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Decellularized Splenic Matrix as a Scaffold for Spleen Bioengineering.

ABSTRACT: The spleen is considered a non-essential organ. However, its importance is increasingly clear, given the serious disorders caused by its absence or dysfunction, e.g., greater susceptibility to infections, thromboembolism and cancer. Surgical techniques to preserve the spleen and maintain splenic function have become increasingly common. However, the morbidity and mortality associated with its absence and dysfunction are still high. We used the decellularization technique to obtain a viable splenic scaffold for recellularization in vitro and propose the idea of bioengineered spleen transplantation to the host. We observed the maintenance of important structural components such as white pulp, marginal zone and red pulp, in addition to the network of vascular ducts. The decellularized scaffold presents minimal residual DNA and SDS, which are essential to prevent immunogenic responses and transplantation failure. Also, the main components of the splenic matrix were preserved after decellularization, with retention of approximately 72% in the matrisomal protein content. The scaffold we developed was partially recellularized with stromal cells from the spleen of neonatal rats, demonstrating adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells. Therefore, the splenic scaffold is very promising for use in studies on spleen reconstruction and transplantation, with the aim of complete recovery of splenic function.

SUBMITTER: Zanardo TEC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7567156 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Decellularized Splenic Matrix as a Scaffold for Spleen Bioengineering.

Zanardo Tadeu Ériton Caliman TÉC Amorim Fernanda Gobbi FG Taufner Gabriel Henrique GH Pereira Rayssa Helena Arruda RHA Baiense Ian Manhoni IM Destefani Afrânio Côgo AC Iwai Leo Kei LK Maranhão Raul Cavalcante RC Nogueira Breno Valentim BV

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology 20201002

The spleen is considered a non-essential organ. However, its importance is increasingly clear, given the serious disorders caused by its absence or dysfunction, e.g., greater susceptibility to infections, thromboembolism and cancer. Surgical techniques to preserve the spleen and maintain splenic function have become increasingly common. However, the morbidity and mortality associated with its absence and dysfunction are still high. We used the decellularization technique to obtain a viable splen ...[more]

PMID: 33123515

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Project description:Background:Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are promising approaches for organ transplantation. Extracellular matrix (ECM) based scaffolds obtained through the decellularization of natural organs have become the preferred platform for organ bioengineering. In the field of pancreas bioengineering, acellular scaffolds from different animals approximate the biochemical, spatial and vascular relationships of the native extracellular matrix and have been proven to be a good platform for recellularization and in vitro culture. However, artificial endocrine pancreases based on these whole pancreatic scaffolds have a critical flaw, specifically their difficult in vivo transplantation, and connecting their vessels to the recipient is a major limitation in the development of pancreatic tissue engineering. In this study, we focus on preparing a novel acellular extracellular matrix scaffold derived from the rat pancreatic body tail (pan-body-tail ECM scaffold). Results:Several analyses confirmed that our protocol effectively removes cellular material while preserving ECM proteins and the native vascular tree. DNA quantification demonstrated an obvious reduction of DNA compared with that of the natural organ (from 931.9?±?267.8 to 11.7?±?3.6 ng/mg, P <?0.001); the retention of the sGAG in the decellularized pancreas (0.878?±?0.37) showed no significant difference from the natural pancreas (0.819?±?0.1) (P >?0.05). After transplanted with the recellularized pancreas, fasting glucose levels declined to 9.08?±?2.4 mmol/l within 2 h of the operation, and 8 h later, they had decreased to 4.7?±?1.8 mmol/l (P <?0.05). Conclusions:The current study describes a novel pancreatic ECM scaffold prepared from the rat pancreatic body tail via perfusion through the left gastric artery. We further showed the pioneering possibility of in vivo circulation-connected transplantation of a recellularized pancreas based on this novel scaffold. By providing such a promising pancreatic ECM scaffold, the present study might represent a key improvement and have a positive impact on endocrine pancreas bioengineering.

Dataset Information

Decellularized Splenic Matrix as a Scaffold for Spleen Bioengineering.

Publications

Decellularized Splenic Matrix as a Scaffold for Spleen Bioengineering.

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