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Removal of Bacteria and Organic Carbon by an Integrated Ultrafiltration-Nanofiltration Desalination Pilot Plant.

ABSTRACT: Fouling caused by organic matter and bacteria remains a significant challenge for the membrane-based desalination industry. Fouling decreases the permeate quality and membrane performance and also increases energy demands. Here, we quantified the amount of organic matter and bacteria at several stages along the water-treatment train of an integrated ultrafiltration-nanofiltration seawater treatment pilot plant. We quantified the organic matter, in terms of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Assimilable Organic Carbon (AOC), and evaluated its composition using Liquid Chromatography for Organic Carbon Detection (LC-OCD). The bacterial cells were counted using Bactiquant. We found that ultrafiltration (UF) was effective at removing bacterial cells (99.7%) but not TOC. By contrast, nanofiltration (NF) successfully removed both TOC (95%) and bacterial cells. However, the NF permeate showed higher amounts of AOC than seawater. LC-OCD analysis suggested that the AOC was mostly composed of low molecular weight neutral substances. Furthermore, we found that the cleaning of the UF membrane using chemically enhanced backwash reduced the amount of AOC released into the UF permeate. By implementing the cleaning-in-place of the NF membrane, the pressure drop was restored to the normal level. Our results show that the UF and NF membrane cleaning regimes investigated in this study improved membrane performance. However, AOC remained the hardest-to-treat fraction of organic carbon. AOC should, therefore, be monitored closely and regularly to mitigate biofouling in downstream processes.

SUBMITTER: Rehman ZU

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7559365 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Removal of Bacteria and Organic Carbon by an Integrated Ultrafiltration-Nanofiltration Desalination Pilot Plant.

Rehman Zahid Ur ZU Khojah Bayan B Leiknes TorOve T Alsogair Safiya S Alsomali Mona M

Membranes 20200904 9

Fouling caused by organic matter and bacteria remains a significant challenge for the membrane-based desalination industry. Fouling decreases the permeate quality and membrane performance and also increases energy demands. Here, we quantified the amount of organic matter and bacteria at several stages along the water-treatment train of an integrated ultrafiltration-nanofiltration seawater treatment pilot plant. We quantified the organic matter, in terms of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Assimila ...[more]

PMID: 32899597

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Project description:Novel adsorption ultrafiltration (ADUF) membrane was designed for the removal of methylene blue (MB) by introducing Chinese herbal waste-based activated carbon (AC) into the ultrafiltration membrane. We prepared AC particles from Chinese herbal medicine waste residue (reed rhizome residue) as a raw material by ZnCl2 activation and introduced them into the ultrafiltration membrane by phase inversion to prepare a reed rhizome residue-based activated carbon adsorption ultrafiltration (RAC-ADUF) membrane. The RAC-ADUF-0.1 membrane was characterized by a series of physical structures and chemical properties, which showed that the prepared membrane has a more hydrophilic surface and high porosity. The RAC-ADUF-0.1 membrane showed an excellent pure water flux of 255.77 L·m-2·h-1 and a high bovine serum albumin rejection of 99.3%. The RAC-ADUF membranes also possessed excellent antifouling performance. Notably, the RAC-ADUF-0.1 membrane provides excellent removal of MB (99% retention) compared to conventional ultrafiltration membranes. The static adsorption capacity was up to 238.48 mg/g. The significant increase in dynamic adsorption capacity on the RAC-ADUF membrane is due to the three-dimensional distribution of RAC particles on the PSF membrane cross section, which provides more active sites and increases the contact time between RAC and MB. By fitting the adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption curves, the results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isothermal model were more accurate in explaining the adsorption process. Further kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process of MB molecules on RAC-ADUF membranes is controlled by both external mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion, with intraparticle diffusion playing a dominant role. In addition, the RAC-ADUF membrane exhibited outstanding adsorption and regeneration abilities, and the MB removal rate stayed at about 95% after 8 adsorption regeneration experiments. In conclusion, this study provides a new idea for the preparation strategy of an adsorption ultrafiltration membrane with high rejection and high permeability and the reuse of Chinese herbal medicine waste residue.

Dataset Information

Removal of Bacteria and Organic Carbon by an Integrated Ultrafiltration-Nanofiltration Desalination Pilot Plant.

Publications

Removal of Bacteria and Organic Carbon by an Integrated Ultrafiltration-Nanofiltration Desalination Pilot Plant.

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