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Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity.

ABSTRACT: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by unpaired blood glycaemia maintenance. T2DM can be treated by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylases and α-glucosidases) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose and voglibose are inhibitors used in clinical practice. However, these drugs are associated with unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. This study explores new α-amylase inhibitors deriving from plant volatile specialized metabolites. Sixty-two essential oils (EOs) from different plant species and botanical families were subjected to α-amylase in vitro enzymatic assay and chemically characterized using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several EOs were found to be potential α-amylase inhibitors, and Eucalyptus radiata, Laurus nobilis, and Myristicafragrans EOs displayed inhibitory capacities comparable to that of the positive control (i.e., acarbose). A bio-guided fractionation approach was adopted to isolate and identify the active fractions/compounds of Eucalyptus radiata and Myristica fragrans EOs. The bio-guided fractionation revealed that EOs α-amylase inhibitory activity is often the result of antagonist, additive, or synergistic interactions among their bioactive constituents and led to the identification of 1,8-cineole, 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, α-pinene, and β-pinene as bioactive compounds, also confirmed when they were tested singularly. These results demonstrate that EO oils are a promising source of potential α-amylase inhibitors.

SUBMITTER: Capetti F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7569863 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity.

Capetti Francesca F Cagliero Cecilia C Marengo Arianna A Bicchi Carlo C Rubiolo Patrizia P Sgorbini Barbara B

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20200921 9

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by unpaired blood glycaemia maintenance. T2DM can be treated by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylases and α-glucosidases) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose and voglibose are inhibitors used in clinical practice. However, these drugs are associated with unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. This study explores new α-amylase inhibitors deriving from plant volatile specialized metabolites. Six ...[more]

PMID: 32967115

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Project description:Ammi majus L.; Family Apiaceae; is a plant indigenous to Egypt. Its fruits contain bioactive compounds such as furanocoumarins and flavonoids of important biological activities. An endophytic fungus was isolated from the fruits and identified as Aspergillus amstelodami (MK215708) by morphology, microscopical characterization, and molecular identification. To our knowledge this is the first time an endophytic fungus has been isolated from the fruits. The antimicrobial activity of the Ammi majus ethanol fruits extract (AME) and fungal ethyl acetate extract (FEA) were investigated, where the FEA showed higher antimicrobial activity, against all the tested standard strains. Phytochemical investigation of the FEA extract yielded five prenylated benzaldehyde derivative compounds isolated for the first time from this species: Dihydroauroglaucin (1), tetrahydroauroglaucin (2), 2-(3,6-dihydroxyhepta-1,4-dien-1-yl)-3,6-dihydroxy-5-(dimethylallyl)benzaldehyde (3), isotetrahydroauroglaucin )4), and flavoglaucin (5). Structure elucidation was carried out using (1H- and 13C-NMR). Fractions and the major isolated compound 1 were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. Compound 1 showed high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 1.95 µg/mL, Streptococcus mutans (MIC = 1.95 µg/mL), and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL). It exhibited high antibiofilm activity with minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) = 7.81 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms and MBIC = 15.63 µg/mL against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans and moderate activity (MBIC = 31.25 µg/mL) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. This reveals that dihydroauroglaucin, a prenylated benzaldehyde derivative, has a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, it was observed that the MICs of the FEA are much lower than that of the AME against all susceptible strains, confirming that the antimicrobial activity of Ammi majus may be due to the ability of its endophytic fungi to produce effective secondary metabolites.

Dataset Information

Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity.

Publications

Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity.

Similar Datasets

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