Dataset Information

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effect of fermented diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and growth of longissimus thoracis (LT) of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), male, 126 ± 5-d-old] weighing 98.76 ± 1.27 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments (eight pens per treatment and three pigs per pen) for a 28-d feeding trial, including control diet and fermented diet. Fermented diet significantly increased the loin eye area and lean mass percentage, decreased backfat thickness and improved meat quality of LT by decreasing the shear force and drip loss at 48 h post slaughter and improving meat sensory characteristics compared with control diet. A fermented diet also significantly increased the abundance of insulin, insulin receptor (IR), myoblast determination protein (MyoD) and myosin heavy chain-I (MyHC-I) transcripts, and the phosphorylation levels of AKT, mTORC1, 4EBP1 and S6K1 in LT, while decreasing the expression of muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and forkhead Box O1 (Foxo1) mRNA transcripts. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins predominantly involved in protein synthesis and muscle development were modulated by fermented diet. Our results indicated that a fermented diet improved meat quality and enhanced LT growth of finishing pigs by increasing insulin/AKT/mTORC1 protein synthesis cascade and activating the Foxo1/MAFbx pathway, along with the regulation of ribosomal protein and proteins involved in muscle contraction and muscle hypertrophy.

SUBMITTER: Qiu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7552782 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of <i>Longissimus Thoracis</i> of Late-Finishing Pigs.

Qiu Yueqin Y Li Kebiao K Zhao Xichen X Liu Shilong S Wang Li L Yang Xuefen X Jiang Zongyong Z

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 20200917 9

This study investigated the effect of fermented diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and growth of longissimus thoracis (LT) of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), male, 126 ± 5-d-old] weighing 98.76 ± 1.27 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments (eight pens per treatment and three pigs per pen) for a 28-d feeding trial, including control diet and fermented diet. Fermented diet significantly increased the loin eye area and lean ...[more]

PMID: 32957692

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Project description:The present study investigated the effects of fermented complete feed (FCF) on fecal microbial composition during the grower-finisher period. A total of 20 pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 48.74± 1.49 kg) were divided randomly into two groups: the CN group (pigs fed with a basal diet) and the FCF group (pigs fed with FCF). After a 60-day trial period, 3 pigs with middle-weight from each treatment were selected for fecal sampling and fecal microbiota analysis. The results showed that the FCF significantly increased operational taxonomic units (OUT) numbers, alpha diversity (Simpson index and Shannon index), and beta diversity, which means that FCF increased the fecal microbiota diversity. At the phylum level, the abundance of Tenericutes, Spirochaetae, Verrucomicrobia, and Cyanobacteria were changed in pigs fed with FCF; and at the genus level, the abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Treponema_2, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Phascolarctobacterium, Roseburia, and Prevotella_9 were changed in pigs fed with FCF. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that Roseburia and Prevotella_9 genera were increased, while Tenericutes phyla and Streptococcus, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Lactobacillus genera were decreased in the FCF group compared to the CN group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) results predicted that the relative abundance of infectious diseases: parasitic associated genes, xenobiotics biodegradation, and metabolism-associated genes were significantly reduced in the FCF group when compared with the CN group, and the relative abundance of signal transduction associated genes, amino acid metabolism-related genes, and replication and repair associated genes were significantly higher in the FCF group when compared with the CN group. In addition, the relative abundance of transport and catabolism-associated genes, membrane transport-associated genes, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolite-associated genes tended to be higher in the FCF group when compared with the CN group; and the relative abundance of immune diseases associated genes tended to be lower in the FCF group when compared with the CN group. In conclusion, the FCF influenced the alpha and beta diversity of the fecal microbiota of pigs.

Project description:This study investigated the effect of a low protein (LP) diet on growth performance, nitrogen emission, carcass traits, meat quality, and gut microbiota in finishing pigs. Fifty-four barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly assigned to three treatments with six replicates (pens) of three pigs each. The pigs were fed with either high protein (HP, 16% CP), medium protein (MP, 12% CP), and LP diets (10% CP), respectively. The LP diets did not influence the growth performance, but significantly decreased the plasma urea nitrogen contents and fecal nitrogen emission (P < 0.05). The LP diet significantly decreased the plasma contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the plasma glutathione (GSH) contents (P < 0.05). The LP diets significantly increased the backfat thickness at the first and last ribs, L* (lightness) value of meat color, and muscle fiber density in the longissimus dorsi (P < 0.05). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of fatty acid synthetase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), leptin, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) was significantly downregulated, while that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and myosin heavy chain (MYHC) IIx in the longissimus Dorsi muscle was significantly upregulated by LP diets (P < 0.05). The 16S sequencing analysis showed that the abundance of unidentified Bacteria at the phylum level, and Halanaerobium and Butyricicoccusat at the genus level in the colonic digesta were significantly decreased by LP diet (P < 0.05). The LP diet significantly decreased the observed species of α-diversity in both ileal and colonic microbiota (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis identified a significant positive correlation between the abundance of the ileal genera Streptococcus and L* value at 24 and 48 h, and a significant negative correlation between unidentified_Ruminococcasceae in both ileum and colon with L* value at 24 h (P < 0.05). Collectively, the LP diet supplemented with lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan could reduce the fecal nitrogen emission without affecting growth performance and improve meat quality by regulating the antioxidant capacity and gene expression involved in fat metabolism as well as modulating the gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs.

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Project description:Introduction25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) is the active metabolite of regular vitamin D3 in vivo, which has a stronger biological activity and is more easily absorbed by the intestine than regular vitamin D3. Our study aimed to detect the potential influences of 25OHD3 on pork quality, antioxidant status, and intestinal microbiota of growing-finishing pigs receiving low-phosphorus (P) diet.Methods and resultsForty pigs [initial body weight (BW): 49.42 ± 4.01 kg] were allocated into two groups including low-P diet (CON group) and low-P diet supplemented with 50 μg/kg 25OHD3 (25OHD3 group). The whole experiment lasted for 88 days, including phase 1 (day 1-28), phase 2 (day 29-60), and phase 3 (day 61-88). The results showed that 25OHD3 supplementation tended to decrease feed conversion ratio in phase 3 and overall phase in comparison with the CON group. 25OHD3 increased (p < 0.05) serum contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decreased (p < 0.05) serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase level. 25OHD3 increased (p < 0.05) mucosal GSH-Px activity in the duodenum and ileum, and tended to increase redness value and the activities of total antioxidant capacity and SOD in longissimus dorsi. 25OHD3 significantly upregulated the mRNA level of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, and tended to change the mRNA levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 in longissimus dorsi. Moreover, 25OHD3 supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) n-6/n-3 and iodine value in longissimus dorsi. For bone quality, 25OHD3 supplementation increased (p < 0.05) calcium content, bone mineral content, and breaking strength in the metacarpal bones. Moreover, the colonic abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly higher in pigs fed with 25OHD3, and exhibited a positive association with serum antioxidant status, pork quality, and bone characteristics.ConclusionOverall, the inclusion of 25OHD3 in low P diet partly improved production performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, bone properties, and gut microbiota composition of growing-finishing pigs.

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Dataset Information

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs.

Publications

Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of <i>Longissimus Thoracis</i> of Late-Finishing Pigs.

Similar Datasets

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