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Spatial impacts of fiscal stimulus policies during the 2009 global financial crisis in Indonesia

ABSTRACT: In response to the 2008/2009 global financial crisis (GFC), many developing countries, including Indonesia, launched fiscal stimulus packages (FSP). These FSPs typically consist of several sophisticated fiscal policies that may not necessarily complement each other. While the impact of these policies at the aggregate country level in developed countries has been widely discussed, the spatial impact of these policies within developing countries is less understood. Utilizing an inter-regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, this paper aims to assess and understand the short- and long-term economic impacts of these stimulus policies using Indonesia as a case study. This paper, hence, provides a quantitative ex-post assessment of FSPs typically implemented during the 2009 GFC by developing economies. Overall, results, indicate that fiscal stimulus had a positive impact on aggregate demand and on poverty prevention, principally via stimulating private consumption. Corporate income tax cuts have the largest economic impact in the long-run, and cash transfers are the most useful policy tool for alleviating poverty. An FSP, however, could have an uneven spatial distributional effect on output across regions, particularly in the short-term.

SUBMITTER: Resosudarmo B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7558238 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundThis study assesses the impact of the Interprofessional Global Health Course (IPGHC) on students' fundamental global health knowledge and personal viewpoints on global health domains. It explores the evolution of students' understanding of global health specifically in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsNinety-nine students were selected from 123 McGill student applicants based on their motivation and commitment to take part in IPGHC's ten-week 2020 curriculum. These IPGHC students were eligible to participate in the study. The study's design is sequential explanatory mixed methods. The cross-sectional survey (quantitative phase) appraises students' global health learning outcomes using pre- and post-course surveys, with the use of 5-point Likert-scale questions. The descriptive qualitative survey (qualitative phase) further explores the impact of IPGHC on student's understanding of global health and the reflections of students on the COVID-19 pandemic after IPGHC. The post-course survey included a course evaluation for quality improvement purposes.ResultsOf the 99 students, 81 students across multiple undergraduate and graduate disciplines participated in the study by completing the course surveys. Mean knowledge scores of the following 11 global health topics were increased between pre- and post-course survey: Canadian Indigenous health (P < 0.001), global burden of disease (P < 0.001), global surgery (P < 0.001), infectious diseases and neglected tropical diseases (P < 0.001), refugee and immigrant health (P < 0.001), research and development of drugs (P < 0.001), role of politics and policies in global health (P = 0.02), role of technology in global health (P < 0.001), sexual violence (P < 0.001), systemic racism in healthcare (P = 0.03), and trauma in the global health context (P < 0.001). A positive change in student viewpoints was observed in response to questions regarding their perception of the importance of global health education in their own professional health care programs (P < 0.001), and their understanding of the roles and responsibilities of other healthcare professionals (P < 0.001). In the post-course survey open-ended questions, students exemplified their knowledge gained during the course to create a more informed definition of global health. Several recurring themes were identified in the student reflections on the COVID-19 pandemic, notably policy and politics, followed by access to healthcare and resources.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the need for interprofessional global health education at the university level and demonstrates how rapidly global health learners can apply their knowledge to evolving contexts like the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Spatial impacts of fiscal stimulus policies during the 2009 global financial crisis in Indonesia

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