Dataset Information

Transcriptome Profiling of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Responses to Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Infestation during A Compatible Interaction.

ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne javanica presents a great challenge to Solanaceae crops, including potato. In this study, we investigated transcriptional responses of potato roots during a compatible interaction with M. javanica. In this respect, differential gene expression of Solanum tuberosum cultivar (cv.) Mondial challenged with M. javanica at 0, 3 and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) was profiled. In total, 4948 and 4484 genes were detected, respectively, as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 3 and 7 dpi. Functional annotation revealed that genes associated with metabolic processes were enriched, suggesting they might have an important role in M. javanica disease development. MapMan analysis revealed down-regulation of genes associated with pathogen perception and signaling suggesting interference with plant immunity system. Notably, delayed activation of pathogenesis-related genes, down-regulation of disease resistance genes, and activation of host antioxidant system contributed to a susceptible response. Nematode infestation suppressed ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway hindering JA/ET responsive genes associated with defense. Genes related to cell wall modification were differentially regulated while transport-related genes were up-regulated, facilitating the formation of nematode feeding sites (NFSs). Several families of transcription factors (TFs) were differentially regulated by M. javanica infestation. Suggesting that TFs play an indispensable role in physiological adaptation for successful M. javanica disease development. This genome-wide analysis reveals the molecular regulatory networks in potato roots which are potentially manipulated by M. javanica. Being the first study analyzing transcriptome profiling of M. javanica-diseased potato, it provides unparalleled insight into the mechanism underlying disease development.

SUBMITTER: Macharia TN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7563278 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptome Profiling of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Responses to Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Infestation during A Compatible Interaction.

Macharia Teresia N TN Bellieny-Rabelo Daniel D Moleleki Lucy N LN

Microorganisms 20200921 9

Root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne javanica presents a great challenge to Solanaceae crops, including potato. In this study, we investigated transcriptional responses of potato roots during a compatible interaction with M. javanica. In this respect, differential gene expression of Solanum tuberosum cultivar (cv.) Mondial challenged with M. javanica at 0, 3 and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) was profiled. In total, 4948 and 4484 genes were detected, respectively, as d ...[more]

PMID: 32967109

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Project description:BackgroundSolanum torvum Sw is worldwide employed as rootstock for eggplant cultivation because of its vigour and resistance/tolerance to the most serious soil-borne diseases as bacterial, fungal wilts and root-knot nematodes. The little information on Solanum torvum (hereafter Torvum) resistance mechanisms, is mostly attributable to the lack of genomic tools (e.g. dedicated microarray) as well as to the paucity of database information limiting high-throughput expression studies in Torvum.ResultsAs a first step towards transcriptome profiling of Torvum inoculated with the nematode M. incognita, we built a Torvum 3' transcript catalogue. One-quarter of a 454 full run resulted in 205,591 quality-filtered reads. De novo assembly yielded 24,922 contigs and 11,875 singletons. Similarity searches of the S. torvum transcript tags catalogue produced 12,344 annotations. A 30,0000 features custom combimatrix chip was then designed and microarray hybridizations were conducted for both control and 14 dpi (day post inoculation) with Meloidogyne incognita-infected roots samples resulting in 390 differentially expressed genes (DEG). We also tested the chip with samples from the phylogenetically-related nematode-susceptible eggplant species Solanum melongena. An in-silico validation strategy was developed based on assessment of sequence similarity among Torvum probes and eggplant expressed sequences available in public repositories. GO term enrichment analyses with the 390 Torvum DEG revealed enhancement of several processes as chitin catabolism and sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis, while no GO term enrichment was found with eggplant DEG.The genes identified from S. torvum catalogue, bearing high similarity to known nematode resistance genes, were further investigated in view of their potential role in the nematode resistance mechanism.ConclusionsBy combining 454 pyrosequencing and microarray technology we were able to conduct a cost-effective global transcriptome profiling in a non-model species. In addition, the development of an in silico validation strategy allowed to further extend the use of the custom chip to a related species and to assess by comparison the expression of selected genes without major concerns of artifacts. The expression profiling of S. torvum responses to nematode infection points to sesquiterpenoids and chitinases as major effectors of nematode resistance. The availability of the long sequence tags in S. torvum catalogue will allow precise identification of active nematocide/nematostatic compounds and associated enzymes posing the basis for exploitation of these resistance mechanisms in other species.

Project description:Because of the developmental similarities between root nodules induced by symbiotic rhizobia and root galls formed by parasitic nematodes, we investigated the involvement of nodulation genes in the infection of Medicago truncatula by the root knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne javanica. We found that gall formation, including giant cell formation, pericycle and cortical cell division, as well as egg laying, occurred successfully in the non-nodulating mutants nfp1 (nod factor perception1), nin1 (nodule inception1) and nsp2 (nodulation signaling pathway2) and the cytokinin perception mutant cre1 (cytokinin receptor1). Gall and egg formation were significantly reduced in the ethylene insensitive, hypernodulating mutant skl (sickle), and to a lesser extent, in the low nodulation, abscisic acid insensitive mutant latd/nip (lateral root-organ defective/numerous infections and polyphenolics). Despite its supernodulation phenotype, the sunn4 (super numeric nodules4) mutant, which has lost the ability to autoregulate nodule numbers, did not form excessive numbers of galls. Co-inoculation of roots with nematodes and rhizobia significantly reduced nodule numbers compared to rhizobia-only inoculated roots, but only in the hypernodulation mutant skl. Thus, this effect is likely to be influenced by ethylene signaling, but is not likely explained by resource competition between galls and nodules. Co-inoculation with rhizobia also reduced gall numbers compared to nematode-only infected roots, but only in the wild type. Therefore, the protective effect of rhizobia on nematode infection does not clearly depend on nodule number or on Nod factor signaling. Our study demonstrates that early nodulation genes that are essential for successful nodule development are not necessary for nematode-induced gall formation, that gall formation is not under autoregulation of nodulation control, and that ethylene signaling plays a positive role in successful RKN parasitism in M. truncatula.

Dataset Information

Transcriptome Profiling of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Responses to Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Infestation during A Compatible Interaction.

Publications

Transcriptome Profiling of Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) Responses to Root-Knot Nematode (<i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>) Infestation during A Compatible Interaction.

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