Dataset Information

Assessment of Growth, Lipid Metabolism and Gene Expression Responses in Senegalese Sole Larvae Fed With Low Dietary Phospholipid Levels.

ABSTRACT: Phospholipids (PL) are essential molecules for larval growth and development. In this study, growth, lipid metabolism and gene expression responses associated with different dietary PL levels in pelagic sole larvae were evaluated. In a first trial, the long-term effects on growth and survival of two experimental microdiets (MD) containing high (High-PL) or low (Low-PL) PL levels were tested and compared to a diet based on live prey (rotifers). The MD were supplied from 3 to 10 days post-hatch (dph) and Artemia from day 8 to 29 dph. High-PL fed larvae had higher dry mass (1.2-fold) than Low-PL fed larvae at 8 dph and both MD were smaller (2.9-fold) than larvae fed live preys. However, a compensatory growth (33% between 8 and 20 dph) occurred when MD were substituted by Artemia and by the end of the trial no significant differences in mass or survival occurred between the dietary treatments. In a second trial, growth, lipid metabolism and gene expression profiles of larvae fed with MD up to 8 dph were analyzed. Growth data confirmed that mass of larvae fed with High-PL was higher (1.3-fold) than the those fed Low-PL and they had lower levels of triacylglycerol (2.8-fold), cholesterol (1.2-fold) and cetoleic acid (1.7-fold). Histological analysis indicated an excess of lipid vacuoles in larvae fed with Low-PL and the expression analysis revealed a coordinated response to enhance lipid mobilization since the expression of genes involved in PL intermediate synthesis, PL remodeling as well as eight apolipoprotein was up-regulated. The down-regulation of apolipoprotein apob2 in larvae fed with Low-PL indicated a specific regulation by PL levels. The present work provides insight into the responses associated with dietary PL in early fish larvae, which will be of use for future studies aimed as designing effective larval sole diets.

SUBMITTER: Hachero-Cruzado I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7569605 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Assessment of Growth, Lipid Metabolism and Gene Expression Responses in Senegalese Sole Larvae Fed With Low Dietary Phospholipid Levels.

Hachero-Cruzado Ismael I Rodriguez-Rua Ana A Torrent Ivana I Roman-Padilla Javier J Manchado Manuel M

Frontiers in physiology 20200930

Phospholipids (PL) are essential molecules for larval growth and development. In this study, growth, lipid metabolism and gene expression responses associated with different dietary PL levels in pelagic sole larvae were evaluated. In a first trial, the long-term effects on growth and survival of two experimental microdiets (MD) containing high (High-PL) or low (Low-PL) PL levels were tested and compared to a diet based on live prey (rotifers). The MD were supplied from 3 to 10 days post-hatch (d ...[more]

PMID: 33123028

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Project description:The kiss system is known to regulate puberty and to be involved in the onset of reproduction, acting upstream of the Brain-Pituitary-Gonad axis in gonadotrophin releasing hormone neurons and stimulating secretion of GnRH. Kisspeptin has been proven to be a novel therapeutic for fertility disorders in humans. In fish, positive results have also observed the prospective of this hormone to induce gamete development. During the last two decades, support has been obtained describing the key role of microRNAs (miRNA) in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and they have been recommended as relevant biomarkers in reproductive studies. Senegalese sole is a marine flatfish species with high importance in the European aquaculture industry, due to its good growth rate and high market value. However, this species presents a bottleneck in terms of reproduction, which does not allow to close the cycle in captive conditions. Hence, this study aimed to observe the effect of a novel hormonal treatment using kisspeptin in miRNA expression related to reproductive performance in cultured Senegalese sole breeders. For this purpose, Senegalese sole F1 broodstock were held at CCMAR facilities in 4 tanks of 3m3 (n = 12/per tank, sex ratio 1:1) under natural photoperiod and temperature conditions. During the reproductive season, the animals from each 2 of the tanks were treated either with SSkiss2_v2 decapeptide in a single intramuscular injection, or with a PBS injection for control groups. After the treatment (2 and 4 days), all fish were anesthetized and sampled for blood collection. Afterwards, plasma was obtained to determine several parameters related to reproductive physiology (Fsh, Lh and sexual esteroids (T, 11-KT and E2)) and miRNAs regulation. After observing the high implication of this treatment in the gonadotrofins, above all in Fsh and sexual esteroids, above all in T, the RNA was extracted from blood plasma using miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit (Qiagen, Germany) and libraries were prepared using NEXTflex Small RNA-Seq kit v3 (Bioo Scientific, USA). Small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) (NextSeq 500) was performed on sole treated with kisspeptin (n = 16) and non-treated control fish (n = 14). A total of 1,467 unique miRNAs were expressed in Senegalese sole plasma. A multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot showed no clear clustering of the samples with the kisspeptin treatment. However, the differential expression analysis revealed one miRNA, miR-1-3p, to be highly up-regulated in both males and females treated with kisspeptin compared to control sole. This miRNA is linked with myogenesis and angiogenesis, and skeletal muscle development in fish. Three isomirs (let 7e, miR-199a-3p, miR-100-5p) were differentially expressed between females treated and control fish. MicroRNA let-7e is an important regulator of endothelial function and inflammation, related to testosterone pathway release; miR-199a-3p plays an important role in inflammation and women fertility and miR-100-5p might be implicated in the regulation of cell growth and oocytes maturation. In conclusion, kisspeptin treatment may affect gonad maturation in females and muscle growth in males. Our data support the possibility of using circulating miRNAs as less invasive physiological biomarkers in fish reproduction.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Several miRNAs are known to control myogenesis in vertebrates. Some of them are specifically expressed in muscle while others have a broader tissue expression but are still involved in establishing the muscle phenotype. In teleosts, water temperature markedly affects embryonic development and larval growth. It has been previously shown that higher embryonic temperatures promoted faster development and increased size of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae relatively to a lower temperature. The role of miRNAs in thermal-plasticity of growth is hitherto unknown. Hence, we have used high-throughput SOLiD sequencing to determine potential changes in the miRNA transcriptome in Senegalese sole embryos that were incubated at 15°C or 21°C until hatching and then reared at a common temperature of 21°C. RESULTS: We have identified 320 conserved miRNAs in Senegalese sole, of which 48 had not been previously described in teleosts. mir-17a-5p, mir-26a, mir-130c, mir-206-3p, mir-181a-5p, mir-181a-3p and mir-199a-5p expression levels were further validated by RT- qPCR. The majority of miRNAs were dynamically expressed during early development, with peaks of expression at pre-metamorphosis or metamorphosis. Also, a higher incubation temperature (21°C) was associated with expression of some miRNAs positively related with growth (e.g., miR-17a, miR-181-5p and miR-206) during segmentation and at hatching. Target prediction revealed that these miRNAs may regulate myogenesis through MAPK and mTOR pathways. Expression of miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and energy production (e.g., miR-122) also differed between temperatures. A miRNA that can potentially target calpain (miR-181-3p), and therefore negatively regulate myogenesis, was preferentially expressed during segmentation at 15°C compared to 21°C. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature has a strong influence on expression of miRNAs during embryonic and larval development in fish. Higher expression levels of miR-17a, miR-181-5p and miR-206-3p and down-regulation of miR-181a-3p at 21°C may promote myogenesis and are in agreement with previous studies in Senegalese sole, which reported enhanced growth at higher embryonic temperatures compared to 15°C. Moreover, miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and energy production may also contribute to increased larval growth at 21°C compared to 15°C. Taken together, our data indicate that miRNAs may play a role in temperature-induced phenotypic plasticity of growth in teleosts.

Dataset Information

Assessment of Growth, Lipid Metabolism and Gene Expression Responses in Senegalese Sole Larvae Fed With Low Dietary Phospholipid Levels.

Publications

Assessment of Growth, Lipid Metabolism and Gene Expression Responses in Senegalese Sole Larvae Fed With Low Dietary Phospholipid Levels.

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