h dietary recall data (2010-2018) that captured the consumption of fruit and vegetable juices, soft drinks, milk and milk-based products and alcoholic beverages. Demographic characteristics, including sex, age, body mass index, household income level and residential area, were considered. Consumers' overall beverage intake and the percentage of energy derived from fruit and vegetable juices and soft drinks steadily increased from 1998 to 2016-2018 (p-trend < 0.0001); in contrast, dairy product consumption declined since 2010-2012. The main sources of beverage-based calories were fruit and vegetable juices (107.5 kcal/day), soft drinks (145.2 kcal/day), dairy products (181.8 kcal/day) and alcoholic beverages (103.5 kcal/day). Also, Korean adolescents aged 16-18 years consumed more soft drinks, fewer dairy products and higher alcoholic drinks than other age groups; particularly, boys consumed more energy from beverages (p < 0.0001). The odds ratios of obesity prevalence tended to be higher for soft drink consumption than for other beverages but this was not significant. The consumption of fruit and vegetable juices and milk and milk products showed a marginal association with a reduced risk of obesity prevalence. Since beverage consumption has increased steadily among Korean children and adolescents, appropriate interventions are needed. In the future, data from a larger sample of Korean children and adolescents are necessary to identify significant differences and longitudinal studies are necessary to examine the causalities.

SUBMITTER: Hwang SB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7551557 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends in Beverage Consumption and Related Demographic Factors and Obesity among Korean Children and Adolescents.

Hwang Su Bin SB Park SoHyun S Jin Guang-Ri GR Jung Jae Hyun JH Park Hyeon Ju HJ Lee Su Hyun SH Shin Sangah S Lee Bog-Hieu BH

Nutrients 20200831 9

It is well known that reducing consumption of sugar is a global public health priority. Beverages were the primary source of total sugar intake from processed foods. However, there are few studies investigating the trend of beverage consumption among children and adolescents in Korea. We examined the overall trend in beverage consumption among 11,996 participants aged 10-18 years who were enrolled in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (1998-2018). Further, we ex ...[more]

PMID: 32878096

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Project description:ImportanceTime-trend studies of overweight and obesity in childhood by sociodemographic factors are important for prioritizing public health initiatives. However, little is known about these trends in Spain, where high levels of obesity are found and where important demographic changes have occurred during the last 2 decades.ObjectiveTo examine how time trends in the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents differ by age, sex, socioeconomic status, urban/rural residence, and nationality.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study included 1.1 million children and adolescents (aged 2-17 years) with at least 1 measure of height and weight in Catalonia, Spain, from 2006 to 2016. Electronic health records were accessed from the Information System for Research in Primary Care. Data analysis was conducted from January to December 2018.Main outcomes and measuresPrevalence and incidence rates and trends of overweight/obesity and obesity (overweight/obesity defined as having of BMI z score greater than 2.0 among children aged <5 years and greater than 1.0 among children aged ≥5 years; obesity defined as having of BMI z score greater than 3.0 among children aged <5 years and greater than 2.0 among children aged ≥5 years) between 2006 and 2016 were calculated and stratified by sociodemographic characteristics (ie, age, sex, deprivation index, urban/rural residence, and nationality).ResultsThe study population included 1 166 609 children and adolescents (570 982 [48.9%] girls; median [interquartile range] age at entry to electronic health record system, 2.4 [0-7.7] years; 1 006 892 [86.3%] with Spanish nationality). Of 941 041 children (80.7%) who lived in urban areas, 197 427 (20.7%) lived in the most deprived areas. Overall, the prevalence of overweight/obesity and obesity decreased between 2006 and 2016 in all sex and age groups; for example, among boys and girls aged 6 to 11 years, overweight/obesity prevalence decreased from 41.9% (95% CI, 41.5%-42.2%) to 39.9% (95% CI, 39.6%-40.3%) and from 39.7% (95% CI, 39.3%-40.2%) to 37.6% (95% CI, 37.3%-38.0%), respectively. Incidence rates of overweight/obesity and obesity were highest among children aged 6 to 7 years (overweight/obesity among boys: 11.9 [95% CI, 11.8-12.0] new cases per 100 person-years; obesity among boys: 4.9 [95% CI, 4.8-4.9] new cases per 100 person-years). Prevalence and incidence rates were highest in the most deprived areas, in urban areas, and among children with North, Central, or South American nationalities. Between 2006 and 2016, prevalence increased in the most deprived areas in almost all sex and age groups. Among girls aged 6 to 11 years living in the most deprived areas, the obesity prevalence ratio increased from 1.59 (95% CI, 1.46-1.74) to 2.03 (95% CI, 1.88-2.19) compared with those living in the least deprived areas. Furthermore, during this period, prevalence increased among children with non-Spanish nationalities, especially in the African and Asian nationality groups (eg, boys aged 6-11 years with Asian nationality compared with Spanish nationality, 2006: prevalence rate, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.60-1.01]; 2016: prevalence rate, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.15-1.39]). Incidence rates decreased among younger groups (eg, ≤7 years: incidence rate ratio for January 1, 2006, to June 30, 2011, vs July 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016: 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91-0.98) but remained stable in older groups.Conclusions and relevanceIn this study, the overall prevalence and incidence rates of childhood overweight/obesity and obesity slightly decreased during the last decade. However, increased deprivation disparities in childhood obesity were found, given that the prevalence increased among children living in deprived areas and with non-Spanish nationalities.

Project description:BackgroundThe obesity prevalence in children and adolescents has increased worldwide during the past 30 years. Although diet has been identified as one risk factor for developing obesity in this age group, the role of specific dietary factors is still unclear. One way to gain insight into the role of these factors might be to detect biomarkers that reflect metabolic health and to identify the associations between dietary factors and these biomarkers. This would enable nutrition-related metabolic changes to be detected early in life, which might be a promising strategy to prevent childhood obesity. However, existing literature offers only inconclusive evidence for diet and some of these obesity-related biomarkers (e.g., blood lipids). We thus conducted a systematic literature review to further examine eligible studies that investigate associations between dietary factors and 12 obesity-related biomarkers in healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years.MethodsWe searched the scientific databases PubMed/Medline and Web of Science Core Collection for potentially eligible articles. Our final literature search resulted in 2727 hits. After the selection process, we included 81 articles that reported on 1111 single observations on dietary factors and any of the obesity-related biomarkers.ResultsAround 81% of the total observations showed nonsignificant results. For many biomarkers we did not find enough observations to draw clear conclusions on possible associations between a dietary factor and the respective biomarker. In cases where we identified enough observations, the results were contradictory. Since these nonsignificant and inconclusive findings may impede the development of effective strategies against childhood obesity, this article takes a closer look at possible reasons for such findings. In addition, it provides action points for future research efforts.ConclusionsIn conclusion, current evidence on associations between dietary factors and obesity-related biomarkers is inconclusive. We thus provided an overview on which specific limitations may impede current research. Such knowledge is necessary to enable future research efforts to better elucidate the role of diet in the early stages of obesity development.

Dataset Information

Trends in Beverage Consumption and Related Demographic Factors and Obesity among Korean Children and Adolescents.

Publications

Trends in Beverage Consumption and Related Demographic Factors and Obesity among Korean Children and Adolescents.

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