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Heterosis-associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice.

ABSTRACT:

Key message

Heterosis QTLs, including qSS7 and qHD8, with dominance effects were identified through GBS and large-scale phenotyping of CSSLs and hybrid F₁ populations in a paddy field. Heterosis has contributed immensely to agricultural production, but its genetic basis is unclear. We evaluated dominance effects by creating two hybrid populations: a B-homo set with a homozygous background and heterozygous chromosomal segments and a B-heter set with a heterozygous background and homozygous segments. This was achieved by crossing a set of 156 backcrossed-derived chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with their recurrent parent (9311), the male parent of the first super-high-yield hybrid Liangyoupei9 (LYP9), and with the female parent (PA64s) of the hybrid. The CSSLs were subjected to a genotyping-by-sequencing analysis to develop a genetic map of segments introduced from the PA64s. We evaluated the heterotic effects on eight yield-related traits in the hybrid variety and F₁ populations in large-scale field experiments over 2 years. Using a linkage map consisting of high-density SNPs, we identified heterosis-associated genes in LYP9. Five candidate genes contributed to the high yield of LYP9, with qSS7 and qHD8 repeatedly detected in both B-hybrid populations. The heterozygous segments harboring qSS7 and qHD8 showed dominance effects that contributed to the heterosis of yield components in the hybrid rice variety Liangyoupei9.

SUBMITTER: Lin T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7567734 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heterosis-associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice.

Lin Tianzi T Zhou Cong C Chen Gaoming G Yu Jun J Wu Wei W Ge Yuwei Y Liu Xiaolan X Li Jin J Jiang Xingzhou X Tang Weijie W Tian Yunlu Y Zhao Zhigang Z Zhu Chengsong C Wang Chunming C Wan Jianmin J

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 20200827 12

<h4>Key message</h4>Heterosis QTLs, including qSS7 and qHD8, with dominance effects were identified through GBS and large-scale phenotyping of CSSLs and hybrid F<sub>1</sub> populations in a paddy field. Heterosis has contributed immensely to agricultural production, but its genetic basis is unclear. We evaluated dominance effects by creating two hybrid populations: a B-homo set with a homozygous background and heterozygous chromosomal segments and a B-heter set with a heterozygous background an ...[more]

PMID: 32852584

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Project description:Super hybrid rice genotypes have transformed the rate of genetic yield gain primarily due to intersubspecific heterosis, although the physiological basis underpinning this yield transformation has not been well quantified. We assessed the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of novel hybrid rice genotypes under four management practices representative of rice cropping systems in China. Y-liangyou 900 (YLY900), a new super hybrid rice widely adopted in China, was examined in field experiments conducted in Jingzhou and Suizhou, Hubei Province, China, from 2017 to 2020. Four management practices were conducted: nil fertilizer (CK), conventional farmer practice (FP), optimized cultivation with reduced nitrogen (OPT-N), and optimized cultivation with increased nitrogen (OPT+N). Yield differences across the treatment regimens were significant (p < 0.05). Grain yield of OPT+N in Jingzhou and Suizhou were 11 and 12 t ha-1, which was 14 and 27% greater than yields obtained under OPT-N and FP, respectively. Relative to OPT-N and FP, OPT+N had greater panicle numbers (9 and 18%), spikelets per panicle (7 and 12%), spikelets per unit area (17 and 32%), and total dry weight (9 and 19%). The average RUE of OPT+N was 2.7 g MJ-1, which was 5 and 9% greater than that of OPT-N and FP, respectively, due to higher intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR). The agronomic efficiency of applied N (AEN) of OPT+N was 17 kg grain kg-1 N, which was 9 and 68% higher than that of OPT-N and FP. These results show that close correlations exist between yield and both the panicles number (R 2 = 0.91) and spikelets per panicle (R 2 = 0.83) in OPT+N. We conclude that grain yields of OPT+N were associated with greater IPAR, RUE, and total dry matter. We suggest that integrated cropping systems management practices are conducive to higher grain yield and resource use efficiency through expansion of sink potential in super hybrid rice production.

Dataset Information

Heterosis-associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice.

Key message

Publications

Heterosis-associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice.

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